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Objective To systematically review the efficacy of hypotensive resuscitation for traumatic-hemorrhagic shock.Methods Randomized controlled trails (RCTs) or quasi-Randomized controlled trails (qRCTs) were searched in Pubmed,Embase and the Corchrane Library from inception to August 2015.Two reviewers respectively picked out the useful data and performed quality evaluation.Metaanalysis was carried out with RevMan 5.3 software,risk ratio (RR) and its 95％ confidence interval (CI) were pooled to estimate the enumeration data,and GRADE 3.6.1 software was used to rate the level of evidence.Results The results of meta-analysis and GRADE rating system which included 4 studies showed that:compared with conventional resuscitation,hypotensive resuscitation was associated with lower total mortality [RR =0.77,95％ CI:0.62-0.95,P =0.01;n =984,GRADE rating:moderate],and 24-hour mortality [RR =0.47,95％ CI:0.24-0.91,P =0.03;n =281,GRADE rating:moderate],but the subgroup analysis of total mortality showed that there were no significant differences in mortality between the subgroup of blunt or penetrating trauma and the subgroup of penetrating trauma.Conclusions Hypotensive resuscitation reduced total mortality and 24-hour mortality,and the quality of the evidence was moderate.The future studies should do further research to explore the efficacy of hypotensive resuscitation for different types of trauma.

Objective To explore the expression of neutrophil adhesion molecule CD11b,and plasma level of elastase in patients with anaphylactoid purpura during different clinical phases and their correlation with disease activity.Methods A total of 20 patients with anaphylactoid purpura were recruited into this study,along with 20 normal human controls.Two blood samples were collected from each patients at the first visit(active phase)and after 3～5 weeks of treatment(remission phase).The expression of CD11b was measured by flow cytometry in 12 patients and normal controls,and plasma levels of elastase by ELISA in 20 patients and normal controls.Results Increased CD11b expression and elastase level were noted in patients in active phase compared with those in patients in remission phase(3367.25±434.57 vs 2569.33±411.06.13.98±2.05 vs 4.29±0.80.both P＜0.01).No significant difference was found in CD11b expression between patients in remission phase and normal controls(P＞0.05).while the elastase level was higher in patients in remission phase than in normal controls(4.29±0.80 vs 3.67±0.54.P＜0.05).In active phase of anaphylactoid purpura,the expression of CD11b was positively correlated with the plasma level of elastase(r=0.73,P＜0.01),while no correlation was noticed between them in remission phase(r=0.20,P=0.54).Conclusion Peripheral neutrophils are activated in anaphylactoid purpura,which seems to be more obvious in active phase than in remission phase.

Objective To investigate the mRNA expression of Fc gamma RⅡA(FcγR ⅡA)on polymorphonuclear neutrophils(PMN)from patients with Beh(c)et's disease(BD).Methods Twenty-five patients with active BD and 20 healthy human controls were included in this study.Blood samples were obtained from all patients with active BD before treatment,from 15 patients with inactive BD after treatment and from healthy controls.PMN were isolated.The FcγR Ⅱ A mRNA expression on PMNs was detected by RT-PCR,and plasma myeloperoxidase (MPO)activity which represented neutrophil activation,was measured spectrophotometricaily.Results The relative expression level of FcγR Ⅱ A on PMN and plasma MPO aetivity were 1.80 1±0.829 and 32±5 U/L.respectively,in patients with active BD,0.820±0.625 and 27±4 U/L,respectively,in those with inactive BD,and 0.745 ±0.931 and 29±5 U/L,respectively,in normal controls;the differences were significant in the two parameters between the patients with active and inactive BD (both P＜0.01),while no statistical difference was observed between inactive patients and normal human controls(P＞0.05).There was a positive eorrelation between the expression level of FcγR Ⅱ A on PMN and plasma MPO activity in patients with BD(r=0.39,P＜0.0 1).Conclusions The mRNA expression of FcγR ⅡA on neutrophils is up-regulated in patients with active BD.It is likely that FcγR Ⅱ A is involved in the activation of neutrophils in BD.

