To evaluate the effect of problem based learning(PBL)in clinical education of pacemaker implanting,30 postgraduates of clinical medicine were arranged into the PBL education group and 60 into the traditional education group.The results showed that the scores of theory and clinical skill of the PBL group were significantly better than those of the traditional education group. It also showed that PBL teaching method is more helpful and more effective than traditional education in clinical education of pacemaker installing.

Objective To observe the effect of penetrating electro-acupuncture at scalp-acupoints on the motor function and oxidative stress action of mice with Parkinson's disease (PD).Methods Mouse model of PD was established by 5-day intraperitoneal injection of 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP,30 mg/kg),and then PD mice were given electro-acupuncture set at different parameters.The effect of the electroacupuncture on the behavior and expression of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) of mice were observed to screen out the appropriate treatment parameters.Healthy C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into blank group,model group,positive group (madopar,6.25 mg/kg) and electro-acupuncture group.The mice except for blank group were given intraperitoneal injection of MPTP to induce PD,and then the PD mice of positive group and electroacupuncture group were treated with madopar(6.25 mg/kg) and electro-acupuncture respectively from the 6th day for 7 continuous days.Behavioral test was carried out on the 5~ modeling day and on the Th electro-acupuncture treatment day to evaluate the motor function of the mice.After the mice were killed and their brains were isolated,mitochondrial complex Ⅰ ～Ⅳ activities,reactive oxygen species(ROS) level,malondialdehyde (MDA) content,and total activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) in the cerebral mitochondria were determined to evaluate the effect of electro-acupuncture at acupoints on anti-oxidative stress of PD mice.Results The motor function of PD mice was improved,the activity of mitochondrial complex Ⅰ was increased,the contents of ROS and MDA in cerebral mitochondria were decreased,and the activity of SOD was increased in the electro-acupuncture group,the differences being significant compared with those of the model group (P ＜ 0.05 or P ＜ 0.01).Conclusion Penetrating electro-acupuncture at scalp-acupoints can increase the anti-oxidative ability of the cerebral mitochondria and improve the motor function of PD mice.

BACKGROUND: Changes in extracellular of chondrocyte can reflect influence of external force on temporomandibular joint and adaptability of body to external force. OBJECTIVE: To study the effect of cyclic tensile stress on main extracellular matrix of condylar chondrocyte.METHODS: The cyclic tensile stress was exposed to the third passage condylar chondrocyte for 0, 1, 6, 12 and 24 hours, respectively, using a Flexcell Strain Unit-5000T system (10% surface elongation, 6 cycles/min). After mechanical loading, total RNA was extracted from the cells harvested from Six-well BioFlex flexible cell Petri Dish, reverse transcribed, and reverse trabscription-PCR was performed to quantify mRNA levels for type Ⅱ collagen and aggrecan.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: Compared with the control group (0 hour group), both type Ⅱ collagen and aggrecan mRNA expression was significantly increased after loading for 6 hours (P < 0.05), but began to decrease since 12 hours, and significantly decreased at 24 hours (P < 0.05). Results showed that cyclical tensile stress stimuli can affect the synthesis of main extracellular matrix of condylar cartilage, i.e. the synthesis was gradually enhanced with prolonged stimulation duration, but significantly inhibited in response to further stress stimuli.

Objective To evaluate the clinical diagnostic value of 64-slice computed tomography coronary angiography (CTCA) for the detection of significant coronary artery stenosis ( ≥50% lumen reduction). Methods We enrolled 61 patients (47 male, 14 female; mean age 62.8 ± 9.7 years) with suspected coronary artery disease into the study and performed selective coronary angiography (SCA) within 2 weeks after CTCA examination. Results One patient was excluded from the analysis because of unsuccessful CTCA evaluation as a result of severe coronary artery calcification in 4 vessels. 240 vessels of remaining 60 patients were achieved good coronary artery imaging by CTCA. Sensitivity,specificity and positive and negative predictive value of CTCA for detecting significant coronary artery sternosis on a per-vessel basis were 90.0 % ,91.9% ,84. 7% and 94.8% ,respectively. Conclusions Our data indicated that 64-slice CTCA is a noninvasive method to reliably rule out significant coronary sternosis with high diagnostic value in negative prediction.

