ObjectiveTo determine endometrial thickness, endometrial volumeand, endometrial and subendometrial blood flows, by using transvaginal two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) ultrasound examination and to compare the value of all the parameters in the prediction of endometrial receptivity during in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) cycles.MethodsOne hundred and twenty patients undergoing IVF cycles were recruited for this study. Transvaginal 2D and 3D ultrasound examination was performed to determine endometrial thickness, endometrial volume, pulsatility index (PI), resisitance index (RI) , systolic/diastolic ratio (S/D) of endometrial, subendometrial blood flows , vascularization index (VI), flow index (FI) and vascularization flow index (VFI) of endometrial and subendometrial regions by experienced sonographers on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG) injection. Statistical comparison was carried out by Mann-Whitney test. The receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve analysis was applied and the area under the curve (AUC) was calculated. Statistic analyses were performed using SPSS 13.0. The two-tailed value of was considered statistically significant.ResultsThere were no significant differences between the pregnant group and non-pregnant group in endometrial thickness, endometrial volume (P>0.05). Patients in the pregnant group had lower PI, RI and S/D of endometrial and subendometrial blood flows than those in the non-pregnant group (Z=-3.811,-3.097,-2.071, P=0.001, 0.001, 0.038), with statisticalsignificant difference. Patients in the pregnant group had higher VI, FI and VFI of endometrial and subendometrial regions than those in the non-pregnant group (Z=-1.970,-2.698,-1.981, P=0.490, 0.007, 0.048;Z=-2.098,-2.090,-2.115,P=0.036, 0.037, 0.034), with statistical significant difference. ConclusionsEndometrial and subendometria blood flows measured by transvaginal 2D and 3D ultrasound can be as a reliable indicator to assess endometrial receptivity and predict the pregnancy outcome. Among all the endometrial and subendometrial blood flow parameters, VI of endometrial and subendometrial are better predicators.

Objective To investigate the role of endometrial and subendometrial blood flows measured by transvaginal three-dimensional(3D) power Doppler ultrasound in the prediction of endometrial receptivity during in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer (IVF-ET) cycles. Methods One hundred and twenty patients undergoing IVF-ET cycles were enrolled in this study. Transvaginal 3D power Doppler ultrasound examination was performed on the day of human chorionic gonadotropin injection to determine endometrial thickness,endometrial volume, vascularization index(VI), flow index(FI) and vascularization flow index (VFI) of endometrial and subendometrial regions by experienced sonograpbers. The patients were divided into pregnant group and non-pregnant group according to pregnant outcome. The data between the two groups were compared and analysed. Results There were no significant differences( P ＞0.05) between the pregnant group and non-pregnant group in endometrial thickness, endometrial volume. Endometrial and subendometrial VI,FI, VFI were higher in the pregnant group than those in the non-pregnant group, and statistical comparison had significant difference( P ＜0.05). Conclusions Endometrial and subendometrial blood flows measured by transvaginal 3D power Doppler ultrasound can be as a reliable indicator to assess endometrial receptivity and to predict the pregnancy outcome.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the characteristics of tinnitus in patients with auditory neuropathy spec- trum disorder (ANSD). METHOD: This study recruited 14 ANSD patients with tinnitus. All the ANSD patients un- derwent detailed history taking, audiological examinations and assessments of tinnitus. This study analyzed the correlation of tinnitus status and hearing loss, and discussed the effects of sex, age, and the course of disease on tinnitus in ANSD patients. RESULT: (1) In the ANSD patients, tinnitus often occurred in 3 years after the onset of hearing loss; (2) Tinnitus was highly prevalent in ANSD patients, and the severity of tinnitus was mostly from mild to moderate; (3) There was no obvious correlation between the subjective grading of tinnitus and hearing loss de- gree, and the impact of curve patterns of hearing loss on the level of tinnitus need much more evidence-based proof; (4) Along with the course extension, the impact of tinnitus on the quality of life was much more obvious; (5) Some risk factors such as noise exposure could be the reasons of aggravating the degree of tinnitus. CONCLUSION Tinnitus in ANSD patients has its unique clinical features. The study of Tinnitus in ANSD patients can provide clinical basis for further research in ANSD.
Hearing Loss ; Hearing Loss, Central ; complications ; diagnosis ; Humans ; Prevalence ; Quality of Life ; Tinnitus ; complications ; diagnosis

