Objective To investigate the relationship between PrfA-dependent promoters and PrfA regulation. Methods LacZ reporter gene fusions used to investigate the inhibitory elements for PrfA-dependent transcription were carried on two promoters of Listeria monocytogenes: a PrfA-dependent promoter of the phospholipase gene pica (PplcA) and a putative promoter of the aroA gene (ParoA2) which contains a similar PrfA-binding site (PrfA-box) and a similar-10 box as PplcA but does not function as PrfA-dependent promoter. A series of hybrid plcA-aroA promoters by exchanging corresponding sequence elements of these two "promoters" were constructed and incorporated into upstream of a promoterless lacZ gene. The variant promoter-lacZ transcriptional fusions were then electroporated into L. monocytogenes wild-type strain P14, prfA mutant P14a and prfA deletion mutant A42, respectively. The expression level of PrfA is the highest in the P14a and the lowest in A42. The corresponding transcription activities of hybrid promoters were measured by the β-galactosidase assay. Results The two critical elements of PrfA-dependent promoters, the PrfA-box and the-10 box, can be functionally exchanged as long as the distance in between is maintained 22 or 23 bp. However, the interspace sequence and the sequence downstream of the -10 box of ParoA2 were strongly inhibitory for PrfA-dependent transcription. Conclusion Downstream sequence together -10 box of ParoA2 might fold into a hairpin structure when present in a single stranded DNA and possibly block the formation of the transcriptional initiation open complex, hence, inhibit the PrfA-dependent transcription from ParoA2.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on facial nerve regeneration in ovariectomized rats.METHODS:48 ovariectomized SD rats were randomly assigned into sham operation group (normal saline),model group (normal saline),nerve growth factor group (NGF,10 mg?kg-1) and ginsenoside group (10 mg?kg-1).Ovariectomized model were induced and received relevant drugs.The behavior changes of rats were observed.The morphology changes of facial nucleus were detected under transmission electron microscope (TEM) and light microscopy.BDNF expression of facial nucleus was determined with immunohistochemistry.RESULTS:The morphology of the facial nucleus was improved.The BDNF expression of 3D facial nucleus in model group,NGF group and ginsenoside group were increased after facial nerve was injured.The BDNF expression was decreased on 7th day while increased on 14th day.The thickness of regenerating nerve fiber in ginsenoside group was superior to in model group (P

Balloon tamponade hemostasis has been applicated for 50 years,and its appropriate usage can obtain exact curative effect with less adverse reactions.In recent years,with the continuous improvement in surgical therapy,balloon tamponade technique in treating various types of bleeding has accumulated many successful experiences.This paper intends to review the advances in balloon compression technology for recent years.

Described in this paper are the characteristics of medical big data such as multi-dimensionalities, non-integrities, time sequencing, redundancies, their sources such as health service,medical insurance,health adminis-trations, producers of drugs and medical equipments, Internet, life science, their applications in R & D of drugs, diagnosis and treatment of diseases,medical insurance,intelligent decision-making,individual health management, and challenges they are faced such as data integration,data storage,data sharing, shortage of trained professionals, and privacy protection.

Objective To study the clinical characteristics of silent paraganglioma ( PGL) .Methods A total of 21 patients with silent PGL confirmed by surgical pathology and hospitalized in the First Affiliated Hospital of chongqing Medical University from Mar .2008 to Dec.2013 were enrolled in this study .The clinical manifesta-tions, hormone level, imaging findings, pathologic characteristic, treatment and follow-up data were reviewed and analyzed retrospectively .Results Among the 21 cases of silent PGL , 8 were male and 13 were female, with 47.05 years as the mean age(ranging from 26 to 67 years old).PGL tumors in silent group were mainly located in the right side, and left to right ratio was 2∶5.Silent PGL with tumor diameter <3 cm, 3-5 cm, >5 cm were 5, 7,and 9 cases respectively.Its constituent ratio was 23.8%, 33.3% and 42.9% respectively, significantly higher compared with that of symptomatic PGL (9.8%,43.9%,and 46.3%respectively).Silent PGL can be i-dentified from other adrenal incidentaloma based on enhanced CT value in each period .Biochemical examination or functional imaging further could facilitate the diagnosis of silent PGL .All the 21 cases were conducted with surgical treatment , and hypertensive crisis occurred to 4 cases during operation .Conclusions Silent PGL is not easy to be detected due to its non-specific clinical manifestations .The diagnosis needs the combined analysis on anatomical imaging characteristics , biochemical examination , functional imaging and pathological findings .Sur-gery is the most effective treatment .Postoperative pathological tips and long-term follow-up are both required for PGL, no matter benign or malignant .

