Objective To investigate the infection of HPV subtypes in male urethra in Xi'an area.Methods The eighteen subtypes of HPV DNA were detected in 478 cases of male patients by PCR-reverse dot hybridization assay (RDB) including low risk subtypes (HPV6,11,43) and high risk subtypes (HPV16,18,31,33) during 2015～2016.Results The total infection rate of HPV subtypes in 478 subjects was 44.97％ (215/478).The percents of subjects infected by one subtype,two ones,three ones,four ones and five ones were 32.85％ (157/478),8.79％ (42/478),2.09％ (10/478),0.42％ (2/478) and 0.84％ (4/478),respectively.The detection rates of low risk subtypes and high risk ones were 40.17％ and 22.38％ in which the most common subtypes were HPV6 (24.69％),HPV11 (12.13％),HPV16 (5.65％),HPV43 (3.35％) and HPV52 (2.30％) and those of others were from 0％ to 2.09％.The infection pattern of HPV subtypes gave priority to one subtype infection in all age groups.There was statistically different between H PVs (6,11,16,43,52,66) in twenty years or older subjects (x2 =12.879～109.7,P=0.000～0.025).Conclusion The majority of HPV subtypes detected in male urethra were HPV6,HPV11,HPV16,HPV43 and HPV52 in Xi'an area which provided epidemiological data for HPV infection in males.

The effects of glutamate transporters on synaptic plasticity in rat models of pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus were investigated. Male Wista rats ((304.06?13.79) g) were randomly divided into 5 groups, short-term seizures (SE) and its control (SC), long-term seizures (LE) and its control(LC), normal control (Sham) groups. Epilepsy rat models were induced by injection of pilocarpine(25 mg/kg, i.d.). Glutamate transporter inhibitor, DL-threo-benzyloxyaspartate (TBOA, 7.5 nmol,1 ?l) was microinjected into right side of hippocampus after 14 days of initial status epilepticus in SE and LE groups. The same volumes of artificial cerebrospinal fluid were injected into same side of hippocampus in SC and LC groups. Electroencephalographys (EEG) were detected in SE and SC groups after 2 h of drug injection. Long term potential (LTP) at perforant pathway and dentate gyrus(PP-DG) and EEG were recorded in LE and LC groups after two weeks of drug injection. Example of Fluoro-Jade-B staining in the rat brain was made at the end of electrophysiological experiment. The results showed that there was a significant decrease in theta band power of EEG in SE group compared with that of SC group (P 0.05). The slope of excitatory postsynaptic potential (EPSP) was significantly increased in LE group compared with that of LC group (P

A growing number of children and adolescents are being diagnosed as Chiari malformation type Ⅰ (CM-Ⅰ) for behavioral disorders,developmental delay,seizures,or abnormal orpharyngeal function.The aim of this study was to compare the clinical characteristics,imaging findings and surgical outcomes of CM-Ⅰ in pediatric and adult patients.Between January 2014 and June 2017,84 patients with CM-Ⅰ underwent surgical treatment in our department.We divided the patients into two groups:pediatric group (n=1 1,age ＜18 years)and adult group (n=73,age ≥18 years).Data on clinical characteristics,imaging findings,surgical outcomes,and prognosis were retrospectively reviewed and compared between these two groups.For clinical presentation,scoliosis (36.4％) and developmental delay (36.4％) were more common in pediatric patients,whereas,sensory disturbance (58.9％) and motor weakness (41.1％) were more common in adult patients.Imaging findings showed that the incidence of hydrocephalus and craniovertebral junctional abnormalities was significantly higher in pediatric group than in adult group (P＜0.05).Compared to adult group,pediatric group showed a better improvement or resolution of syrinx and tonsillar herniation after surgical treatments (P＜0.05).The total Chicago Chiari Outcome Scale (CCOS) score in pediatric patients at the last follow-up was significantly higher than that in adult patients (P=0.002).In conclusion,the clinical characteristics and imaging findings appeared to be different in pediatric and adult patients with CM-Ⅰ.The surgical outcomes of pediatric patients were shown to be significantly better than those of adult patients.

