BACKGROUND:Resin infiltration is a novel approach in treating non-cavitated caries lesions on smooth surfaces, and the effectiveness comparison between resin infiltration and remineralizing therapy is required.
OBJECTIVE:To compare the effects of resin infiltration and remineralizing therapy on inhibition of non-cavitated lesions in vitro.
METHODS:Three subsurface lesions were created on 35 bovine labial specimens. One of the lesions was permeated with Icon? infiltrant, one was applied by 0.1%NaF solution daily for 7 consecutive days, whereas one lesion remained as the untreated control. Subsequently, half of each specimen was covered with nail varnish
(baseline) and the other half was re-exposed to a demineralizing solution for 5 days (experimental). The specimens were cut perpendicularly to the surface, stained with Rhodamine B and observed with fluorescence microscope.
RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:For lesions permeated with Icon? infiltrant and applied by 0.1%NaF solution, the progression of lesion depth was significantly decreased (P<0.05) compared with the untreated control. Lesions permeated with Icon? infiltrant got more significantly reduced lesion progression (P<0.05) compared with the ones applied by 0.1%NaF solution. It can be concluded that both resin infiltration and remineralizing therapy have active effects on inhibition of non-cavitated lesions, and fil ing the pores with Icon? infiltrant can inhibit further demineralization even better.

Objective To compare the short-term safety and efficacy of radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and microwave ablation (MWA) for treatment of large benign thyroid nodules.Methods A total of 34 patients with large benign thyroid nodules were studied retrospectively,including 13 patients treated with ultrasound-guided RFA and 21 patients treated with MWA between Jun.,2016 and Feb.,2017 in Zhongshan Hospital.The thyroid function parameters,serum antibodies,complications and thyroid nodules volume reduction rate(VRR) were compared between the two groups during the follow-up.Results There were no statistically significant differences(P＞0.05)among those patients before and after treatment in serum free triiodothyronine (fT3),free thyroxine (fT4),thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH),anti-thyroglobulin antibodies (TG-Ab) levels,and thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPO-Ab).One patient in the MWA group had mild hoarseness after ablation and another patient in the RFA group had intraoperative hemorrhage for about 10 mL.There were no other complications such as neck scar,postoperative infection,skin burns,tracheal and esophageal injury.One day after the ablation,all nodules were showed hypoecho and contrast-enhanced ultrasound proved there was no blood supply.One month after treatment,no statistically significant difference was found in VRR between two groups (23.8％ vs.22.6％,P =0.127).Conclusions RFA and MWA are safe and effective treatments for large benign thyroid nodules,and no significant difference was observed in short-term follow-up.

Objective To investigate the remineralization effects of the Aominqing dental desensitizer and the fluoride dentifrice on the demineralized enamels. Methods Sixty-three teeth were randomly divided into three groups after demineralization , then was remineralized for eight days by using Aominqing dental desensitizer, fluoride dentifrice (1.1 g/L), and deionized water, respectively. The thin sections of teeth were analyzed under the con-focal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). The morphology of the surface of teeth was observed under the scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results Under CLSM, the evaluation parameter area of the fluorescent lesion (A,μm2) processed by Aominqing and by fluoride was (3.19 ± 0.19) × 104, (3.61 ± 0.26) × 104 μm2, respectively. The total fluorescence (TF) was (0.61 ± 0.09) × 106, (0.89 ± 0.15) × 106, average fluorescent of the lesion(AF) was (18.98 ± 1.56), (24.65 ± 2.39), and the above parameters were all less than those in the blank control group [A=(4.89 ± 0.24) × 104 μm2,TF=(1.78 ± 0.21) × 106, AF = 36.29 ± 2.57] (P < 0.01). The evaluation parameters in the Aominqing group were less than those in the fluoride dentifrice group(P < 0.05). Under SEM, the surface of the group processed by Aominqing was the smoothest, compared to the fluoride dentifrice group and the blank control group. Conclusions Both Aominqing dental desensitizer and fluoride dentifrice (1.1 g/L) have the remineralization effects on the demineralized enamels, and the former has a stronger effect.

