ObjectiveTo study the necessity of treating prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc by active movement treatment. Methods68 patients with prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc were divided into the group of active movement treatment (31 cases) and the control group (37 cases). One year later, the recurrence rate and F wave motor nerve conduction velocity of two groups were compared. ResultsThere is a lower recurrence rate (P<0.05) and a faster F wave motor nerve conduction velocity (P<0.01) in the group of active movement treatment compared with the control group. F wave motor nerve conduction velocity of the group of active movement treatment is also faster than that of 1 year ago (P<0.001). Conclusions It is necessary for patients with prolapse of lumbar intervertebral disc doing active movement.

Animals ; Cell Proliferation ; drug effects ; Female ; Muscle, Smooth, Vascular ; cytology ; Myocytes, Smooth Muscle ; cytology ; drug effects ; Nitric Oxide ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Tamoxifen ; analogs & derivatives ; pharmacology

OBJECTIVEThe aim of the present study was to prepare uniform-sized silybin loaded poly (lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) microspheres in study of silybin with stainless steel membrane.

METHODSilybin PLGA microspheres were prepared by stainless steel membrane emulsification. The preparation conditions were optimized by single-factor test and orthogonal experiment, and evaluating the mean diameters, the particle size distribution, drug loading, entrapment efficiency and morphology of microsphere.

RESULTPrepared microspheres were round and surface was smooth. The mean diameter was (4.961 +/- 0.56) microm. The span was (1.75 +/- 0.18). The entrapment efficiency was (54.997 +/- 4.05)% and the average drug loading was (23.6 +/- 1.70)%.

CONCLUSIONThe stainless steel membrane emulsification can be used to prepare the silybin PLGA microspheres. The mean diameters of the silybin PLGA microspheres can be controlled in certain level. Stainless steel membrane emulsification has great potentiality exploitation and utilization.

Drug Compounding ; methods ; Emulsions ; chemistry ; Lactic Acid ; chemistry ; Microspheres ; Particle Size ; Polyglycolic Acid ; chemistry ; Silymarin ; chemistry ; Stainless Steel ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo compare the efficacy of two surgical techniques for controllong nasal width after Le Fort I osteotomy.

METHODSFifty-five patients who received the Le Fort I osteotomy have been included in this study. They were randomly divided into 2 groups. The experimental group received extraoral ABS, and the control group received traditional intraoral ABS. 3D photos of the patient's face were taken before operation and at postoperative 3 months. Alar width was measured on the 3D photos. Data was reported as means and standard deviations, and statistic analysis was done by using student t test.

RESULTSCompared with presurgical data, G. lat-G. lat increased by (2.66 +/- 1.47) mm, Al-Al increased by (2.20 +/- 1.22) mm and Sbal-Sbal increased by (1.30 +/- 1.33) mm in experimental group. G. lat-G. lat increased by (1.38 +/- 1.29) mm, Al-Al increased by (1.06 +/- 0.95) mm and Sbal-Sbal increased by (0.36 +/- 1.33) mm in the control group. There was significant difference between two groups.

CONCLUSIONSThe surgical technique of ABS is the most important factor for determining the postoperative alar width. Both techniques have better effect on the Sbal-Sbal width control than the G. lat-G. lat and Al-Al width control. Traditional intraoral ABS can more effectively control the alar width. Both techniques cannot completely control the alar base widening after Le Fort I osteotomy.

Face ; Humans ; Nose ; anatomy & histology ; Nose Deformities, Acquired ; surgery ; Osteotomy, Le Fort ; adverse effects ; Photography