Objective To explore the effect of therapeutic hypothermia on the activation of inflammasome in the lung tissue of rats with hemorrhagic shock (HS).Methods Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly (random number) divided into three groups:sham group,normothermia resuscitation (NR) group and hypothermia resuscitation (HR) group.Rats of each group were subjected to pressure-controlled (MAP 40 mmHg) HS for 1 h,then the NR group and the HR group were resuscitated with lactated Ringer and MAP was maintained at 90 mmHg for 1 h.Four hours later,the rats in each group were sacrificed by exsanguination.Hematoxylin eosin staining was used to observe the injury of lung tissue.The desiccation method was used to detect the edema of lung tissue.RT-PCR and western blot were employed to evaluate the mRNA and protein expression of NLRP-3,IL-1β,caspase-1.Analysis of variance was used for comparison among groups,and SNK-q test was used for comparison between two groups.Results (1) The injury of lung tissue in HR group was significantly milder than that in NR group;(2) Wet/dry (W/D) weight ratio of lung in HR group decrease compared with NR group [HR group 5.85 ± 0.102;NR group 6.471 ± 0.165 8 (t =3.14,P ＜ 0.05)];(3) NLRP-3 and of Caspase-1 protein expression in the HR group were lower than those in NR group.(4) The NLRP-3 mRNA expression in HR group was lower compared with NR group [(HR group 1.027 ± 0.143;NR group 1.3487 ± 0.163 (t =4.36,P ＜ 0.05)] and IL-1 mRNA expression in HR group was lower compared with NR group [HR group 162.3 ± 0.125;NR group 2.388 ± 0.229 (t =7.72,P ＜ 0.05)].Conclusions Therapeutic hypothermia attenuated ALI induced by HS in rats by modulation of signal way of inflammasome.

Objective To survey the resistance profile of clinical isolates to antibiotics across the hospitals in Dongguan,Guangdong Province during 2015.Methods Kirby-Bauer method or automated system was used to test the susceptibility of clinical isolates to selected antimicrobial agents.Results were analyzed according to CLSI 2015 breakpoints.The susceptibility data were analyzed using WHONET 5.6 software.Results A total of 29 665 strains of microorganisms were isolated,of which gram positive cocci accounted for 32.1％ (9 509/29 665) and gram negative bacilli accounted for 67.9％ (20 156/29 665),respectively.The prevalence of methicillinresistant Staphylococcus was 23.3％ (705/3 024) in S.aureus and 43.6％ (1 054/2 419) in coagulase-negative Staphylococcus.No vancomycin-resistant staphylococcal strain was found.ESBLs-producing strains accounted for 36.4％ (2 554/7 020) in E.coli and 24.5％(792/3 227) in Klebsiella isolates.The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Enterobacteriaceae was 0.2％ (30/13 077).The prevalence of carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa (CRPA) and carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB) was 16.0％ (500/3 116) and 53.9％ (827/1 533),respectively.The prevalence of penicillin-resistant S.pneumoniae (PRSP) strains was 10.1％ (142/1 404).Beta-lactamase was produced in 30.6％ (276/902) of the H.influenzae strains.The prevalence of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus (VRE) strains was 0.7％ (10/1 441).Conclusions Periodic surveillance of antimicrobial resistance is valuable for rational antimicrobial therapy,formulation of treatment guidelines and infection control and prevention measures,as well as preventing the spread of drug-resistant strains.

Objective To investigate the antimicrobial resistance profile of clinical isolates in Dongguan Tungwah Hospital during 2016.Methods Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carded out for the clinical isolates collected from Dongguan Tungwah Hospital according to a unified protocol using Kirby-Bauer method or automated systems.Result were analyzed according to CLSI 2016 breakpoints.Results Of the 3 482 clinical isolates,gram positive cocci and gram negative bacilli accounted for 34.4％ (1 199/3 482) and 65.6％ (2 283/3 482),respectively.The prevalence of methicillin-resistant strains was in 28.7％ (86/300) in S.aureus and 77.7％ (300/386) in coagulase-negative Staphylococcus isolates.No staphylococcal strains were found resistant to vancomycin or linezolid.Overall,one E.faecium strain was identified as resistant to vancomycin by instrument method and confirmed by vancomycin E test.The prevalence of ESBLs-producing strains was 59.6％ (337/565) in E.coli and 29.8％ (115/386) in Klebsiella spp.(K.pneumoniae and K.oxytoca).Enterobacteriaceae strains were still highly susceptible to carbapenems.Overall,0.4％ and 0.2％ of the Enterobacteriaceae strains were resistant to imipenem and meropenem,respectively.About 38.3％ and 36.9％ of Acinetobacter strains were resistant to imipenem and meropenem,respectively.Conclusions Surveillance of antimicrobial resistance is most important and valuable for understanding the changing resistant pattern in local hospital and rational selection of antimicrobial agents.More attention should be paid to surveillance of antimicrobial resistance to avoid the spread of drug resistant strains.