DNA Methylation ; Humans ; Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases ; genetics ; metabolism

Objective To investigate the influence of albumin on the expression of angiotensin-eonverting enzyme (ACE) in cultured human proximal tubular ceils (HK-2). Methods HK-2 cells were exposed to 2.5, 5, 10 g/L bovine serum albumin (BSA) for 6 h and 12 h respectively. The expression of ACE in HK-2 cells was detected by real-time RT-PCR and Western blot. Results Compared to the control group, the expression of HK-2 cells ACE mRNA treated for 12 h with different concentrations of BSA (2.5, 5, 10 g/L) significantly increased (P

Objective To investigate the influence of Cordyceps polysaceharide (Cp) on epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) induced by transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)in proximal tubular epithelial cells (PTEC). Methods HK-2 cell proliferation was determined by MTT assay. After incubation of HK2 cells with increasing concentrations of TGF-β1 (0, 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, 10 μg/L) at 48 h and with TGF-β1 (5 μ/L) at different time points, E-cadherin, α-SMA, FN expression at transcriptional and protein levels were detected by real-time PCR and Western blotting respectively. The cells were pretreated with 1,5, 10 g/L Cp respectively for 24 h before adding TGF-β1 (5μg/L), then the cells were incubated for additional 48 h, mRNA and proteinexpression of above 3 cytokines was examined by real-time PCR and Western blotting as well. Results CP alone (0.01, 0.1, 1,5, 10 g/L) induced HK-2 cell proliferation in a dose-dependent manner. TGF-β1 enhanced α-SMA, FN expression while inhibited E-cedherin expression at both transcriptional and" protein level in HK-2 cell. At transcriptional level, compared to single TGF-β1 (5 μg/L) stimulating group, after Cp (1,5, 10 g/L) pretreatment for 24 h, the inhibition rate of a-SMA mRNA was 37.98%, 68.08% and 84.36%, respectively; FN mRNA was 46.97%, 63.82% and 81.85%, respectively; E-cadherin was up-regulated by 0.67 fold, 2.69 folds and 5.43 folds, respectively (P＜0.05). At protein level, the inhibition rate of α-SMA was 33.40%, 47.75% and 68.50%, respectively; FN was 16.26%, 65.92% and 80.30%, respectively; E-cadherin was up-regulated by 1.33 folds, 3.19 folds and 4.29 folds, respectively (all P＜0.05). Under Light microscopy, the Cp reversed cell shape from spindle-shape induced by TGF-β1 to nearly normal shape. Conclusion Cp may exert its inhibitive effects on TGF-β1-induced EMT.

A total of 178 patients with the time of mechanical ventilation beyond 48 hours in the second affiliated hospital of Wenzhou medical college from January 2010 to December 2013 were enrolled in this study,and there were fifty-six patients with ventilator-associated tracheobronchitis (VAT).The associated factors included age,sex,blood pressure,blood glucose,BMI,the time of mechanical ventilation,tracheal intubation methods,raise head to 30-45°,proton pump inhibitors (PPI),prophylactic antibiotic treatment,glasgow coma scale (GCS),acute physiology and chronic health evaluation (APECHE) Ⅱ score.The related factors of VAT were evaluated by using univariate logistical regression analysis,and the statistical significant variables were analyzed by using multivariate logistical regression analysis.By using univariate logistical regression analysis age,blood glucose,the time of mechanical ventilation,raise head to 30-45°,prophylactic antibiotic treatment,GCS and APECHE Ⅱ score were the important factors of VAT (P ＜ 0.05),but sex,blood pressure,BMI,tracheal intubation methods and PPI were insignificant related to VAT(P ＞ 0.05).By using multivariate logistical regression analysis the time of mechanical ventilation (OR =4.072,95％ CI 2.036-8.146),GCS[2.198(1.155-4.184)],age[2.128 (1.119-4.046)],APECHE Ⅱ score [2.109 (1.084-4.104)] and raise head to 30-45 ° [0.488 (0.243-0.979)] were associated independently with the VAT.The time of mechanical ventilation,GCS,age over 60 years,APECHE Ⅱ score and raise head to 30-45°were the independent factors associated with VAT.

