Balloon tamponade hemostasis has been applicated for 50 years,and its appropriate usage can obtain exact curative effect with less adverse reactions.In recent years,with the continuous improvement in surgical therapy,balloon tamponade technique in treating various types of bleeding has accumulated many successful experiences.This paper intends to review the advances in balloon compression technology for recent years.

translational research highly depends on Translational research organizations.America is the leading country in science and technology. It is very important to learn from America successful experience in order to develop perfect translational research organization.This paper analyzed the needs of changing the current research organization,and provided some suggestions for Chinese translational research organization based on understanding the differences between America and Chinese present research organization.

To compare the differences in the measurement of maximum quantity of respiratory oxygen (VO2max) between direct and indirect methods, we selected 30 male students from the College of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University including 15 football players and 15 track and field players in November 2006. The VO2max was measured directly with the cardio-pulmonary function test, and measured indirectly with Doblen step test. The results showed that the VO2max measured by indirect method was higher than that by direct method [(3.70?0.56), (3.30?2.61) L per minute, P

Diarrhea can also be a symptom of many serious diseases.Diarrhea is caused by infections or illnesses that either lead to excess production of fluids or prevent absorption of fluids.There are some measures that can prevent diarrhea.There are some medications that can slow down the movement of stool through the intestines and increase intestinal water absorption.The patient may need a combination of drugs adjustments to achieve relief.This review summarizes the reasonable application of anti-diarrheal medications.

Objective To explore the correlation of urine albumin and creatinine ratio(UACR)and short -term prognosis in patients with acute ischemic stroke (AIS).Methods 112 patients with AIS were selected as the research subjects.The admission UACR and related laboratory examination indexes were detected,the US national institutes of health stroke scale (NIHSS)scores,and 28 d after admission of the modified Rankin scale (mRS) prognostic score were recorded.The NIHSS 5 or more points and NIHSS <5 points,different levels and UACR patient observation index between the different prognosis group were compared.Results NIHSS 5 or more group of patients on admission UACR level[(15.41 ±3.21 mg/g)]was higher than the NIHSS <5 patients (9.52 ±2.04)mg/g (t =12.214,P <0.001);UACR acuity 11.60mg/g group in NIHSS of 5 or more proportion of patients (87.5%),mRS score >2 points (82.1%),the proportion of the recent death patients (23.2%)than the proportion of UACR <11.60mg/g,the proportion of the group (32.1%,25.0%,7.1%;the chi -square values 33.509,34.476,5.598,all P <0.050);MRS score >2 groups of patients UACR level[(16.10 ±3.29)mg/g]was higher than that in patients with mRS score 2 points or less (8.38 ±1.95)mg/g(t =20.132,P <0.001);Pearson correlation analysis showed that the standard of UACR and NIHSS score (r =0.412,P <0.05 ),high -sensitivity C -reactive protein (hs -CRP)(r =0.473,P <0.050),white blood cell count (WBC)(r =0.442,P <0.050),fasting plasma glucose (FPG)(r =0.375,P <0.050)were positively correlated.Multiariable Logistic regression analysis showed that UACR (OR =1.587,P <0.050)was a recent independent risk factors of poor prognosis in patients with AIS. Conclusion UACR the illness severity and recent prognosis of patients with AIS is closely related to high levels of UACR may be recent independent risk factors of poor prognosis in patients with AIS.

The nature of collaborative innovation is to share the resources for innovation through management,which would play great role in scientific policy change in China. Translational medicine actually is combine theory and daily practice,basic and clinic research,which need multidiscipline,collaboration between different areas.Collaborative innovation is the requirement of translational medicine.Therefore,establishing research organization with characteristic of collaborative innovation is the key for the development of translational medicine.

Objective To discuss the effect of damage control applied for an earthquake pelvic fracture. Methods One case of pelvic fracture in the 5.12 Wenchuan earthquake was treated by damage control in May, 2008. The patient was managed with anti-shock measures and temporal fixation of fracture in the first stage and minimally invasive surgery under fluoro-navigation system in the second stage. Results After two-stage damage control, the patient obtained stable vital signs, satisfactory reduction and internal fixation with no complications. Conclusion Damage control strategy for the earthquake pelvic fractures can improve the survival of patients and decrease their complications.

Objective To investigate the expression and significance of hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF- 1α), vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and angiopoietin-2 (Ang-2) in tissues of condy- loma acuminatum (CA) in pregnant women. Methods Tissue specimens were obtained from the lesions of 30 pregnant women with CA and 30 non-pregnant women with CA, and from the vulva of 15 normal preg- nant women. By immunohistochemical staining, the expressions of HIF -1α, VEGF and Ang-2 were detected in these specimens. Results The expression rates of HIF -1α,VEGF and Ang-2 were 86.67%, 93.33% and 83.33% in pregnant women with CA, respectively, 63.33%, 66.67% and 53.33% in non-pregnant women with CA, respectively, and 0, 6.67% and 0 in normal women, respectively. Enhanced expressions of HIF -1α,VEGF and Ang-2 were observed in pregnant women with CA compared with the latter two groups (P < 0.05). In pregnant women with CA, a significant correlation was noted between the expression of HIF -1α and VEGF (r = 0.412, P < 0.01) and between the expression of Ang-2 and VEGF (r = 0.460, P < 0.01). Further more, the expression of HIF -1α, VEGF and Ang-2 positively correlated with each other in non-preg- nant women with CA. Conclusion In tissues of CA in pregnant women, HIF-1α,Ang-2 and VEGF are over expressed, which may be related to angiogenesis.

Objective To investigate the formation and elimination of photoproduct in epidermal cells from BALB/c mice irradiated with ultroviolet B, and to observe the interference by baicalin in it. Methods BALB/c mice were randomized into 6 groups, I.e., blank control group receiving no exposure or protection, baicalin group receiving protection with baicalin, acetone group receiving acetone pretreatment, UVB group receiving UVB irradiation but no protection, UVB + baicalin group receiving UVB irradiation and protection with baicalin, UVB + acetone group receiving acetone pretreatment and UVB irradiation. Baicalin was applied at 1 mg/cm2 on the back of mice for 3 days in baicalin group and UVB + baicalin group. Twenty hours after the last application, UVB irradiation of 180 mJ/cm2 was given to mice in UVB group and UVB + baicalin group. Skin specimens were obtained from the tested sites at 1, 24, and 48 hours, respectively, after the irradiation. Cyclobutane pyrimidine dimers (CPD) was detected in the specimens with immunohistochemical staining and Southwestern dot blotting. Results CPD was observed only in irradiated mice. The relative content of CPD in epidermal cells 1, 24 and 48 hours after the irradiation was (100±5.22)%, (75.34±8.22)% and (42.11±3.24)%, respectively, in UVB group, (81.45±5.22)%, (32.14±6.33)% and ( 5.21±3.15 )% respectively, in UVB+baicalin group, ( 106±8.21 )%, (70.23±4.13 )% and (41.22±4.21)%, respectively, in UVB + acetone group. A significant difference was observed in the relative content of CPD between UVB group and UVB + baicalin group at 1, 24 and 48 hours after the irradiation (P<0.05, 0.01, 0.01, respectively). Conclusions Taken together, these results suggest that topical baicalin application mitigates DNA photo-damage. Baicalin is therefore a promising protective substance against UVB radiation.