Objective To evaluate the diagnostic and therapeutic effect of endoscopy on pharyngeal papillomas. Methods Data of patients with pharyngeal papillomas diagnosed and treated by endoscopy be?tween March 2009 and December 2014 were analyzed retrospectively, including dissection, treatment and follow?up results. Results The rate of endoscopic diagnosis of pharyngeal papillomas was 0?9%( 65/6 927) . Endoscopic biopsy forceps resection was performed successfully in 54 patients. Other patients ( n=11) were treated by endoscopic snare resection. There was hemorrhage of different degrees after resec?tion. Argon hemostasis was used in 6 patients for errhysis after resection. Supportive treatment was not given and no severe hemorrhage or death was seen. A total of 41 patients were followed up and endoscopic examina?tion was performed 2 months later. Pharyngeal papillomas were found again at the same site in two patients and endoscopic biopsy forceps resection was performed. Pharyngeal papillomas were not found in these two patients in the next endoscopic examination. Conclusion Endoscopy is a safe and effective diagnosis and treatment method for pharyngeal papillomas.

BACKGROUND: Auditory evoked potential P50 (AEP-P50) is a cerebroeilectrophysiological index to directly reflect normal inhibitory function of brain.OBJECTIVE: To observe the changes of AEP-P50 of sensory gating (SG)in model rats with Alzheimer disease (AD).DESIGN: Randomized controlled animal study.SETTING: Neuroscience Institute of Kunming Medical College.MATERIALS: A total of 24 healthy female SD rats, aged 4-6 months,weighing 200-300 g, were randomly divided into experimental group, control group and normal group with 8 in each group. Morris water maze was consisted of round pool and lucite plant. Pool was divided into platform,left, right and bilateral quadrants. METHODS: The experiment was carried out in the Neuroscience Institute of Kunming Medical College from September 2003 to March 2005. ① Experimental group: Bilateral fimbria-fornix was transected to induce AD models; control group: Except fimbria-fornix, cortex and callus were transected; normal group: Rats were not treated with any operation. ② One week after modeling, all rats were tested with Morris water maze which contained localizing navigational ability and spatial seeking ability in order to determine successful models. Each rat was trained 4 times a day for successive 5 days. The duration from putting in pool to finding out platform was regarded as the escape latency (EL) which could reflect localizing navigational ability. Swimming trace of rats which searched platform within 1 minute could reflect spatial seeking ability. ③ AEP-P50 was recorded with "condition (C)-test (T)" auditory double clicks stimuli, additionally,differences of AEP-P50 among the three groups were compared at the same time. C-P50 amplitude, T-P50 amplitude, T/C and absolute value of difference of S2-S1 amplitude were calculated. Measurement data were compared with one-way analysis of variance among groups and with t test intergroup.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Morris water maze, I.e., comparison between localizing navigational ability a nd spatial seeking ability; ② comparison of AEP-P50 of rats among three groups.RESULTS: All 24 rats were involved in the fin al analysis. ① results of Morris water maze: With increase of training time, mean latency was shortened. The latency was decreased in the first 3 days and then stabilized gradually. Latency in experimental group was longer than that in normal group and control group (P ＜ 0.05). Swimming traces in normal group and control group were located at platform quadrant, and they were accounted for 45.23% and 39.7% of total quadrant, respectively. There was significant difference as compared with other quadrants (P ＜ 0.01). Swimming traces of rats in experimental group were accounted for 28.31%, 29.84%,20.47% and 21.38% in platform, right, bilateral and left quadrants, respectively; however, there was not significant difference (P ＞ 0.05). Swimming trace was randomly located in four quadrants. ② Results of AEP-P50 of SG: C-P50 amplitude and absolute value of difference of S2-S1 amplitude were (21.00±2.85), (15.26±4.07) μV in control group and (17.04±5.32), (10.85 ±4.24) μV in normal group, which were obviously higher than those in experimental group [(9.67±3.77), (2.89±2.61) μV, P ＜ 0.01].T-P50 amplitude and C-P50 amplitude were 0.25±0.18 in control group and 0.39±0.16 in normal group, which were lower than those in experimental group (0.92±0.41, P ＜ 0.01).CONCLUSION: ① Transection of bilateral fimbria-fornix can be used to establish AD animal models successfully. ② AD model rats whose bilateral fimbria-fornix is transected have deficiency of SG.

