ObjectiveTo investigate the visual condition and causes of blindness and low vision of ov er 60 years old people found by routine physical examination. Methods A total of 892 cases over 60 years old people took a yearly routine examinatio n, such as far and near vision in daily life, anterior segment and fundus of the eye and intraocular pressure. If the vision were under 0 3, the refractive vis ion needs to be corrected. The blindness and low vision patients were selected a nd taken further related examinations to analyse statistically the causes of bli ndness. Results Among 892 cases investigated, blindness together with low vision were 42 cases (4 71%). The morbidity rate of blindness and low vision were 1 01% (9 cases) a nd 3 70% (33 cases) respectively. Diseases caused blindness were macular lesio ns (57 14%), glaucoma(11 91%), cataract (9 52%), retinal diseases, optic nerv e atrophy, keratopathy etc. Refractory eye diseases were obviously more than t he eye diseases which can be treated. The morbidity rate of over 80 years old pe ople were obviously more than that of under 80 years group. Conclusions With ageing, the old people easily suffer from eye diseases and results in bli ndness. For the prevention and treatment of blindness for the elderly, much atte ntion to treatment of eye diseases should not only paid, active training is also important.

Objective To investigate the vision and the eye conditions of the longevous aged 90 years or over Methods The vision was examined by Snellen chart, and the outer eye, anterior segment, fundus and intraocular pressure were examined by slit lamp, funduscope and non contact tonometer in 135 longevous cases Some related examinations were adopted on suspective cases The refractive errors were corrected in 53 cases who were cooperative to examination Results The visions of right eyes were 0 01～1 0 with the average of 0 46?0 50, and the left eyes were 0 03～1 0, with the average of 0 49?0 50. The probabilities of blindness and low vision were 5 93% and 10 27% respectively. In 43 cases (81 13%)the vision increased by 1～5 lines (the average in 3 lines)after optometry compared with pre optometry ( P

Objective:To investigate the influence of joint line alteration on the mid-term clinical effects of primary medial pivot total knee arthroplasty (MP-TKA).Methods:Data of a total 189 patients (233 knees) with 30 males (30 knees) and 159 females (203 knees) with age 66.42±6.12, diagnosed as knee osteoarthritis and underwent primary MP-TKA from January to December 2015, were retrospectively analyzed. All cases were followed up for at least 4 years. The patients were divided into four groups according to the extent of alteration, namely <-4 mm, -4- mm, 0- mm and >4 mm. Range of motion (ROM), Knee Society's Knee Scoring System (KSS), the Western Ontario and McMaster University (WOMAC) osteoarthritis index score were compared preoperatively and at 4 years postoperatively.Results:The postoperative follow-up duration was 52.20± 2.94 months (48-59 months). A total of 133 knee (57%) had joint line raised and 100 cases (43%) joint line distal shifted. The overall height of joint line before surgery was 16.56±3.54 mm (7.33-25.32 mm) and 17.34±2.92 mm (7.25-25.43 mm) postoperatively. The average alteration was 0.78±3.17 mm (-6.00-9.91 mm) with statistically significant difference ( t=-2.596, P=0.010). There was no statistical difference among the four groups in terms of gender, body mass index, pre-operative tibia slope and post condylar offset. The overall preoperative ROM of the all groups was 90.45°±20.44°, which increased from baseline to 108.95°±12.55° at 4 years postoperatively ( t=-22.381, P<0.001). There was statistical difference in term of ROM among each group ( F=7.101, P<0.001). The ROM in group 0- mm and >4 mm was significantly higher than that in group <-4 mm and -4- mm ( P<0.05). The KSS function score and clinic score at 4 years postoperatively were significantly higher that those before surgery, the WOMAC score was statistically lower at 4 years postoperatively ( F=0.723, P<0.001; F=1.138, P<0.001; F=2.502, P<0.001). There was no significant difference among the four groups in terms of KSS score and WOMAC ( P>0.05). One case in >4 mm group had gasket prolapse at 6 month after surgery and 3 cases with immediate anterior knee pain occurred in <-4 mm group. Conclusion:MP-TKA can lead to significant joint line alteration. The overall ROM after surgery is positively correlated with the quantity of joint line alteration. However, there was no correlation between quantity of joint line alteration and the joint function scores. Thus, MP-TKA can achieve good mid-term clinical effects.