Objective:To explore the optimal match degree between thoracolumbar kyphosis (TLK) and lower lumbar lordosis (LLL) in adult spinal deformity (ASD) after correction surgery.Methods:Data of 119 ASD patients (male: 28, female: 91), belonging to the Affiliated Hospital of Jining Medical University (19 cases), the Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (11 cases), and the First Medical Center of Chinese PLA General Hospital (89 cases) were reviewed and documented from March 2019 to March 2020. All patients (age, 64.48±8.88 years; range, 45-79 years) underwent the surgical procedure of thoracolumbar fusion with instrumentations were followed up over 24 months (51.68±15.60 months; range, 24-87 months) after surgery. Postoperative proximal interface failure, Oswestry disability index (ODI) score and Scoliosis Research Society-22 (SRS-22) score were recorded for all patients. The immediate match of TLK to LLL postoperatively was calculated as follows: TLM=TLK/LLL. The data of those individuals with excellent improvements in the ODI (>50%) at the final follow-up were recorded and analyzed. Then the mean value and the 95% CI of TLM in those individuals were calculated. All participants were subdivided into three groups according to the 95% CI value of TLM. After the receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analyzing, the area under the ROC curve (AUC) was the best cutoff value of TLM. The association of proximal junctional failure (PJF) developing with the abnormal TLM postoperatively was analyzed with logistic regression, and the odds ratio (OR) was calculated. Results:62 patients had significant improvements in ODI (>50%) at the final follow-up, and the mean TLM in those individuals was 0.41 [95% CI (0.2, 0.5)]. All patients were divided into three groups: TLM<0.2 (35 cases), 0.2≤TLM≤0.5 (48 cases) and TLM>0.5 (36 cases). The preoperative TLK (13.87°±16.61°) and T 1 pelvic angle (19.69°±10.55°) in the those patients with TLM<0.2 were the smallest, and those were the largest in those with TLM>0.5 (30.59°±16.68°, 28.30°±14.46°). The individuals with TLM<0.2 still had the smallest TLK (2.89°±1.78°), however, those with TLM>0.5 had the largest TLK (17.13°±12.13°) and the smallest LLL (-26.16°±11.02°) accordingly. Additionally, the ODI and SRS-22 for those with 0.2≤TLM≤0.5 at the final follow-up were the best ( P<0.05). ROC curve analysis results showed that the best cutoff value of TLM was 0.4 (sensitivity=78.9%, specificity=76.2%; AUC=0.802, 95% CI (0.708, 0.896) , P<0.001). During the follow-up after orthopedic surgery, there were 19 patients with postoperative proximal junction failure, including 16 patients in the mismatched group (6 patients in the TLM<0.2 group, 10 patients in the TLM>0.5 group) and 3 patients in the matched group (0.2≤TLM≤0.5 group), with the incidence of 23% (16/71) and 6% (3/48), respectively. The difference was statistically significant (χ 2=5.66, P=0.017). Thoracolumbar mismatch was significantly associated with proximal borderline failure after orthosis [ OR=4.35, 95% CI (1.196, 15.924)]. Conclusion:The abnormal correction in thoracolumbar kyphosis and lower lumbar lordosis may result in mismatch between thoracolumbar segments, which would undermine the quality of life, and increase the incidence of proximal junctional failure developing in those ASD patients underwent long-fusion surgeries. The match between TLK and LLL should be 0.2 to 0.5.

Objective: This study aims to evaluate the efficacy of specific exercise therapy for the treatment of skeletally immature idiopathic scoliosis (IS). Methods: A total of 51 mild IS patients receiving specific exercise therapy in Guangdong Xinmiao Scoliosis Prevention Center from October 2017 to September 2021 were recruited in this study. Treatment outcome were evaluated at 1 year follow up. All the participants were divided into two groups: open ( n =32) and closed triradiate cartilage group ( n =19), and outcome of treatment were compared within the two groups. Results: After (26.5±9.8) months of treatment, the Cobb angle of the major curve was corrected from an average of (15.5±4.2)° to (11.3±6.7)°, with an average correction of (4.5±5.7)°. Among them, 58.9% patients achieved improvement in the major curve Cobb angle, 33.3% achieved stabilization, and 7.8% progressed. There was no significant difference in the major curve Cobb angle between the closed and open triradiate cartilage groups before treatment( t =-0.73, P =0.47), whereas there was a significant difference in the correction of the major curve after treatment( t =-2.73 , P <0.05). Conclusion Specific exercise therapy effectively prevents the progression or corrects the scoliosis in patients with skeletally immature idiopathic scoliosis. It s more effective in patients with open triradiate cartilage than in those with closed triradiate cartilage.