Objective To explore the value of digital mammography in diagnosis of the negative palpable breast cancer in rural ar-eas.Methods 6 754 women randomly selected among 13 700 female outpatients (range,30-83 years)in rural areas underwent dig-ital mammography no matter they had breast palpable masses or not.Results 72 cases with breast cancer were diagnosed by digital mammography (72/6 754).Clinical palpation showed positive in 59 cases (59/72)and negative in 13 cases (13/72)with aged 35-77 years.Among 13 cases with negative palpable breast cancer,6 cases were carcinomas in situ,3 cases were intraductal carcinomas,and 4 cases were infiltrating ductal carcinomas.Conclusion Digital mammography may help in detection of the negative palpable breast cancer in early time.

Hepatic eosinophilic granuloma (HEG) is a rare benign liver disease,which belongs to histocytosis.Preoperative diagnosis of HEG was difficult because its clinical manifestation was not characteristic.In this article,the clinical data of 1 patient with HEG who was treated at the Jinhua Municipal Central Hospital of Zhejiang Province in September 2012 were retrospectively analyzed,and the diagnosis,differential diagnosis and treatment for HEG were investigated.

ObjectiveTo investigate the effectiveness and toxicity of CyberKnife in the treatment of lung metastases.MethodsTreatment details and outcomes were reviewed for 93 targets of 48 histologically verified patients treated by CyberKnife at the CyberKnife Center of Tianjin between September 2006 and June 2010.The median tumor volume was 6.0(0.2 - 135.2) cm3,the median biological equivalent dose was 140.8(53 - 180) cGy (α/β =10),the median fraction was 3(1-7) times and the median isodose line was 81％ (71％-91％ ).ResultsThe rate of follow-up is 96％.33 cases were followed up for more than 2years.The effective rate was 90.3％.Two targets of 2 patients locally progressed.The 1-and 2-year local control rates,overall survival (OS) rates and progression-free survival (PFS) rates were 98％ and 98％,83％ and 63％,and 64％ and 37％,respectively.Univariate analyses showed that age older than 60 versus ≤60 years tended to be predictor for PFS ( x2 =3.45,P =0.063 ) ;The PFS of patients who had single lesion was better than patients with multiple lesions ( x2 =4.49,P =0.034 ) ; patients with disease-free interval longer than 18 months had better OS ( x2 =6.50,P =0.011 ).Five patients were reported to experience treatment-related grade 1 radiation pulmonary injury,and one each for subcutaneous fibrosis with pigmentation,grade 2 and grade 3 adverse event.ConclusionsFor patients with lung metastatic lesion,CyberKnife is an effective option with high local control rate and little acute reaction.The long-term outcome and toxicity need further study.

Objective To investigate the small-world property of default mode network in relapsingremitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS) compared with the (matched) healthy control subjects,using a graph theory for resting-state functional network analysis.Methods Twenty four patients with RRMS and 24 age-,and sexmatched healthy controls were exanined with resting-state functional MRI (R-fMRI) and 3D-T1WI on Trio 3.0 Tesla.The R-fMRI data were preprocessed,then 20 regions of interest (ROIs) was defined and extracted from the default mode network.The functional connectivity between a pair of regions was defined as the Pearson's correlation coefficient in the time courses.Graph theoretical analysis was implemented and compared with the property of binary functional network.Further,the relationships were examined between the topological property of functional networks and the clinical parameters.Results In this study,functional network in the default mode network was conducted,and the small-world characteristics were observed in both RRMS and healthy control group.In the range of densities (Dmin:0.01∶0.48 ;Dmin =0.42),compared with healthy control group,RRMS groups had a slightly smaller normalized clustering coefficient (P＞0.05),a slightly larger normalized path length (P＞0.05),and a slightly decrease small-world index (P＞0.05).The left posterior cingulated cortex showed a significantly larger clustering coefficient in RRMS group (P=0.031) on the network threshold at Dmin.The area under a curve (AUC) for clustering coefficient measure curves of the left posterior cingulated cortex (density range of 0.42:0.01:0.48) between two groups were compared.The AUC result was similar to the Dmin result (P=0.031).Negative correlation was observed between the clustering coefficient of left posterior cingulated cortex and the Paced Auditory Serial Addition Test (PASAT) in both the Dmin(P=0.023) and the AUC (P=0.020).Conclusion The default mode network has small-world property in RRMS group.The significantly increased clustering coefficience is observed in the left posterior cingulated cortex,which may be a side effect.

