Objective To observe the clinical efficacy of alprostadil combined with valsartan in treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis proteinuria.Methods 78 patients with chronic glomerulonephritis proteinuria were randomly divided into two groups,and each group had 39 cases.The control group was given conventional treatment,while the observation group was given alprostadil combined with valsartan on the basis of the control group.The clinical outcomes were compared between the two groups.Results The total effective rate of the observation group was 92.31％,which was significantly higher than 74.36％ of the control group (x2 =9.825,P ＜ 0.05).After treatment,the 24h Upro,BUN and SCr of the observation group were (1.00 ± 0.39) g/24h,(7.11 ± 0.15) mmol/L and (80.86 ± 0.65) μmol/L,which were significantly lower than those of the control group [(1.30 ± 0.48) g/24h、(9.18 ± 2.21) mmol/L and (98.71 ± 4.34) μmol/L],the differences were statistically significant (t =9.32,7.83,7.12,all P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Alprostadil combined with valsartan in the treatment of chronic glomerulonephritis proteinuria has significant effect,and it can significantly alleviate clinical symptoms,improve renal function,which should be widely applied in clinical.

BACKGROUND: Rat models induced by unilateral nephrectomy combined with adriamycin are widely used in screening anti-drugs of glomerular sclerosis. However, few reports concerning this method on inducing rabbit model of glomerular sclerosisOBJECTIVE: To establish a rabbit model of glomerular sclerosis, and to observe the renal function and histopathological changes during model preparation. DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Randomized controlled animal experiment was performed in Laboratory Animal Center of Kunming General Hospital of Chengdu Military Region between December 2008 and May 2009. MATERIALS: Twenty-five Japanese big-ear rabbits, weighing 1.75-2.25 kg, half males and half females, were selected to establish glomerular sclerosis models, and randomly divided into normal (n=10) and model (n=15) groups. METHODS: The left kidney of rabbits in the model group was removed under anesthetized with 30g/L saline solution of sodium pentobarbital (1 mL/kg). Rabbits in the normal group underwent a similar surgical procedure without kidney removing. At 1 week after operation, 5 mg/kg adriamycin was injected into rabbits in the model group, 3 mg/kg adriamycin was reinjected 2 weeks later. Same volume of physiological saline was injected in the normal group. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: The renal blood biochemical indexes were detected prior to and at weeks 4, 6, and 8 after model preparation. One nephridial tissue was harvested from each group to undergo pathological observation at week 8 after the second medication. RESULTS: ①Kidney in the normal group presented slightly white, slightly tough texture with smooth surface. ②Pathological features of focal segmental glomerulosclerosis was showed in the model group under a light microscope, presented as extracellular matrix hyperplasia, mesangial region expansion, renal glomerular capillary wall ball mix adhesion, tubule degeneration, or even interstitial fibrosis, as well as interstitial infiltration of inflammatory cells. ③Compared to the normal group, the total protein and albumin was and decreased, triglyceride, total cholesterol, low density lipoprotein cholesterol, urea nitrogen, and creatinine were significantly increased in the model group. The urine protein content of rabbits in the model group was obviously increased at 4 weeks, gradually reached a platform after 8 weeks, which still greater than that of the normal group. ④SPECT showed that the glomerular filtration rate of the model group was notably decreased (33 mL/min) than the normal group (92.6 mL/min).CONCLUSION: The unilateral nephrectomy combined with adriamycin in rabbits results in the formation of glomerular sclerosis, renal function and 24 h urinary protein is more visible in the phase change.