BACKGROUND: Because of complicated physiological environment and difficulty to control experimental conditions, it is difficult to get satisfactory results from in vivo studies of cell mechanics.OBJECTIVE: To study the action and mechanism of p38MAPK signaling pathways on myoblast apoptosis based on successful construction of in vitro mechanical stimulation models.METHODS: The C2C12 cells cultured in vitro were divided into control group and SB203580 treatment group. Cyclic tensile stress was applied on the C2C12 myoblast cells for 0, 6, 12 and 24 hours in each group. The Flexcell Strain Unit-5000T was used to expose C2C12 myoblast cell to an equiaxial cyclic of 15% magnitude and a frequency of 10 cycles/min, each cycle including the 3 s stretch and 3 s relaxation. Hoechst 33258 fluorescent staining and optical microscope were used to detect cell apoptosis. RT-PCR, flow cytometric analysis were used to observe the apoptosis of C2C12 myoblast cells and Western blotting were used to detect the activity of p38MAPK and p-p38MAPK. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The optical microscope tested the change in the morphology. Hoechst 33258 staining showed that after treatment with cyclic stress, the cell took the typical appearance of apoptosis with chromatin condensation and apoptotic bodies. RT-PCR and flow cytometry showed that with the extension of time the rate of the apoptosis of C2C12 myoblast cell increased. And cells imposed SB203580 before imposing cyclical tensile stress, the results showed that the apoptosis was markedly affected, and the p-p38MAPK expression declined apparently. These findings demonstrate that p38MAPK signaling pathways in stress mediated into C2C12 myoblast cell apoptosis plays an important role.

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the expression of FBXW7 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) and to explore the correlation of FBXW7 expression with clinicopathologic features and prognosis of ESCC.

METHODSNinety cases of ESCC and twenty cases of tumor-adjacent normal tissues and forty intraepithelial neoplasia tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry methods. The expression of FBXW7 in 40 surgical ESCC tissues and tumor-adjacent normal tissues was detected by Western blotting and RT-PCR. The relationship between the expression of FBXW7, clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis was analyzed.

RESULTSThe positive rate of FBXW7 protein was significantly lower in the ESCC and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia tissues than in the tumor-adjacent normal tissues and low grade intraepithelial neoplasia tissues (40.0% and 33.3% vs. 85.0% and 77.3%, χ² = 21.923, P < 0.001). The FBXW7 protein was down-regulated in ESCC tissues (P < 0.05), whereas the FBXW7 mRNA was down-regulated in ESCC tissues compared with that in the paracancerous tissues. The expression of FBXW7 was significantly correlated with TNM stage, degree of differentiation, invasion depth and lymph node metastasis (χ² =9.643, 14.908, 16.294, 10.222, respectively, P = 0.002, 0.001, 0.000, 0.001). In the ninety patients, the 5-year survival rates of cases with positive and negative expression of FBXW7 protein was 67.6% and 39.3%, respectively (χ² =6.699, P = 0.01).

CONCLUSIONSThe results of this study demonstrate that FBXW7 expression is significantly declined in ESCC and high grade intraepithelial neoplasia tissues, and is closely correlated with poor prognosis of this disease. FBXW7 as a tumor suppressor gene may play an important role in the carcinogenesis, development and metastasis of ESCC. These results suggest that FBXW7 may become a valuable marker for the severity and prognosis in ESCC.

