302 teeth with wedge-shaped defect in 168 patients were restored by SDR(smart dentin replacement,n =112),glass ionomer (n =98) and light-cured composite resin(n =92) respectively.12 to 15 month follow-up showed the success rate was 96.2％,84.8％ and 86.2％ respectively(P ＜ 0.01).SDR is an ideal material in restoring wedge-shaped defect.

Breast cancer stem cells (CSCs) are the main causes leading to the failure of treatment of breast cancer and play important roles in the progression of breast cancer and drug resistance, which are closely related to the therapeutic resistance of radiotherapy and chemotherapy, and endocrine therapy.The metastatic potential and therapeutic resistance of CSCs are associated with epithelial mesenchymal transition and Hedgehog, Wnt, interleukin-6/signal transduction and tanscriptional activation factor 3, transforming growth factor-β and other signaling pathways.While some of the targeted drugs targeting these signaling pathways are undergoing clinical transformation, which is expected to provide new approach for the clinical treatment of breast cancer.

Objective:To detect the mRNA expression levels of inflammatory-related factors NLRP3, caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18in the murine macrophages infected by periodontitis patient's own tissue nucleic acid, and to discuss the effects of periodontitis patient's own tissue nucleic acid on the inflammation-related factors in the macrophages.Methods:The inflammatory periodontal tissue samples were collected during periodontal flap surgery of the chronic periodontitis patients, and the healthy periodontal tissue samples were collected from the patients without any periodontal diseases undergoing crown lengthening surgery.Then the total RNA from gingival tissue was extracted and reversely transcribed into cDNA.The cultured mouse macrophages RAW264.7were divided into control group and experiment group, then the healthy periodontal tissue cDNA and inflammatory periodontal tissue cDNA (the cDNA at a concentration of 1mg·L-1) were added into the RAW264.7cells, respectively.Real-time PCR was used to detect the mRNA expression levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18in the macrophages in various groups at 4, 6and 8hafter incubation.Results:The microscope observation showed that the mouse macrophages RAW264.7grew well with round and polygon shapes, clear cytoplasm, and full cell body.Compared with control group, the expression levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18mRNA in the RAW264.7cells in experiment group at 4, 6, and 8hwere increased significantly (P＜0.05or P＜0.01) , and the expression levels of NLRP3, Caspase-1, IL-1β, and IL-18 mRNA in RAW264.7 cells at 6 hin experiment group were the highest.Conclusion:The periodontitis patient's own tissue nucleic acids can promote the mRNA expressions of inflammation-related factors in the RAW264.7cells, suggesting that the periodontitis patient's own tissue nucleic acid has an immunomodulatory effect on the activation of RAW264.7cells.