Objective　According to Kaschin-Beck Disea se monitory standardization that had been adjusted by our country,we monitored the state of Kaschin-Beck Disease in Gansu province.Methods　So as to understand change of illness,we took methods of epidemiological investigation,clinical examination and X-ray diagnosis.Results　It is not detected in the clinical that patient suffered from more than I of KBD among 7～12 years old in Qingyang monitory netw ork.X-ray detectable rate is 3%,but 12 cases patients were showed in Zhangjiach uan.X-ray detectable rate is 22.22%.Conclusions　Illness was showed steady state and was con trolled in Qingyang region,but illness recurred clearly in Zhangjiachuan region.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Dust ; analysis ; Female ; Health Status ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Occupational Exposure ; analysis ; Pneumoconiosis ; prevention & control ; Sentinel Surveillance ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; Welding ; Young Adult

Objective To find out the distribution pattern of environmental fluoride in the coal-burning endemic fluorosis areas to provide scientific evidence for establishing prevention and remedial measures in Chongqing. Methods According to historical data in Chongqing In 2008, 4 endemic villages(Lingyun and Lizi Villages of Wushan County, and Taiping and Daqing Villages of Pengshui County) and 2 non-endemic villages (ShuangLou and XianLong Villages of Yongchuan County) were investigated. Dental fluorosis of children in 8 to 12 year old and residents over 16 years of age for clinical skeletal fluorosis were examined in four endemic villages. Five households from each of 6 villages were taken, where 500 g of coal, mixed clay with coal, mixed coal of soil, coal cinder, soil were sampled; 15 people were taken in each village, each household gathering 500 g of corn, rice, potatoes, vegetables, grain and vegetable, 100 g of dried pepper and 250 ml of drinking water were sampled from 15 families of each village. Household drinking water samples were collected 1, each 250 ml. For those having tea-drinking habit, each household was collected 50 g of tea and 600 ml of drinking tea, the amount of fluoride were determined. Indoor and outdoor air was collected and measured in 5 households in each village. Results The detected rate of dental fluorosis of children in endemic areas was 74.65% (736/986). The detected rate of skeletal fluorosis of adult was 7.20%(736/986). The average fluoride content of coal, mixed clay with coal, mixed coal of soil, cinder coal, soil in the endemic villages was (310.56±209.46), (360.51±224.96), (293.62±65.15), (186.59±133.66), (497.54±294.70)mg/kg. The average fluoride content in non-endemic villages was (48.68±10.62), (275.66±62.69), (152.20±34.43), (209.14±188.66),269.98±58.21)mg/kg. The fluoride content level of endemic villages was significantly higher than that of non-endemic villages(t=7.67,31.54,5.82, 5.82, all P<0.05). The average fluoride content of drinking water, corn, pepper, flee, potato and vegetable in the endemic villages was (0.30±0.14)mg/L, (1.83±2.67), (23.50±91.80), (0.77±0.25), (0.44±0.11), (0.48±0.18)mg/kg, The average fluoride content in non-endemic village was (0.18±0.06)mg/L, (2.21±0.46), (2.82±2.51), (1.31±0.21), (0.64±0.41), (1.10±0.77)mg/kg. The fluoride content in drinking water and pepper in the endemic villages was significantly higher than that of the non-endemic villages(t=7.79, 2.33, all P<0.05). The fluoride content of rice, potato and vegetable in the non-endemic villages was significantly higher than that of the endemic villages(t=39.29,4.69,4.01, all P<0.05). There was no significant difference of fluoride content of tea and drinking tea between endemic villages[(99.41±55.83)mg/kg, (1.59±0.91)mg/L] and non-endemic villages[(79.95±43.78)mg/kg, (1.80±1.16)mg/L, t=1.01, 0.27, all P>0.05]. The amount of drinking tea in the endemic village[(1.45±0.68)L/d] was higher than that in non-endemic village[(1.00±0.47)L/d, t=4.27, P<0.05]. The average fluoride content of indoor air in the endemic village[(12.77±8.08)μg/m3] was higher than that in non-endemic village [(1.16±1.08)μg/m3, t=9.49, P<0.01]. There was no significant difference of fluoride content of outdoor air between endemic village and non-endemic village[(1.10±1.57), (0.39±0.31)μg/m3, t=2.01, P>0.05)]. Conclusions The fluoride source of coal-burning endemic fluorosis areas are coal and mixed coal of soil in Chongqing. Fluoride enters into human bodies mainly via respiratory, not from food. Although fluoride is rich in pepper, people don't eat it, so reducing the fluoride content in indoor air is the principle measure. Drinking tea may be was one factor of endemic fluorosis, which needs to be further studied.