Objective: To discuss the effects of sample storage time and temperature on lymphocyte subsets detected by flow cytometry. Methods: Use flow cytometry to detect lymphocyte subsets of a total of 53 blood samples from hospitalized and out-patient patients in Qinghai Provincial People′s Hospital from October 26, 2018 to March 30, 2019. The test was completed within 4 hours after sample collection, which is the control group. The treatment groups are as follows: pretreatment was completed within 4 hours and detected after saving samples at room temperature (group A) for 24 and 36 hours; the tests were performed after keeping samples at room temperature (group B) for 24, 48, 72 hours; completed detection after preserving samples in 4 ℃ condition (group C) for 24, 48, 72 hours. Results: In treatment group A, there was no significant difference in the results of lymphocyte subsets detected after 24 hours of storage compared with the control group(P>0.05); after 36 h of storage, CD3+and CD3+CD8+T lymphocytes percentages were significantly increased [(74.28±11.31)% vs (73.78±11.33)%, (32.15±14.82)% vs (31.00±14.79)%; all P<0.05], while CD19+cells percentage were markedly decreased [(15.60±12.23)% vs (16.11±12.38)%; P<0.05]. In group B, compared with the control group, there was no obvious change in lymphocyte subsets tested after 24 hours(P>0.05); after 48 hours of storage, CD19+cells percentage were observably reduced [(15.60±12.09)% vs (16.11±12.38)%; P<0.05], while other results showed no obvious change (P>0.05); after 72 hours of storage, CD3+and CD3+CD8+T cells percentages elevated significantly [(75.78±11.18)% vs (73.78±11.33)%, (32.57±14.90)% vs (31.00±14.79)%; all P<0.05], and CD19+cells percentage decreased markedly [(14.89±11.92)% vs (16.11±12.38)%; P<0.05]. In group C, there also was no significant change in the results between detecting after 24 hours and the control group(P>0.05); after 48 hours of storage, CD3+CD8+T cells percentage elevated obviously [(32.03±14.95)% vs (31.00±14.79)%; P<0.05] and CD19+cells percentage decreased markedly [(15.32±11.97)% vs (16.11±12.38)%; P<0.05]; after 72 hours of storage, CD3+and CD3+CD8+T cells percentages were significantly increased [(75.63±11.08)% vs (73.78±11.33)%, (32.62±14.98)% vs (31.00±14.79)%; all P<0.05], while CD56+and CD19+cells percentages were reduced observably [(8.21±6.52)% vs (9.02±6.80)%, (14.83±11.79)% vs (16.11±12.38)%; all P<0.05]. Conclusions The blood samples can be kept at room temperature and the testshould be completed within 48 h if the detection of lymphocyte subsets by flow cytometry cannot be performed in time; for the samples that have been pretreated, detection can be completed after saving at room temperature for 24 h, and the above treatments had no significant effect on the inspection results.

Mercury is one of the common heavy-metal toxins,which can cause damage throughout the body in a variety of ways. Cases of renal toxicity of mercury poisoning are increasing clinically. However,little is known about nephrotoxicity mechanisms,and treatment remains unsatisfactory. The mechanism of mercury toxic nephropathy is reviewed in this paper,including the direct toxic effect on the kidney,the injury to the biomembrane system,generation of Hg-metallothionein,imbalance of intra?cellular calciumion,oxidative damage,induced apoptosis,and immune injury. Besides,the mechanism and limitation of common therapies,potential developments of the field are discussed. This review will facilitate further investigations therapies about both the mechanism and treatment of mercury toxic nephropathy.

Objective:To analyze the chicken egg-white extracts were co-cultured with cells whether elevated stem cells protein,whether the cells transformation into stem cell.Methods:Four kinds of cells,making a common culture,a 50% chicken egg-white extract co-cultured for 3 days,cells were collected and frozen at -80 degrees,sending the company to do stem cell protein microarray.Results:C57-BMSC has three proteins occurred statistically significant change , TS-UC-MSC has one proteins occurred a statistically significant change ,293T has one protein occurred a statistically significant change ,and 293T-GFP has one protein occurred a statistically significant change.Conclusion:50% chicken egg-white extract co-cultured cells,the cells occurred the phenomenon of transformation into stem cells.

Objective To investigate the distribution characteristics of serum hepatitis B virus (HBV) markers of population in hospital and to provide the basis for prevention and control of virus B hepatitis .Methods 11 210 people in hospital who had accepted HBV serological testing were enrolled ,and were divided into >0 -25-year old group(n=3 553) and >25 -50-year old group(n=7 651) according to their ages .Enzyme-linked Immunosorbent Assay(ELISA) and Roche Cobas E601 Automatic Electro-chemiluminescence immunoassay analyzer were employed to detect serum HBV surface antigen (HBsAg ) ,anti-HBV surface anti-body(HBsAb) ,HBV e antigen(HBeAg) ,anti-HBV e antibody(HBeAb) and anti-HBV core antibody(HBcAb) .Results HBsAg positive rates of subjects in > 0 -25-year old group and > 25 -50-year old group were 16 .16% and 21 .19% ,respectively .The overall positive rates of HBsAg and HBsAb and full-negative rate were 19 .59% (2 195/11 204) ,37 .02% (4 148/11 204) and 11 .84% (1 327/11 204) ,respectively .Conclusion Distribution characteristics of HBV markers of population in hospital may pro-vide a reliable basis for taking effective protective and control measures against virus B hepatitis .