Biomarkers, Tumor ; metabolism ; Blotting, Western ; Carcinoma, Squamous Cell ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; Cell Cycle Proteins ; genetics ; Down-Regulation ; Esophageal Neoplasms ; diagnosis ; metabolism ; F-Box Proteins ; genetics ; F-Box-WD Repeat-Containing Protein 7 ; Humans ; Immunohistochemistry ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Staging ; Prognosis ; RNA, Messenger ; Survival Rate ; Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases ; genetics

Objective To evaluate the expression of FBXW7 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma ( ESCC) and to explore the correlation of FBXW7 expression with clinicopathologic features and prognosis of ESCC.Methods Ninety cases of ESCC and twenty cases of tumor-adjacent normal tissues and forty intraepithelial neoplasia tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry methods.The expression of FBXW7 in 40 surgical ESCC tissues and tumor-adjacent normal tissues was detected by Western blotting and RT-PCR.The relationship between the expression of FBXW7, clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis was analyzed.Results The positive rate of FBXW7 protein was significantly lower in the ESCC and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia tissues than in the tumor-adjacent normal tissues and low grade intraepithelial neoplasia tissues (40.0%and 33.3%vs.85.0%and 77.3%, χ2=21.923, P<0.001) .The FBXW7 protein was down-regulated in ESCC tissues ( P<0.05) , whereas the FBXW7 mRNA was down-regulated in ESCC tissues compared with that in the paracancerous tissues.The expression of FBXW7 was significantly correlated with TNM stage, degree of differentiation, invasion depth and lymph node metastasis (χ2=9.643, 14.908, 16.294, 10.222, respectively, P=0.002, 0.001, 0.000, 0.001).In the ninety patients, the 5-year survival rates of cases with positive and negative expression of FBXW7 protein was 67.6%and 39.3%, respectively (χ2=6.699, P=0.01) .Conclusions The results of this study demonstrate that FBXW7 expression is significantly declined in ESCC and high grade intraepithelial neoplasia tissues, and is closely correlated with poor prognosis of this disease.FBXW7 as a tumor suppressor gene may play an important role in the carcinogenesis,development and metastasis of ESCC .These results suggest that FBXW7 may become a valuable marker for the severity and prognosis in ESCC.

Objective To evaluate the expression of FBXW7 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma ( ESCC) and to explore the correlation of FBXW7 expression with clinicopathologic features and prognosis of ESCC.Methods Ninety cases of ESCC and twenty cases of tumor-adjacent normal tissues and forty intraepithelial neoplasia tissues were detected by immunohistochemistry methods.The expression of FBXW7 in 40 surgical ESCC tissues and tumor-adjacent normal tissues was detected by Western blotting and RT-PCR.The relationship between the expression of FBXW7, clinicopathological characteristics and prognosis was analyzed.Results The positive rate of FBXW7 protein was significantly lower in the ESCC and high-grade intraepithelial neoplasia tissues than in the tumor-adjacent normal tissues and low grade intraepithelial neoplasia tissues (40.0%and 33.3%vs.85.0%and 77.3%, χ2=21.923, P<0.001) .The FBXW7 protein was down-regulated in ESCC tissues ( P<0.05) , whereas the FBXW7 mRNA was down-regulated in ESCC tissues compared with that in the paracancerous tissues.The expression of FBXW7 was significantly correlated with TNM stage, degree of differentiation, invasion depth and lymph node metastasis (χ2=9.643, 14.908, 16.294, 10.222, respectively, P=0.002, 0.001, 0.000, 0.001).In the ninety patients, the 5-year survival rates of cases with positive and negative expression of FBXW7 protein was 67.6%and 39.3%, respectively (χ2=6.699, P=0.01) .Conclusions The results of this study demonstrate that FBXW7 expression is significantly declined in ESCC and high grade intraepithelial neoplasia tissues, and is closely correlated with poor prognosis of this disease.FBXW7 as a tumor suppressor gene may play an important role in the carcinogenesis,development and metastasis of ESCC .These results suggest that FBXW7 may become a valuable marker for the severity and prognosis in ESCC.