Objective: To analyze the causes of death in Keqiao District, Shaoxing City in 2020, so as to provide the evidence for formulating the disease control strategy. Methods: The dead cases' gender, age and causes of death in Keqiao District, 2020, were collected from Shaoxing Municipal Public Health Information System, and the mortality was estimated and standardized by the 2020 Chinese standard population. The gender- and age-specific mortality and distribution of causes of death were analyzed, and the years of potential life lost (YPLL), average years of potential life lost per death (AYLL) and YPLL rate (YPLLR) were calculated to evaluate the life lost. Results: The crude and standardized mortality rates of registered residents in Keqiao District were 636.97/105 and 494.72/105, respectively. The crude and standardized mortality rates were 712.67/105 and 512.23/105 in men and 564.75/105 and 473.25/105 in women, and a higher mortality rate was seen in men than in women (χ2=59.628, P<0.001). The mortality reduced and then increased with age, and peaked among residents at ages of 85 years and older (13 910.90/105). Chronic disease was the main cause of death, accounting for 85.60% of all causes of death and showing a mortality rate of 545.27/105. Cancer, cardiopathy, cerebrovascular disease, injury and poisoning, and respiratory diseases were the five leading causes of death, and lung cancer, gastric cancer, colorectal cancer, liver cancer and pancreatic cancer were the five leading causes of cancer-related mortality. The highest YPLL was caused by cancers (13 015.00 person-years), with a YPLLR of 1.88%, and the highest AYLL was caused by injury and poisoning (10.37 years). Conclusion Chronic non-communicable diseases, such as cancer and cardio-cerebrovascular diseases, were main causes of death among residents in Keqiao District in 2020. The management of chronic diseases requires to be reinforced to improve the quality of life.