Objective To compare the formation and evolution of left ventricular flow between the patients with the bileaflet artificial mechanical mitral valve and normal adult using vector flow mapping (VFM). Methods Thirty healthy controls and 30 severe mitral stenosis patients with bileaflet prosthesis mitral valve were involved. The left ventricular flow and the vortex description parameters were comparatively studied between two groups. Results Two small symmetric rotating vortexes and a big counter-clockwise rotating vortex appeared alternately in the left ventricular through cardiac cycle with control group. In case group,only large vortex could be seen in the mid-late diastolic and maximum vector velocity was faster than that in control group in statistics( P <0. 05). Especially the postoperative direction of blood flow was clockwise shif ting from the interventricular septum to the posterior and lateral left ventricular wall inversely to control group. Conclusions VFM can show the complex vortex flow patterns in left ventricular in the patients with bileaflet prosthesis mitral valve preliminarily and may be useful to assess and improve the function of prosthesis valve in future.

OBJECTIVE: To determine the sensitivity of cetuximab induced apoptosis in laryngeal squamous carcinoma cells Hep-2, and to evaluate the synergistic killing effects and regulation mechanism of cetuximab alone or cetuximab in combination with chemotherapeutic agents (cisplatin) or radiation means on Hep-2 cells. METHOD: To investigate the cytotoxicities of cetuximab, cisplatin and radiation, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay was used for the detection of cell growth inhibition ratio, and fluorescence activated cell sorter FACS for the apoptotic rate and cell cycle distribution. RESULT: Cetuximab had inhibitive effect on Hep-2 cells within a certain range of concentration in a time- and dose-dependence manner. The inhibition concentration 50% (IC50) of cetuximab on Hep-2 cells for 24 h was 1 036.84 microg/ml. For application of cisplatin and radiation, the apoptotic rate of Hep-2 cell was higher by combining with cetuximab than their single or combined administration. Moreover, the cell cycle arrested at G0/G1 phase. CONCLUSION Laryngeal cancer Hep-2 cells was sensitive to the cetuximab induced apoptosis. Cetuximab combined with cisplatin and/or radiation can increase the antiproliferative effects on Hep-2 cells. These findings suggest the synergistic combination of cetuximab and cytotoxic agents was sequence depended.
Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cetuximab ; Cisplatin ; pharmacology ; Combined Modality Therapy ; Humans

OBJECTIVE: To determine an approach enriching cancer stem cells from laryngeal cancer cell line. To investigate whether laryngeal cancer stem cells in chemoradiotherapy have the characteristic of resistance. METHOD: CD133+ cells and CD133- cells was detected and isolated from Hep-2 cell line by fluorescence activated cell sorting technology. The cytotoxicities of cisplatin and radiation were investigated by cell counting kit-8(CCK-8) assay. The apoptosis and cell cycle was analyzed with flow cytometry. RESULT: CD133+ cells accounted for a fraction of (2.43 +/- 0.77)% in Hep-2 cell line. CD133+ cells have a more obvious characteristics of cancer stem cells. Different cisplatin and radiation concentrations of for two cell have inhibition, in a certain concentration range and the dosage dependence. Cisplatin and radiation had synergistic inhibitory effects with CD133- cells on the growth of two cell. Moreover, cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and more apoptosis was induced by synergistic combination. Different concentrations of cetuximab for Hep-2 cells have inhibition, in a certain concentration range and time and the dosage dependence. The half maxial inhibitory concentration (IC50) of cetuximab to Hep-2 cells on 24 h was 1 036.84 microg/L. Cisplatin and radiation had synergistic inhibitory effects with cetuximab on the growth of Hep-2 cell line. Moreover, cell cycle arrest at G0/G1 phase and more apoptosis was induced by synergistic combination. CONCLUSION Compared with CD133- cells, CD133+ cells subpopulation exhibited extraordinary cancer stem.
AC133 Antigen ; Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized ; pharmacology ; Antigens, CD ; analysis ; Antineoplastic Agents ; pharmacology ; Apoptosis ; Cell Cycle ; Cell Line, Tumor ; Cetuximab ; Chemoradiotherapy ; Cisplatin ; pharmacology ; Drug Resistance, Neoplasm ; Flow Cytometry ; Glycoproteins ; analysis ; Humans ; Laryngeal Neoplasms ; therapy ; Neoplastic Stem Cells ; drug effects ; radiation effects ; Peptides ; analysis ; Radiation Tolerance

