Antitubercular Agents ; standards ; Child ; Humans ; Tuberculosis ; drug therapy ; prevention & control

Objective To analyze the role of sleep quality (SQ) in quality of life (QOL) ofheroin addicts receiving methadone maintenance treatment (MMT).Methods A total of 603 heroin addicts completed the socio-demographic questionnaire,Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI),and the World Health Organization'sQuality of Life Questionnaire-Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF).Hierarchical Multiple Linear Regression was used to examine the unique contribution of SQ in the explanation of QOL.Results The overall unique contributions of the seven components in PSQI,measured by △R2,ranged from 0.139 to 0.216,which could account for 41.3％ ～55.7％ of the total explainable variance in the four domains of WHOQOL-BREF.Conclusion SQ is an important predictor of Q0L in heroin addicts receiving MMT.QOL can be improved through the intervention of low SQ.

Objective To investigate the clinical effects of phacoemulsification with foldable posterior cham-ber intraocular lens implantation in the treatment of primary angle closure glaucoma with cataract .Methods 82 patients(82 eyes) with primary angle closure glaucoma with cataract were selected as the research objects ,and taken the treatment of combination of phacoemulsification and posterior chamber foldable intraocular lens implanta -tion.c The vision,intraocular pressure ,anterior chamber depth and angle opening changes before and after 6 months of operation were ompared ,and the postoperative complications were observed .Results 54 eyes achieved best corrected visual acuity of more than 0.5,12 eyes achieved best corrected visual acuity of 0.4,6 eyes achieved best corrected visual acuity among 0.1 to 0.3 and 6 eyes achieved best corrected visual acuity of less than 0.1.The difference between postoperative best corrected visual acuity and that before operation had significant statistical differences (χ2 =43.244,P<0.01).After having the operation ,the intraocular pressure of acute closed angle glaucoma pre clinic , onset period and chronic angle closure glaucoma had significantly improved compared to pre -operation ( t=7.955, 4.741,5.638,all P<0.01).The chamber depth of the three groups had also improved substantially compared to that of pre-operation(t=13.080,11.890,16.124,all P<0.01).The degree of angle opening of acute closed angle glau-coma and chronic angle closure glaucoma were better than that of pre-operation,and postoperatively ,the degree of an-gle opening of the former turned out to be wider than that of the latter (χ2 =9.246,P<0.05).There were no postop-erative intraocular lens clamping,corneal decomposition,severe complication of retinal detachment and macular cys-toids edema .Conclusion The phacoemulsification combined with intraocular lens implantation for the treatment of primary angle closure glaucoma with cataract can effectively improve visual acuity ,control intraocular pressure ,deepen the anterior chamber ,open angle ,and the adverse reactions occurred less ,which is worthy of clinical application .

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the economic effectiveness of three lipid regulation agents in treating patients with hyperlipemia.METHODS: 160 patients with hyperlipemia were divided into three groups: A, B, C.They received different therapeutic shemes: A: gemfibrozil B: lovastatin C: duoxikang.RESULTS: The levels of TG, TC and LDL- C of patients in group A reduced 43%, 9% and 10% respectively, which revealed that gemfibrozil was indicated in Ⅱ b, Ⅲ and Ⅳ hyperlipemia with good effect and low cost.The levels of TC and LDL-C decreased 21% and 25% respectively in group B. Lovastatin was used in Ⅱa, Ⅱb hyperlipemia.The levels of TC and TG declined 17% and 28% respectively in group C.Duoxikang was used in patients with high levels of TC and TG.CONCLUSION: It will improve therapeutic effect and decrease cost, if pharmacoeconomic cost- effectiveness analysis is used to guide rational use of lipid regulation agents in clinical practice.

Objective To improve the nursing skills and comprehensive clinical ability.Methods SimMan was introduced into the teaching and examination of nursing skills.Results The application of SimMan could not only improve the nursing skills and comprehensive clinical ability of nursing students but also arise their enthusiasm and potential and make them put clinic theories into practice.Conclusion The application of SimMan could simulate various clinical cases,symptoms and features.Besides it could be set anytime if it was required and produce no harm to the subjects.Its applications proved to be a new methodology to foster the operation ability and comprehensive clinical ability of nursing students.