Objective:To investigate the value of ultrasound findings in the diagnosis of lower extremity arterial disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and correlate it with clinical factors.Methods:A total of 535 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who received treatment in Taiyuan Second People's Hospital from January 2016 to June 2019 underwent color Doppler ultrasound examination (T2DM group). Vascular inner diameter, intima-media thickness, atherosclerotic plaque formation, lumen stenosis or occlusion, and hemodynamic characteristics were determined in patients with type2 diabetes mellitus compared with those in 107 patients with non-type 2 diabetes mellitus (non-T2DM group). These parameters were correlated with the course of the disease, blood glucose level, concomitant hypertension or not, and clinical Wagner grade.Results:The incidences of intima-media thickening, atherosclerotic plaque, stenosis, and occlusion of lower extremity arteries were 69.9%, 89.0%, 77.0% and 11.6% respectively, in the T2DM group, which were significantly higher than 41.1%, 78.5%, 72.0%, and 1.9% respectively in the non-T2DM group ( χ2 = 32.52, P < 0.001; χ2 = 8.76, P = 0.003; χ2 = 27.77, P < 0.001). With the prolongation of the course of T2DM, the incidence of arterial lesions in the lower extremities increased ( P < 0.001). The incidences of intima-media thickening, atherosclerotic plaque, stenosis, and occlusion of lower extremity arteries were significantly greater in the poor blood glucose control group and non-hypertension group compared with the good blood glucose control group and hypertension group (all P < 0.05). The degree of lower extremity arterial stenosis in T2DM patients was related to Wagner's grade. As the degree of stenosis increased, Wagner's grade increased correspondingly and significantly ( P < 0.001). Conclusion:Color Doppler ultrasound examination has an important value in evaluating lower extremity arterial lesions in patients with T2DM. The degree of arterial lesions in the lower extremities of T2DM patients is correlated with the course of the disease, blood glucose levels, concomitant hypertension, and clinical Wagner grade. Color Doppler ultrasound examination has an important clinical significance in evaluating the degree of vascular lesions and guiding early interventions in the clinic.

Objective To explore the influence factor of the stability of L5S1 fusion and the relationship between the stability of sacrum fusion and the clinical outcome for degenerative lumber scoliosis with long-segment fusion.Metheds Fifty patients with degenerative lumber scoliosis who underwent the long-segment fusion from June 2010 to January 2015 were included in this retrospective study.Based on post-operative L5S1 fusion,patients were divided into two groups.There were 15 patients(30％,9 male and 6 female patients) with a failing sacrum fusion whose average age 60±7.6 years (range from 58 to 78 years).6 patients had the situation at T12-S1,7 at L1-S1 and 2 at L2-S1.There were 35 patients (70％,26 male and 9 female patients) with a satisfying sacrum fusion whose average age 58.4±4.8 years (range from 50 to 80 years).Among them,16 were at T12-S1,12 at L1-S1 and 7 at L2-S1 levels.The interbody fusion rate and accuracy of pedicle screws were evaluated by anteroposterior and lateral spine radiographs in standing and CT scanning during the postoperative follow-up.The age,body mass index (BMI),bone mineral density,Cobb's angel,lumbar lordosis (LL),sagittal vertical axis (SVA),thoracic kyphosis (TLK),sacral slope (SS),pelvic inclination (PI) and pelvic tilt (PT) were compared between the 2 groups to analysis the relevant factor of the failing L5S1 fusion.Oswestry disability index (ODI) and visual analogue scale (VAS) were compared between the 2 groups in the postoperative follow-up.Results There were no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups preoperative in the age,BMI,lumbar Cobb angel,LL,SVA,TLK,SS,PI and PT.But there was a significant difference between the bone mineral density of 2 groups.LL were-40.5°± 8.7° vs.-41.2°±7.9°;TLK were 1.7°±7.4° vs.1.8°±6.7°;SS were 32.1°±5.6° vs.32.4°±5.5°;PT were 18.7°±10.5° vs.19.5°± 10.1°;PI were 42.3°±4.4° vs.40.1°±5.2°;SVA were 9.2±3.5 cm vs.9.5±3.1 cm;T value were-2.7±1.1 vs.-1.2±1.4.There were no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups in the ODI and VAS in the postoperative follow-up.Oswestry disability index were 8.2％±5.2％ vs.7.8％±4.5％;VAS value were 3.4±2.6 vs.3.1±2.1.Conclusion The smaller the bone mineral density of the patients with DS,the higher the incidence of the fusion failure L5S1 fusion.And when the failing L5S1 of fusion happened,the clinical outcome will not always be poor.