Objective To explore the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of echocardiography parameters ,and the diagnostic value of multiple parameters score . Methods Forty‐nine cases of the fetus checked by fetal echocardiography and were indicated aortic coarctation . According to the results of follow‐up ,the cases were divided into the positive and negative groups . Comprehensive analysis were performed in fetal echocardiography parameters ,such as diameter ratio and velocity ratio of ventricle ,aorta ,pulmonary artery ,ductus artery ,middle cerebral artery and umbilical artery . Results Diameter ratio of left ventricle/right ventricle ( LV/RV ) ,pulmonary artery/aorta ( PA/AO ) ,aortic isthmus/ductus artery ( AI/DA ) ,and velocity ratioof middle cerebral artery/inner umbilical artery ( MCA/inUA ) were calculated ,ROC curve showed their area under ROC were>0 .5 with a significant statistical significance ( P < 0 .05) . The Chi‐square test showed that the consistency of any single ratio was relatively low . When the number of the ratiois increased to 3-4 ,the Kappa value was 0 .687( P = 0 .000) and 0 .649( P = 0 .000) ,respectively , which had relatively high diagnostic value . Conclusions Ultrasonic diagnosis of fetal coarctation of aorta has certain difficulty ,and the value of single hemodynamic parameter of fetal echocardiography in diagnosis of fetal aortic coarctation is lower ,so that the comprehensive evaluation and combined multiple ultrasonic parameters can improve the sensitivity and specificity of ultrasound diagnosis .

Objective To investigate the regional left ventricular function after mitral valve replacement with and without chordal preservation by strain rate imaging. Methods A total of 55 patients undergoing mitral valve replacement were enrolled. Twenty underwent complete excision of the subvalvular apparatus (group A), 20 preserved the posterior chordopapillary apparatus only (group B) and the other 15 underwent total chordal preservation (group C). Systolic peak strain rate (SRs) were measured preoperatively, at 7-10 days and 3 months after operation. Results Before operation, SRs had no differences between different segments of the left ventricular in each group (F=0.37, 0.74, 0.90, all P>0.05). At 7-10 days after operation, SRs in the most segments of left ventricular were signiifcantly lower than those of before operation (F=3.91, 8.12, 7.57, all P<0.05). At 3 months after operation, SRs in some segments of left ventricular were signiifcantly higher than those of preoperation in each group (t=2.12, 3.19, 3.25, 2.08, 2.78, 4.79, 2.81, 2.58, 2.87, 1.60, 0.34, 1.04, 0.73, 0.70, 1.68, all P<0.05). SRs had no signiifcant differences between each segment of left ventricular in group C (F=1.76, P>0.05). By contrast, SRs in some segments of left ventricular were different from those of other segments in group A and group B (F=17.8, 8.52, both P<0.05). Conclusion Comparing to conventional mitral valve replacement and mitral valve replacement with preservation of posterior subvalvular apparatus, mitral valve replacement with preservation of total subvalvular apparatus makes the papiltary function preserved completely, which are beneifcial for the motor coordination of left ventricular wall and the recovery of regional left ventricular function.