Objective:To explore blood type distribution of newborns hemolytic disease ( HDN ) caused by maternal and neonatal blood type incompatibility and analyze the value of hemolysis three trials in the diagnosis of HDN.Methods:Hemolysis three trials of type O or Rh negative maternal cord blood samples and hyperbilirubinemia of the newborn blood samples from January 2014 to 2016 were detected by micro-column gel test cards.Then the results were statistically analyzed.Results:(1) There were 918 cases of maternal and neonatal blood type incompatibility in all 1350 cases.569 cases were detected HDN positive with the rate of 62%( 569/918).Among 569 cases,the positive rate of direct anti-globulin test,free antibody test and antibody released test were 27.9%(159/569),86.5%(492/569) and 100% respectively.There was statistical difference of the combination of direct anti-globulin test negative,free antibody test positive and antibody released test positive compared with other combinations ( P<0.05 ).( 2 ) There was statistical difference of HDN positive rate between ABO 73.8%(551/747) and Rh 10.5%(18/171)in 918 cases of blood type incom-patibility.(3)There was statistical difference between A positive rate of 80%(280/350) and B positive rate of 68.3%(271/397) in 747 cases of ABO incompatibility.(4)There was statistical difference among RhD positive rate of 17.7%(14/79),RhE positive rate of 6.8%(4/59) and RhC positive rate of 0(0/33).Conclusion: Antibody released test was the most sensitive test in hemolysis three trials to diagnose HDN.The probability of HDN positive caused by maternal and neonatal ABO blood type incompatibility was significantly higher than Rh.The probability of HDN positive with type A newborns was significantly higher than type B.The probability of HDN positive caused by RhD blood type incompatibility was significantly higher than RhE and RhC.

Objective:To discuss the oncologic safety, aesthetic outcome, and upper extremity function of single-port insufflation endoscopic nipple-sparing mastectomy (SIE-NSM) in the treatment of early breast cancer.Methods:From January 2014 to August 2019, a total of 80 patients with stage Ⅰ and Ⅱ breast cancer underwent SIE-NSM, at Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University were retrospectively analyzed and followed up. Estimated the oncologic safety, aesthetic outcome, and upper extremity function.Results:SIE-NSM was performed successfully on all 80 patients.There was no serious complication after surgery.The follow-up time was 16-82 months and the median follow-up time was 42 months. Local recurrence occurred in two patients, and there was no distant metastases. Four (5%) patients developed grade 1-3 nipple-areola complex ischemia. There were no cases of subcutaneous effusion.The satisfaction with breasts, chest well-being, psychosocial well-being, and sexual well-being scores were confirmed to be highly rated by Breast-Q scale. Upper extremity function score confirmed that good upper limb function was preserved after surgery. The mean length of incision was (3.6±0.8) cm, and the blood loss was (24.7±19.3) mL.Conclusions:SIE-NSM can achieve a higher cosmetic score and a better recovery of upper limb function on the premise of ensuring the safety of the tumor.This novel method is an appropriate surgical option for patients with early breast cancer.

Objective Skin disease is multiple,common disease,and there are so many therapeutic methods.In recent years,physical non-invasive therapy of skin disease has developed rapidly.On the basis of Pennes equation,a series of simulation analysis was completed,and the results confirmed the feasibility and availability as well as the definite safety of curing skin diseases by direct heating.In order to achieve the maximum efficacy and the minimum side effects simultaneously and based on the previous research,exploratory simulation experiment of non-isothermal heating was carried out.Methods The skin temperature fields with non-isothermal heating were simulated by utilizing mathematical tools (Matlab).Results Compared to the previous isothermal heating,during the non-isothermal heating,the temperature of inner skin displayed the rising trend,while it displayed the declining trend during the isothermal heating.Conclusion As compared to isothermal heating,non-isothermal heating has better restraining effect for the bacterium within the inner skin,and less side-effect.