BACKGROUND: Studies have shown that umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells are ideal seed cells for tissueengineering research.OBJECTIVE: To isolate, culture and identify tree shrew umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells, in order toestablish a standardized tree shrew umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cell lines.METHODS: Caesarean-isolated tree shrew umbilical cord samples were used to isolate and culture umbilical cordmesenchymal stem cells using tissue explant adherent method. Flow cytometry assay was used to detect cellsurface markers. Osteogenic and adipogenic induction media were used to induce umbilical cord mesenchymalstem cells to differentiate into osteoblasts and adipocytes.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The cultured umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells expressed CD90 and CD105 with the positive rate of 99.9% and 99.8% respectively. Hematopoietic stem cell marker CD34 expression ratewas 0.0% and the endothelial cell marker CD31 expression rate was 0.7%, in line with the characteristics of umbilicalcord mesenchymal stem cell surface markers. Calcium nodules by alizarin red staining and lipid droplets by oil red Ostaining were observed in the induced cells. These experimental findings indicated that umbilical cord mesenchymalstem cells from tree shrews capable of osteogenic and adipogenic differentiation were successfully isolated and cultured.

Potassium metabolism in young adult men exercising in the heat for six consecutive days and the effect of potassium deficiency in mice and rats induced by low potassium diet during heat exposure were observed. Increased potassium loss in sweat and lower potassium intake resulted in negative potassium balance. Individuals with a negative potassium balance had lower se- rum potassium levels and higher body temperature after exercise. Potassium deficient mice accomplished less work done (2.372 vs 4.253 Kg.M) but exih-ibited a markedly greater rate of heat gain (1.36 vs 0.87℃/Kg.M) as compared to the controls. The survival rate and cellular energy metabolism also decreasedThese observations suggest that prevention from potassium deficiency must be emphasized during prolonged physical activity under hot environments. According to the linear regression equations between potassium intake and balance, it is proposed that the potassium requirements in mild and medium physical activity in the heat are 40 and 60 mEq/day respectively, and the allowance of potassium in the latter may be 70-80 mEq/day.

Objective To evaluate whether the reverse phase protein array (RPPA) method can be used for detecting TORCH infection in pregnant women .Methods The RPPA method was established for detecting TORCH infection .The positive coinci‐dence rates of TORCH infection detected by the RPPA method and ELISA method in 2000 fresh serum samples from pregnant women were compared for evaluating the feasibility of RPPA in TORCH detection .Results The positive coincidence rates of estab‐lished RPPA and ELISA for detecting TORCH infection was 100 .0% ,91 .1% ,97 .2% ,91 .3% and 93 .0% respectively ,indicating that the detection results of various indexes by RPPA and ELISA had better consistency (P>0 .05) ,but the positive detection rates of RPPA for Rubellavirus ,CMV and HSV‐1 ,2 were higher than those of correspondent ELISA method .Conclusion RPPA method for detecting TORCH infection has the advantages of simpleness ,rapidness ,high sensitivity and strong specificity ,is an effective method of auxiliary diagnosis for bearing and rearing better children in clinical ,and is worthy of being promoted and used in the fu‐ture .

Objective To establish a method of identification of DKO mouse model of Duchenne muscular dystro-phy, and to assess the dystrophin regeneration after stem cell transplantation.Methods Heterozygous mice were mated and the resulting offspring were used to identify their genotype by SSP-PCR.The plasma creatine kinase level was measured by biochemical analyzer and histological changes in the DKO mice were analyzed using HE staining.Human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells were prepared and injected into the DKO mice hindlimb muscle, and dystrophin expression was de-tected by immunofluorescence staining at 2 months after injection.Results Mating of heterozygous mice generated three kinds of genotype offsprings, and 21.2%of the offsprings were identified as DKO genotype (285 bp) .DKO mice showed dystrophic symptoms, their plasma creatine kinase level was as high as 16988.52 ±617.48 IU/L, and significant histologi-cal changes including diverse myocyte sizes, numerous centrally nucleated cells and connective tissue proliferation or in-flammatory cells infiltration.Human dystrophin expression was detected in the DKO mouse hindlimb muscle at two months after injection of human umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells.Conclusion DKO mouse genotype can be identified by SSP-PCR, and DKO mouse is an ideal animal model for studies of stem cell therapy for Duchenne muscular dystrophy.