Effects of Chinese medicine on collateral circulation of coronary artery were reviewed, especially its regulatory effect through vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and fibroblast growth factor (FGF).
Animals ; Collateral Circulation ; physiology ; Coronary Artery Disease ; physiopathology ; Coronary Circulation ; physiology ; Coronary Vessels ; physiopathology ; Fibroblast Growth Factors ; metabolism ; Humans ; Medicine, Chinese Traditional ; Research Design ; Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A ; metabolism

OBJECTIVETo observe and analyze the intraoperative state of calcaneal fractures, and summarize the law of displacement after calcaneal fractures, so as to guide fracture reduction and fixation.

METHODSFrom March 2002 to March 2009, among 572 patients with calcaneal fractures, 427 patients were male and 145 patients were female, ranging in age from 17 to 73 years, averaged 37 years. The patients were injured from falling or road accidents, and all the patients were closed fracture. The 189 patients with complete clinical data were treated with reduction and fixation through the lateral approach after observation of displacement type of the fractures.

RESULTSAmong 189 patients,the fractures were found at the lower part of the articular surface in all patients, which was hillock point of calcaneus; the fractures were found at the Gissans Corner in 134 patients, and the type include cross-sectional fracture or oblique fracture; the fractures were found at calcaneal tubercle in 118 patients, and the fractures were divided into two parts from top to bottom; the fractures were found at the distal part of calcaneus only in 67 patients.

CONCLUSIONCalcaneal fractures show clear law of dislocation. Preoperative and intra-operative detailed analysis and evaluation, as well as reduction and fixation according to certain sequences can insure to get better operative effects.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Aged ; Calcaneus ; anatomy & histology ; injuries ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; Fractures, Bone ; pathology ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged

OBJECTIVETo retrospective analysis operating procedures and results of calcaneal fractures treated with plate fixation, identify problems and propose measures to reduce surgical complications.

METHODSFrom June 2008 to April 2009, 156 patients were reviewed, including 121 males and 35 females, ranging in age from 18 to 59 years, with an average of 41 years. Thirty-two patients had bilateral calcaneal fractures. Twenty-three patients were surgically treated on both calcaneus at the same time. Total 179 calcaneus were treated with operation. The operation records of all patients were analyzed in order to find the problems and deficiencies.

RESULTSAmong 179 calcaneal fractures, 31 feet (17.3%) had postoperative wound problems: wound infection and non-healing were found in 26 feet (14.5%), skin flap necrosis in 5 feet (2.8%). There were a lot of problems of plate internal fixation for the treatment of calcaneal fractures, including operation design, operative technique, as well as fracture reduction and fixation.

CONCLUSIONThe following methods are the only way to avoid operative complications for the treatment of calcaneal fractures: improved surgical technique, minimally invasive operation, simple and effective internal fixation.

Adolescent ; Adult ; Calcaneus ; injuries ; surgery ; Female ; Fracture Fixation, Internal ; methods ; Fractures, Bone ; surgery ; Humans ; Male ; Middle Aged ; Young Adult

This study was aimed to investigate the expression of radioresistant genes survivin and HO-1 in mesenchymal stem cells (MSC). Human bone marrow MSC were isolated and enriched by Fircoll density gradient centrifugation, then identified by flow cytometry. MSC were induced with dexamethasone, insulin, 3-isobutyl-1-methyl-xanthine (IBMX) and indomethacin to differentiate into adipocytes. Then the expression of survivin and HO-1 in MSC was detected by RT-PCR. The results indicated that the expressions of surface antigen CD34 and HLA-DR in MSC in vitro were negative while the expressions of CD44 and CD71 were positive. MSC could be differentiated into adipocytes by inductor. RT-PCR showed the expression of radioresistant genes survivin and HO-1 in MSC. It is concluded that MSC have lower sensitivity to radiation, which may associate with the expression of radioresistant genes survivin and HO-1 in MSC.
Bone Marrow Cells ; metabolism ; radiation effects ; Cell Differentiation ; Cells, Cultured ; Flow Cytometry ; Gene Expression ; Heme Oxygenase-1 ; genetics ; Humans ; Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins ; genetics ; Mesenchymal Stromal Cells ; metabolism ; radiation effects

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the clinical efficacy and toxicity of vinorelbine (N) and epirubicin (E) as the neoadjuvant chemotherapy regimen in the treatment of locally advanced breast cancer (LABC).

