Animals ; Brain Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Cell Differentiation ; Cell Transformation, Neoplastic ; genetics ; Glioma ; genetics ; pathology ; Humans ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; pathology ; Neural Stem Cells ; pathology ; Neuroglia ; pathology ; Neurons ; pathology

This paper introduces a ultra-low frequency modulated low frequency pulse transcutaneous neuromuscalar electrical stimulator.Through clinical practices,it has shown very satisfactory results.

Objective: To investigate the expression of molecular marker ABCG2 of stem cells and tumor angiogenesis-related gene products including vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), CD34 and very late antigen alfa-2 (VLA-2α) in human glioma-bearing nude mice and observe the patterns of angiogenesis in transplanted tumors by CD34-PAS double staining. Methods: The human glioma cells were subcutaneously transplanted in 30 nude mice. Six normal brain tissues were as controls. The hematoxylin and eosin staining and immunohistochemical examination were performed to determine the positive rate and the hot-spot of gene product expression. The patterns of angiogenesis were observed under light microscope. Results: The positive rates of ABCG2, VEGF, and VLA-2α expression were all 100% in transplanted tumors. The average percentage of positive cells was (3. 93 ± 1. 438)%, (34. 84 ± 6.212)% (30.33 ± 4.428)%, respectively. The value of micro-vascular density (MVD) labeled by CD34 averaged at 29. 78 ± 5.88. All the three microcirculation patterns, endothelium-dependent vessels, mosaic vessels and vasculogenic mimicry, were present in xenografted human glioma tissue samples. Conclusions: The ABCG2-overexpressed cells tended to be located close to blood vessels. VEGF and VLA-2α play an important role in angiogenesis of transplanted tumors in nude mice. There exist three different microcirculation patterns in high malignant transplanted tumors.

Adult ; Aged ; Aged, 80 and over ; Female ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Multiple Myeloma ; blood ; diagnosis ; Phosphopyruvate Hydratase ; blood ; Prognosis

Animals ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; therapy ; China ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; therapeutic use ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Phytotherapy

Decision Making, Organizational ; Disasters ; Earthquakes ; Humans ; Public Health Practice ; Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic

A study was done to assess and compare the levels of infection control practices amongst Year 3, 4 and 5 undergraduate dental students at the Faculty of Dentistry, University of Malaya, Malaysia. This study also compared the levels of infection control practices between the operators and the assistants performing a similar task. A checklist was designed based on the Infection Control Guidelines published by the Faculty of Dentistry. The audit checklist criteria were specific to the operators and assistants or common to both. 10 pairs of students (operators and assistants) were randomly selected from Polyclinics A, B and C, representing Year 3, 4 and 5 students respectively (n=60). The subjects were audited as soon as they entered the clinic, during treatment and up until they exited the polyclinic. The data collected were analysed using SPSS and Rasch model. Year 3 students performed better infection control practices (1.43 logit) followed by Year 5 (0.96 logit) and Year 4 (0.94 logit) students. The operators in Year 5 and the assistants in Year 3 and 4 were more compliant to infection control practices. 100% of students complied with removal of gown before leaving the clinic. However, only 1.7% of dental students wore protective goggles or face shield during treatment and disinfected prostheses before and after inserting into patient’s mouth. Introduction and reinforcement of infection control practices should be incorporated at the beginning of each academic year for all students to allow for better practice and delivery of treatment to patients.
Students, Dental

BACKGROUND:Experiments have shown that the col agen substrate has the capability of stimulating cartilage generation, but the stimulating role of different types of col agen substrates remains controversial. OBJECTIVE:To investigate the effect of type I and type II col agen on the biological characteristics of human chondrocytes cultured in vitro. METHODS:Human chondrocytes at passage were cultured onto the ordinary culture plates (ordinary plate), type I col agen-coated culture plates (type I plate), and type II col agen-coated culture plates (type II plate). cellgrowth curves were determined by MTT method after cells were cultured for 10 days. By ELISA, PCR, and 1,9-dimethyl methyleneblue technology, type I and type II col agen and glycosaminoglycan contents were quantitatively detected in cartilage cells 28 days after culture. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The number of cartilage cells was the highest in type II plate, which was twice of that in type I plate and five times of that in ordinary plate. Cartilage cells in type II plate secreted the least amount of type I col agen, which showed significant differences compared with the ordinary plate (P<0.01) and had no statistical y significant difference with type I plate (P>0.01). Cartilage cells in type II plate secreted the most amount of type II col agen and glycosaminoglycan, showing significant differences compared with the other two plates (P<0.01). The cartilage cells cultured in col agen plates are better than that cultured in ordinary culture plate, type II col agen culture plate is better than type I col agen culture plate in maintaining cellshape, extending the dedifferentiation pattern, and promoting celldifferentiation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Female ; Hearing Loss, Sudden ; etiology ; psychology ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

Adult ; Carotid Body Tumor ; complications ; Female ; Glomus Jugulare Tumor ; complications ; Humans