Objective To investigate the difference of cerebral inter-hemispheric functional connectivity between the patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis ( ALS) and healthy controls ( HC) by a newly developed voxel-mirrored homotopic connectivity ( VMHC) method based on resting-state functional MRI ( rs-fMRI) , as well as its correlation to the structural imaging indices and clinical neurological scales .Methods Twenty patients with ALS ( ALS group ) and 20 age-, and sex-matched healthy controls ( HC group) were examined by rs-fMRI and diffusion tensor imaging ( DTI ) on 3.0 T MR imaging system ( Siemens Trio Tim ).The rs-fMRI data preprocessing were performed using data processing assistant for rs-fMRI ( DPARSF) based on Matlab 2009a, and the rs-fMRI data analysis toolkit ( REST) with an automated VMHC approach was utilized to calculate and compare the VMHC correlation coefficients between the ALS group and the HC group[P<0.05, corrected with false discovery rate (FDR)].Region of interest (ROIs) were prescribed on the regions which showed abnormal VMHC coefficients in ALS group , then the mean time series of the ROIs were extracted to examine the difference of the seed ( ROIs)-based functional connectivity between the ALS and HC groups.At last, linear correlations were performed to assess the relationships among the VMHC coefficients and clinical measures including the revised amyotrophic lateral sclerosis functional rating scale ( ALSFRS-r) score, disease duration , the rate of disease progression and fractional anisotropy ( FA) values of the corpus callosum ( CC).Results Compared with HC group , the patients with ALS showed lower VMHC coefficients in the precentral gyrus ( M1 ) , postcentral gyrus ( PCG ) , inferior parietal lobule (IPL), cuneus/precuneus (Cu/Pcu), and anterior cingulate gyrus (ACC).Higher VMHC coefficients were found in the supplementary motor area , superior frontal gyrus , and middle occipital gyrus (P<0.05,FDR corrected).Significant functional connectivity alterations were detected in motor cortex and frontal/temporal/occipital lobe between the ALS and HC groups using seed ( ROIs )-based functional connectivity based on the regions which showed abnormal VMHC coefficients in ALS group ( P <0.05, AlphaSim corrected, clusters≥228 voxels).Significant positive correlation was detected between the VMHC coefficients (0.311 ±0.108) of M1 and FA values (0.394 ±0.016) of CC III region (r=0.530, P=0.016), between the VMHC coefficients (0.767 ±0.043) of ACC and FA values (0.360 ±0.105) of CC I region (r=0.513, P=0.021), respectively.Significant positive correlation was observed between VMHC coefficients (0.311 ±0.108) of M1 and the ALSFRS-r score (35.4 ±2.5) in ALS patients(r=0.447, P=0.048).There was not significant correlation observed between the VMHC coefficients and disease duration , or the ratio of disease prognosis (P>0.05).Conclusions Abnormal VMHC coefficients were detected in ALS patients.The decreased VMHC in ACC and M1 are associated with the reduced micro-structure integrity of CC, meanwhile, and they may be related to disease severity.

Objective To evaluate the success rate, safety and efficacy of endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) after Billroth Ⅱ gastrectomy. Methods Data of 75 patients with biliary disease after Billroth Ⅱ gastrectomy, who underwent ERCP from January 2007 to November 2009, were retrospectively analyzed. Results In 75 patients, afferent loop intubation was achieved in 69 (92%) and selective cannulation of bile duct were successful in 68 (68/69, 98. 5%). Diagnostic procedures were carried out in 3 patients, and therapeutic in 65 others, which included EST plus stone removal and ENBD in 16, ERBD in 19, EMBE in 18 and EBD plus stone removal and ENBD in 12. Afferent loop perforation occurred in 1 patient (1.3%) and was treated surgically, and 2 acute pancreatitis (2. 6%) were treated conservatively.There was no complication of bleeding. Conclusion ERCP after Billroth Ⅱ gastrectomy is safe and efficiency for biliary disease.