Objective To investigate the effect of oxytocin combined with misoprostol in the prevention of postpartum hemorrhage of uterine contraction,and to provide reference for clinical treatment.Methods 150 women who underwent cesarean section were randomly divided into observation group and control group,75 cases in each group.The two groups were all in the expulsion of the fetus after injection of oxytocin in the uterine wall.The control group after delivery of the placenta received oxytocin intravenous infusion in the prevention and treatment of postpar-tum hemorrhage,the observation group used misoprostol under the tongue to prevent postpartum hemorrhage.The inci-dence of bleeding and postpartum hemorrhage was compared between the two groups.The effective rate and incidence rate of adverse reactions of the two groups were compared.Results The bleeding volume of the observation group was (348.06 ±218.36) mL,and the incidence rate of postpartum hemorrhage was 2.67%,which were significantly lower than the control group (t=5.25,χ2 =12.37,all P<0.05).The effective rate of the observation group was 64%,the total effective rate was 93.33%,the total effective rate was significantly higher than that in the control group (χ2 =10.671,9.22,all P<0.05).1 case of nausea and vomiting occurred in the control group,2 cases had fever,the incidence rate of adverse reactions was 4.00%.5 cases in the observation group had nausea and vomiting,3 cases had fever,the incidence rate of adverse reactions was 10.67%.The incidence of adverse reactions had no significant difference between the two groups.Conclusion Oxytocin combined with misoprostol can significantly reduce the amount of postpartum hemorrhage,reduce the incidence of postpartum hemorrhage,and less adverse reactions,it is the effective treatment for prevention and treatment of uterine contraction fatigue postpartum hemorrhage.

To compare the differences in the measurement of maximum quantity of respiratory oxygen (VO2max) between direct and indirect methods, we selected 30 male students from the College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University including 15 football players and 15 track and field players in November 2006. The VO2max was measured directly with the cardio-pulmonary function test, and measured indirectly with Doblen step test. The results showed that the VO2max measured by indirect method was higher than that by direct method [(3.70?0.56), (3.30?2.61) L per minute, P

Objective To study the clinical value of colorectal carcinoma exa mination by comparison of different postprocessing techniques such as multiplana r reformation(MPR),CT virtual colonoscopy(CTVC), shaded surface display(SSD) a nd Raysum. Methods 64 patients with colorectal carcinoma s underwent volu me scanning using spiral CT. MPR, CTVC, SSD and Raysum images were obtained by u sing 4 different softwares in workstation. All cases were proved by surgical or CC bioptic histology. The results were compared and analyzed according to the circumferential extension, length and pathologic patterns of colorectal carcinoma with MPR, CTVC, SSD and Raysum. Results The correct ion rate of dete rmination the circumferential extension of colorectal carcinoma with MPR, CTVC, SSD and Raysum were 1000%, 828%, 797% and 797%, respectively There wa s signi ficant statistical difference between MPR and CTVC; The accuracy of judging the leng th of carcinoma were 891%, 766%, 953% and 1000%, respectively. There wa s stat istical difference between CTVC and SSD; The accuracy of showing carcinoma patho logi c patterns were 813%, 922%, 719% and 719%, respectively. There was stati stica l difference between CTVC and SSD, too. MPR could correctly determine the circum ferential extension of colorectal carcinoma. In determination the length of carc inoma, Raysum was more accurate than SSD. CTVC could be more helpful in showing carcinoma pathologic patterns. Conclusion There were advantag es and disadvant ages in colorectal carcinoma examination with MPR, CTVC, SSD and Raysum, and the combination could display colorectal carcinoma more completely and comprehensiv ely.

ObjectiveTo better understand abdominal pain caused by oth er diseases,improve the diagnosis,and discuss methods for therapy.Methods Totally 94 cases of internal diseases with abdominal pain as chief man ifestation were studied,including etiological factors,symptoms,physical signs,as well as therapy.ResultsOf them,90 4% were caused by organ di sorders in abdominal cavity,and the most common disease was acute gastroenteriti s (19 1%).ConclusionsThe etiological factors of internal dise ases with abdominal pains as chief manifestation are various and complex.More at tention needs be paid to the diagnosis and therapy.