Objective To explore the clinical effects of phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation for cataract patients who have had glaucoma and have undergone trabeculectomy before.Methods Phacoemulsification with intraocular lens implantation was performed on 33 patients(38 eyes)with cataract after trabeculectomy.The postoperative visual acuity,intraocular pressure(IOP),filtering bleb,corneal endothelium and complications were observed.Results No posterior capsular rupture occurred and all the lenses were inserted into the capsular bags.Follow up for 3 months at least.The correct visual acuities were≥4.7 in 30 cases(78.9%),≥5.0 in 6 cases(15.8%).Postoperatively,the IOP of all eyes was below 20mmHg and there was no change in the filtering bleb.The loss rate of the corneal endothelial cells was 15.07%after the operation.The density of the postoperative corneal endothelial cells was statistically significant different from those of the preoperative(t=4.582,P＜0.01).The complications occurred more than that of regular phaeoemulsification.Conclusions Phacoemulsification is convenient and effective in patients with cataract after trabeculectomy.The incision should be made without damaging the filtering bleb.The surgery requires skillfully and actively enlarging the small pupils and protecting the corneal endothelium.

Objective To investigate the effect of rosiglitazone on the expression of platelet CD40 ligand (CD40L) in insulin-resistant rats, and to further determine the relationship between CD40L and insulin resistance. Methods 60 healthy male SD rats [(200±20)g] were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (C), high fat group (HF), low dose rosiglitazone group (LR) and high dose rosiglitazone group (HR). Rats in group C were fed normal chow diet, and the others were given high fat chow diet. After 12 weeks, high dose of rosiglitazone (10mg/kg) was given to rats in group HR and low dose of rosiglitazone (5 mg/kg) was given to rats in group LR for 4 weeks. Rats in group HF and group C were given 0.9% sodium chloride solution. The level of sCD40L was measured by ELISA and the expression of platelet membrane CD40L was detected by immunoprecipitation and Western blot. The insulin resistance (IR) index was calculated by homeostasis model assessment (HOMA). Results HOMA-IR, sCD40L level and platelet membrane CD40L expression were higer in group HF than in group C (9.8±3.2 vs. 5.9±1.7, 367.3 ±35.3 vs. 232.3±120.6, 2.1±0.4 vs. 1.4±0.2, respectively, all P<0.05). Compared with the group HF, HOMA-IR, sCD40L level and platelet membrane CD40L expression were obviously decreased in group HR(5.4±1.1, 276.9±54.0, 1.4±0.3, respectively, all P<0.05), and there were no significant differences in HOMA-IR, sCD40L level and platelet membrane CD40L expression between group HF and group LR (P>0.05). Conclusions In insulin-resistant rats, the level of sCD40L and the expression of platelet membrane CD40L were higher. After treatment with high dose of rosiglitazone, sCD40L level and platelet membrane CD40L expression were decreased with the improvement of insulin resistance.

Several signaling pathways are involved in clonal proliferation of lymphoma cells and disease progression. It has been shown that cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) signaling pathway, as an important intra-cellular messenger delivery system, is related to modulation of multiple physiological processes including cell prolifer-ation, secretion, metabolism and apoptosis. Manipulating the cAMP signaling pathway can induce cell cycle arrest and apoptosis of various malignant lymphoid cells, which involves mitochondria-dependent apoptosis and cAMP-modulated protein kinases as well as changes of intracellular mediators. In-depth research and analysis of cAMP-induced apoptosis in lymphoma cells would provide potential targets and possible therapeutic means for the treatment of lymphoma.

World Health Organization Wheelchair Service Package-Intermediate Level focuses on the people who have severe difficul-ties in walking and moving around and also having poor postural control, as well as the children who have poor postural control and are un-able to sit upright independently. It includes step 1 referral and appointment;step 2 assessment;step 3 prescription (selection);step 4 fund-ing and ordering;step 5 product (wheelchair) preparation;step 6 fitting;step 7 user training;and step 8 maintenance, repairs and follow up. The physical assessment and postural support device of wheelchair service-intermediate level were emphasized. It is characterized as the standardized process, individual assessment and modular postural support device. It implies that it is important to make the assistive technol-ogy service system standardized, professional and modular.

Sulphur mustard (SM) is a corrosive alkylating agent that is likely to be absorbed in vivo through the lungs,eyes and skin into internal organs. SM not only can produce its peculiar cytotoxic?ity thought to be mediated by the alkylation of DNA,protein and nucleic acids,but is a strong mutagen and carcinogen. However,whatever the way SM poisoning occurs,lungs are the most vulnerable, and early death is mainly carused by both the acute respiratory distress syndrome and pulmonary infec?tion. In this review,we analyzed SM-induced lung injury mechanisms.