Objective:To evaluate the effectiveness of Minqing Ao dental desensitizer in the treatment of early childhood caries (ECC).Methods:41 0 teeth with ECC in 1 1 0 cases were divided into 3 groups.Minqing Ao dental desensitizer,fluoride toothpaste and ordinary toothpaste without fluoride were respectively used in group A,B and C.The laser fluorescence value(LFV)was meas-ured and compared before treatment,2,4,6 weeks and 6 months after treatment.Results:2 weeks after treatment,the LFV was not significantly changed in the 3 groups.4 weeks after treatment LFV in group A was decreased(P<0.01 ),the LFV in group A was lower than that in group B(P<0.05)and in group C(P<0.01 ).While there was no significant difference between group B and C(P>0.05).6 weeks after treatment LFV in group A and B was decreased(P<0.01 and P<0.05),there was significant difference be-tween each 2 groups(P<0.05).6 weeks and 6 months after treatment LFV in group A was lower than that in group B(P<0.01 ),and in group B was lower than that in group C(P<0.01 ).Conclusion:Minqing Ao is effective for treatment of early childhood caries.

In order to investigate the species and categorization of Gasterophilus in Ili horse.We analysised the COI gene of the identified Gasterophilus dominant species and constructed NJ phylogenetic tree in the study.The results showed that infection rate was 100％ in total of 16 775 the third phase Gasterophilus instar larvae.Four Gasterophilus species were identified,and showed serious mix infections.Dominant species were Gasterophilus nasalis,its relative dominance were 53.17％,and prefer to live in the cardia,others to irregular live in the pylorus of the horses.COI gene homology of GasterophiIus nasalis,Gasterophilus intestinalis,Gasterophilus pecorum,Gasterophilus haemorrhoidalis (GenBank Accession No.:GU265752.1,KR230402.1,KU578262.1,KT946620.1) were 99％,99％,99％ and 100％ respectively.Phylogenetic analysis results showed that the data were clustered with the Gasterophilus app.which publshed on the GenBank.G.intestinalis and G.haemorrhoidalis cluster together first,and then cluster with G.nasalis,at last all three kinds of Gasterophilus cluster with G.pecorum.When the COI gene is the target,in-group and out-group of the Gasterophilus can forms an independent evolutionary branch.This study provides useful parameters for the classification of Gasterophilus.

Objective To investigate the effect of Yiqi Jianpi herb on content of NPY, VIP and expression of Mapk14 mRNA of rats with spleen-qi deficiency. Methods Rats were randomly divided into normal groups, model group (observed on 7 d, 14 d and 21 d), treatment group of Yiqi Jianpi herb, 10 rats in each group. The spleen-qi deficient model rats were made by rhubarb, exhaustive and hungry method, and treatment group was treated with Sijunzi decoction (20 g/kg) for 21 d, then the content of NPY, VIP in serum and small intestine were evaluated with radioimmunoassay, and expression of Mapk14 mRNA in small intestine tissue was evaluated with real time fluorescent quantitative PCR. Results In model group, content of NPY was much lower than that of normal group (P<0.05), content of VIP and relative expression of Mapk14 mRNA in small intestine tissue were much higher than that of normal group (P<0.05), the difference was obvious in 21 d group. Compared with model 21 d group, content of NPY was increased (P<0.05), content of VIP and relative expression of Mapk14 mRNA in small intestine tissue were decreased (P<0.05) in treatment group. Conclusion Yiqi Jianpi herb has functions of adjusting NPY, VIP secretion and inhibiting abnormal expression of Mapk14 mRNA.

Objective To explore the pain beliefs in acute phase in elderly patients with lung cancer undergoing thoracotomy using qualitative analysis. Methods Using the phenomenological research method, a total of 15 elderly patients with non-small cell lung cancer undergoing thoracotomy from February to May 2017 in the First Hospital of Jilin University were recruited by purposive sampling method. On the 5th day after thoracotomy, semi-structured in-depth interviews were conducted to describe the pain beliefs and the data were analyzed by Colaizzi analysis. Results Through the analysis of the data, 4 main themes were summarized:pain cognition, negative emotion, controllability, social and family support. Conclusions There are negative pain beliefs and negative emotion in the acute stage in lung cancer patients after thoracotomy, which provides a theoretical basis for the development of pain care after thoracotomy in elderly patients with lung cancer.