Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of Du meridian moxibustion in treating polycystic ovarian syndrome of spleen-kidney yang deficiency type. Methods Seventy patients with polycystic ovarian syndrome of spleen-kidney yang deficiency type were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 35 cases each. The treatment group received Du meridian moxibustion plus medication and stomach and the control group, medication alone. Sex hormones [follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (IH) and testosterone (T)], fasting insulin (INS), fasting blood glucose (GLU), body mass index (BMI) and changes in menstrual cycle were observed in the two groups before and after three weeks of treatment. The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups. Results The total efficacy rate was 94.3%in the treatment group and 77.1%in the control group;there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P＜0.05). There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in LH, LH/FSH and T in the two groups (P＜0.01, P＜0.05). There were no statistically significant post-treatment differences in sex hormones between the two groups (P>0.05). There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in INS, BMI and menstrual cycle in the treatment group (P＜0.01, P＜0.05). There was a statistically significant pre-/post-treatment difference in menstrual cycle in the control group (P＜0.05). There were no statistically significant post-treatment differences in INS, GLU, BMI and menstrual cycle between the two groups (P>0.05). Conclusion Du meridian moxibustion is an effective way to treat polycystic ovarian syndrome of spleen-kidney yang deficiency type. It can improve insulin resistance and insulin sensitivity.