METHODSFrom September 2001 to December 2004, 158 patients with LABC were treated with NE chemotherapy before operation. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy containing vinorelbine (N), 25 mg/m(2) (days 1 and 8) and epirubicin (E), 60 mg/m(2) (days 1) was administered every 3 weeks for three cycles before local treatment.

RESULTSResponse in the breast: the clinical objective response was 81.6% [23.4% (37/158) cCR and 58.2% (92/158) PR], 16.5% (26/158) SD and 1.9% (3/158) PD. Pathological complete response was found in 29 cases (18.3%). Eighteen cases (26.5%) who have positive FNA result in the axillary lymphnode before chemotherapy showed negative result in the surgery specimen. The most common toxicities were neutropenia, alopecia and nausea/vomiting. Neutropenia grade 3 - 4 was reported in 111 patients (70.3%) and there was no toxic deaths.

CONCLUSIONSThe combination of vinorelbine and epirubicin is a very active and well-tolerated regimen as neoadjuvant chemotherapy for the LABC.

Adult ; Aged ; Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols ; therapeutic use ; Breast Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; pathology ; Chemotherapy, Adjuvant ; Drug Administration Schedule ; Epirubicin ; administration & dosage ; Female ; Humans ; Middle Aged ; Neoplasm Staging ; Treatment Outcome ; Vinblastine ; administration & dosage ; analogs & derivatives

OBJECTIVETo explore natural herbs to maintain the bactericidal activity of hydrogen peroxide (H).

METHODSEighteen extracts of Chinese herbs were prepared complying with the standard protocol. Each of the solutions was then mixed with 1% H2O2. The mixtures were handled with two approaches: autoclaved daily for one, two or three times; stored at room temperature from one through five years. Then the bactericidal activity were evaluated by assaying the minimal bactericidal concentration (MBC) and minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) against Gram positive (Staphylococcus aureus, ATCC25923) and Gram negative (Escherichia coli, ATCC12421) bacteria.

RESULTSWhile mixed with 1% H2O2, 10 out of 18 kinds of assessed Chinese herbs displayed MBC values at 1:12800 or higher after three times of autoclaving, and 8 of them preserved such level of MBC value after stored at room temperature for three years. Some Chinese herbs, i.e. R. Scutellariae, R. Coptidis, R. Bupleuri, H. Epimedii, C. Phelledendri and F. Chrysanthemi, can significantly maintain the bactericidal activity of diluted H2O2.

CONCLUSIONSCertain Chinese herbs can effectively stabilize the bactericidal activity of H2O2 undergoing autoclave or long-term storage. This paper reported a brandnew pharmaceutical function of Chinese herbs and provided experimental data for the potential enhancement of H2O2 usage while its stability level is promoted.

Anti-Bacterial Agents ; pharmacology ; Drugs, Chinese Herbal ; pharmacology ; Escherichia coli ; drug effects ; Hydrogen Peroxide ; pharmacology ; Microbial Sensitivity Tests ; Staphylococcus aureus ; drug effects ; Sterilization ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo evaluate the expression of three different RASSF1 transcripts and its clinical significance in lung carcinomas.

METHODSThe mRNA expression of RASSF1A, RASSF1B and RASSF1C was detected by RT-PCR in 51 human lung cancer tissues and 51 matched normal tissues.

RESULTS1. The mRNA expression of three RASSF1 transcripts was detectable in all non-cancer tissues. However, high rate of expression loss of RASSF1A and RASSF1B existed in lung cancer tissues, which was 53.2% (2851) and 37.3% (19/51), respectively. RASSF1C was expressed in all of the tumor tissues. 2. Loss or abnormal down-regulation of RASSF1A was positively related with lymph node metastasis and TNM stage (P < 0.05) and 3. RASSF1B and RASSF1C mRNA expression was not correlated with TNM stage, histological type, differentiation grade or smoking index.

CONCLUSIONThere is a significant expression difference among the three RASSF1 transcripts in lung carcinoma. RASSF1A, closely associated with lymph metastasis and TNM stage of lung carcinoma, should be a new tumor suppressor gene.

Chromosome Deletion ; Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3 ; Genes, Tumor Suppressor ; Humans ; Lung Neoplasms ; genetics ; pathology ; Lymphatic Metastasis ; Neoplasm Staging ; RNA, Messenger ; analysis ; Tumor Suppressor Proteins ; genetics