Objective To investigate the levels of trace elements such as fluorine(F), and aluminium (Al)etc. of osteomalacia malformation children and to make etiological diagnosis in reference with clinical manifestations.Methods Urine and occipitalia hairs of 14 diseased children(patient group) from endemic fluorosis area and 13 healthy children(control group) from non-endemic area were included in the study on November, 2008, and contents of 10 elements of fluorine(F), aluminum(Al), chromium(Cr), manganese(Mn), ferrum(Fe), cuprum(Cu), zinc(Zn), arsenic (As), selenium(Se), strontium(Sr), and barium(Ba) were tested. The data were analyzed with medical soft package PEMS 3.1. Results Urinary contents of F, Al, Mn, Cu, Sr, and Se(1.18 mg/L, 112.6 μg/L,6.62,29.86 mg/L, 177.5,4.23 ng/L) in patient group were significantly different from those in control group (0.48,47.1,2.04,16.61 mg/L, 55.17,15.52 ng/L, t = 4.592,2.486,4.850,2.210 2.078,2.912, all P＜ 0.05); Hair contents of Al, Mn, As, Sr, Ba, Fe, and Se in patient group(59.27,5.26,0.96,1.50,1.29,297.13,0.45 mg/kg)were significantly different from those of control group( 18.69,0.72,1.09,0.62,0.68,69.02,1.323 mg/kg, t = 4.583,6.318,3.309,2.704,5.606,6.294, all P ＜ 0.05); in patient group, the correlation coefficients of urinary Fe to Al,Zn, As, and Se were all bigger tan 0.662(all P＜ 0.05), those of urinary Se to Mn, Ba, Cu, Zn, Sr, and As were all bigger than 0.694(all P＜ 0.05), those among urinary Mn, Sr, As, and Ba were bigger than 0.550(all P＜0.05), those of hair Al to Mn, Cr, Fe, and Cu were bigger than 0.732(all P＜ 0.05), those of hair Ba to Mn,Cr, Fe, and Sr, and of hair Mn to Cr and Fe, and those between Cr and As, between Cu and Sr were all bigger than 0.686 (all P ＜ 0.05). In control group, the correlation coefficients of urinary Cu to Zn, Se, and Ba, those of Zn to Se and Ba, and those of Cr to Mn and Ba were all bigger than 0.516(all P ＜ 0.05), those of hair Al to Mn,Fe, Cu, As, and Se, and those of hair Se to Fe, Cu, and As, those of hair Fe to Mn, Cu, and As, those of hair Cu to Zn and As, and that between Zn and As were bigger than 0.739(all P ＜ 0.05). The correlation coefficient of urinary F to Se in patient group(0.762) was significantly different from that in control group( - 0.469, u = 2.079,P ＜ 0.05). Conclusions The burden of F and Al of osteomalacia malformation children in endemic fluorosis area of Shuicheng county is too high. The contents of multi-elements in urine and hairs and their correlation are coincident with high levels of Al and F and they cause network increase of multi-element content changes and their correlation. According to bone X-ray features combining with the living environment, the diagnosis of endemic Al-F fluorosis can be made. The biological significance of reducing urinary and hair Se levels and the correlations of F and Al need to be further studied.

To study the effect of alpha1-acid glycoprotein 1 (ORM1) polymorphism on the concentration of free nortriptyline in serum, genotyping analysis was employed in ORM1 by sequencing. Eighteen unrelated male adults were chosen and given a single dose of 25 mg nortriptyline orally, then the blood samples were taken at 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, 24, 32, 48, 72, 96 and 168 hours after drug administration. Nortriptyline and 10-OH-nortriptyline in serum and ultrafiltrate were detected for the total and free concentration by using HPLC-MS/MS. Pharmacokinetic parameters were compared among different ORM1 genotypes. No significant differences were shown in the pharmacokinetic parameters of total nortriptyline and 10-OH-nortriptyline. The mean AUC(0-infinity) of free nortritpyline in ORM1 * F/ * F1 subjects was significantly higher than that in ORM1 * F1/ * S and ORM1 * S/ * S subjects [(119.1 +/- 74.4) ng x mL(-1) x h vs (51.4 +/- 23.2) ng x mL(-1) x h and (42.4 +/- 11.6) ng x mL(-1) x h]. The percentage of protein binding in subjects with ORM1 * F1/ * F1 genotype at 2, 3, 4, 6, 8 and 12 h after administration was slightly lower than in those with ORM1 * F1/ * S and ORM1 * S/ * S genotypes while the distinct difference was shown at 4 h (P < 0.05). Different ORM1 genotypes might affect the protein binding percentage and the concentration of serum free nortriptyline. The ability binding to the drug was higher in subjects with ORM1 * S/ * S genotype than in those with other two genotypes, so as to cause the lower concentration of free nortriptyline.
Adult ; Area Under Curve ; Genotype ; Humans ; Male ; Nortriptyline ; analogs & derivatives ; blood ; pharmacokinetics ; Orosomucoid ; genetics ; metabolism ; Polymorphism, Genetic ; Protein Binding

Objective To evaluate tension-free hernia Onlay repair with premuscular positioning of the prosthesis for the treatment of ineisional henia of the abdominal wall.Methods In this study 126 patients with incisional henia were treated with a tension-free manner of hernia repair by using synthetic material ONLAY between September 1999 and June 2007.Results All operations were successful.There was no hospital death or severe postoperative complications.The average age was 58.5 years old ranging from 28 to 89.There were 67 patients in which the abdominal defect ranged from 5～10 cm,and 59 patients with abdominal defect≥10 cm.The mean operating time was 95(70～120)min,and the average intraoperative blood loss was 80 ml(60～250 ml).The mean postoperative hospitalization was 14.5 days(10～28 d). Patients were followed-up from 3 to 96 months,and 3 patients suffered from hernia recurrence(2.38%). Conclusions The ONLAY repair of ineisional hernia of the abdominal wall with synthetic material mesh was a safe procedure,especially for those with large abdominal wall defects.