OBJECTIVETo analyze the clinical characteristics, prognosis and therapeutic effects of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSHL) patients associated with vertigo, and to investigate the strategy of diagnosis and treatment.

METHODSWe retrospectively analyzed the clinical characteristics of 240 patients diagnosed as SSHL with vertigo, who were treated in the Chinese PLA General Hospital from July 2008 to August 2012. Various factors affecting the therapeutic effects were analyzed, such as audiological features, vestibular function tests, genders, audiograms, lasting before seeing a doctor, courses of vertigo and vascular factors.

RESULTAmong the contemporaneous SSHL patients (873 cases), the cases with vertigo accounted for 27.49% (240/873). Among the 240 patients with vertigo, the cases with different hearing impaired degree of mild, moderate, severe and profound were 30, 13, 28 and 34, respectively, primarily by the profound cases. Detailed vestibular function tests were performed in 97 patients, with 54 cases having unilateral vestibular disfunction and 43 patients having normal vestibular function, among which 23 cases were diagnosed as benign paroxymal positional vertigo (BBPV). The relationship between vestibular function and different hearing impaired degrees or various audiogram types had no statistically significant difference. 219 cases had detailed records of the onset time of cochlear and vestibular symptoms, including 122 patients with cochlear symptoms and dizziness occurring simultaneously. After standardized drug treatment, the total effective rate was 46.67%, with recovery in 17 cases, excellent in 34 cases, better in 61 cases and poor in 128 cases, respectively. Statistical analysis showed that different genders, audiogram types, vertigo courses of time, the results of vestibular function and neck vascular ultrasounds were not related to the curative effects, while, the treatment time after onset was significantly associated with treatment effects.

CONCLUSIONSSSHL with vertigo has a high incidence, primarily single side affected, with relatively severe hearing impairment, and total deafness and downslope hearing curve mainly. Vestibular function can be normal or low in SSHL patients with vertigo, with a higher incidence of BPPV. Vestibular and cochlear symptoms occur simultaneously in more than half of the patients. The detection rate of vestibular dysfunction gradually increased, as the degree of hearing loss increased, without statistical significance although. The therapeutic effects of sudden hearing loss with vertigo cases have no relationship with dizziness duration or vestibular function, while the disease course plays an important role in treatment.

Benign Paroxysmal Positional Vertigo ; complications ; Cochlea ; physiopathology ; Deafness ; Dizziness ; Hearing Loss, Sensorineural ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; complications ; Hearing Tests ; Humans ; Prognosis ; Retrospective Studies ; Vestibular Function Tests ; Vestibule, Labyrinth ; physiopathology

Based on the historical documents regarding professor, his educational philosophy of acupuncture and moxibustion was summarized. As a result, the following characteristics were found. He focused on the education of acupuncture and moxibustion, which combined the classroom teaching with apprentice teaching; he compiled teaching materials and committed himself to education reform; he started the first acupuncture undergraduate majors in Fujian province; he valued the academic inheritance and practice of acupuncture; he authored publications and proposed arguments to inherit experience. In addition, he valued medical ethics and focused on patients.

Professor, who studied from professor, is a famous acupuncturist in Quanzhou of Southern Fujian. The publications authored by professorwere collected in this study to summarize his academic characteristics of acupuncture and moxibustion. The result indicated he highly valued the regulation of, and established the theory of "developingto nourish", which proposes to developto achieve the effect of culturing; he summarized eight methods to regulate the governor vessel and conception vessel, which can condition the body'sand; he paid attention to moxibustion therapy and its dosage, and made the best of direct moxibustion. In addition, he focused on meridian theory with effective application of meridian syndrome differentiation; in clinical treatment, he regulated the hand-meridian to treat diseases by nourishing, generatingand regulating.