OBJECTIVETo study the application of distraction osteogenesis (DO) of the mandibular ramus in hemifacial microsomia.

METHODSFrom 1999 to 2006, 15 patients with hemifacial microsomia were treated with DO of the ramus, including 12 cases of children and juveniles, 3 cases of grown-ups. Maxillary Le Fort I osteotomy, unilateral sagittal split ramus osteotomy, genioplasty and free scapular flaps were selected to perform on the first or secondary stage of treatment.

RESULTSSuccessful distraction was achieved in all patients with an average distraction distance of 21.25 mm. The distractor was removed after consolidation proved by clinical examination and X-ray. Facial appearance and and occlusal relationship were improved greatly. The occlusal plane was almost normal. There was no infection, malunion or permanent injury of inferior alveolar nerve.

CONCLUSIONSDO of the ramus is very effective for the correction of severe hemifacial microsomia. It has much better therapeutic effect than traditional orthognathic procedures.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Facial Asymmetry ; surgery ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Mandible ; surgery ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; methods ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical effect of distraction osteogenesis for patients with mandibular micrognathia secondary to temporomandibular joint (TMJ) ankylosis.

METHODS43 patients (aged from 2 to 61 years old) with mandibular micrognathia were treated with mandibular distraction osteogenesis. Two types of mechanical distraction were utilized in this study. Ten patients (age ranged from 2 to 16-years-old, mean age 7.6 years old) with severe micrognathia underwent bilateral mandibular distraction with rigid external distraction (RED) device. Other 33 patients were treated with unilateral(6 cases) or bilateral (27 cases) mandibular distraction using internal distraction device. Distraction was started on the 4th to 8th day after operation and distraction rate was 0.25 mm every time, four times a day. Distractor was removed after 3 to 6 months of consolidation period.

RESULTSEighty sides of mandible in 43 patients were lengthened. The mean distraction distance was 23.2 mm (ranged from 14 to 35 mm). After distraction, the average posterior airway space (PAS) was enlarged from 4.9 mm to 10.4 mm and average angle of sella-nasion-point B (SNB) was increased from 64.2 degrees to 74.5 degrees. The apnea hypopnea index (AHI) was decrease significantly. The profile was improved and OSA was improved effectively in each patient. No complication occurred during treatment. No persistent numbness of lower lip was observed. All patients were satisfied with the results. After a mean follow-up period of 20.3 months(5 to 103 months) , the result was stable and no obvious relapse of micrognathia was observed.

CONCLUSIONSDistraction osteogenesis is an effective way in correction of mandibular micrognathia secondary to TMJ ankylosis. RED is a new method for treatment of children and adolescence with severe mandibular micrognathia. The procedure is simple and safe with stable result.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Ankylosis ; complications ; Child ; Child, Preschool ; Humans ; Mandible ; surgery ; Micrognathism ; etiology ; surgery ; Middle Aged ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; instrumentation ; methods ; Sleep Apnea, Obstructive ; surgery ; Temporomandibular Joint ; Temporomandibular Joint Disorders ; complications ; Young Adult

OBJECTIVETo discuss whether fibroblast-like cells can transform into osteoblasts under specific condition during distraction osteogenesis.

METHODSFibroblast-like cells were cultured in vitro. BMP-2, TGF-beta(1), BMP-2 and TGF-beta(1) were added into the medium, and the cellular change were observed by histochemistry and immunohistochemistry methods. The distraction was given on the membrane of fibroblast-like cells, and the cellular change were observed under the distraction.

RESULTSfibroblast-like cells from the joint could transform into osteoblasts under the effect of BMP-2 or BMP-2 with TGF-beta(1). Fibroblast-like cells from other regions could not transform into osteoblasts.

CONCLUSIONThe osteoblasts during distraction osteogenesis are multi-origin.

Animals ; Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2 ; pharmacology ; Cells, Cultured ; Fibroblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; Osteoblasts ; cytology ; drug effects ; Osteogenesis, Distraction ; Rabbits ; Transforming Growth Factor beta1 ; pharmacology