Objective To study the effect of glutamine on hypermetabolism reaction and hormone secretion after severe burn injury. Methods Eighty-eight Wistar rats were inflicted with 30% total body surface area full thickness burns and randomly divided into two groups: namely burned control (B) and glutamine treatment(GLN) group. There was isonitrogenous and isocaloric intake in both groups, and rats of GLN and B groups were given glutamine and glycine at 1 0g/kg d, respectively. The following indices including the resting energy expenditure (REE), the levels of plasma cortisol, insulin and glucagon were determined. Results After burn injury, the REE, plasma cortisol,insulin and glucagons levels were significant increased in both groups. Compared with B group, the level of REE decreased and the ratio of insulin/glucagons increased in GLN group. Correlation analyses showed that REE had a negative correlation with insulin/glucagons ratio (r=-0 78,P

Objective: To explore the effects of different nutrition support pathway on enterogenous hypermetabolism after severe burn injury. Methods: Eighty-eight Wistar rats were inflicted with 30% total body surface area full thickness burns and randomly divided into two groups: total parenteral nutrition (TPN) and enteral nutrition(EN) group. The following indices including the resting energy expenditure (REE), the plasma LPS, TNF and IL-1 level were determined. Results: After burn injury, the REE, TNF, LPS and IL-1 were significantly increased in two groups . Comparing with TPN group , the level of REE, TNF, LPS and IL-1 were significantly decreased in EN group (P

0.05).However,metabolic acidosis and hyperchloremia were observed with feeding arginine hydrochloride for 7 days in severe burned rabbits,and no such significant changes were found in arginine acetate group.CONCLUSION:Arginine acetate is safer than arginine hydrochloride in severe burned rabbits.

OBJECTIVE： To evaluate the clinical therapeutic effect of L-glutamine granules on intestinal damage of severe burn patients and the safty of the drug.METHODS： Thirty-nine severe burn patients were randomly divided into two groups： control group（C group， nineteen patients） and L-glutamine treatment group（GLN group， twenty patients） .GLN group patients were given L-glutamine in a dose of 30g per day for 7 days， and C group patients were given the same dosage of placebo for 7 days.The plasma L-glutamine concentration， the degree of intestinal mucosa damage， blood biochemistry and complication were observed and wound healing rate of burn area was determined， then the length of hospital stay was recorded.RESULTS： After 7 days of taking L-glutamine orally， plasma L-glutamine concentration in GLN group was significant higher than that in C group（P<）. The degree of intestine damage and intestinal mucosal permeability in GLN group were lower than those in C group. In addition, the wound healing rate was faster and the length of hospital stay was shorter in GLN group than those in C group. CONCLUSION: Administration of L-glutamine could abate the degree of intestine damage obviously, lessen intestinal mucosal permeability, ameliorate wound healing rate and reduce the length of hospital stay.

OBJECTIVE:To study the effect of L-glutamine granules on protein metabolism and immunofunction in severely burned patients.METHODS:39 severe burn patients(total burn surface areas 30%～60%,full thickness burn areas 20%～50%) were randomly divided into two groups:control group(C group,19 patients) and glutamine treatment group(GLN group,20 patients).GLN group patients were given glutamine granules 0.5g/kg daily for 7 days,and C group were given same weight placebo for 7 days.The concentrations of plasma glutamine,prealbumin,transferrin,immunological globulin and IL-2 were determined.Moreover,the wound healing rate of burn area was observed and then hospital stay days were recorded.RESULTS:After 7 days of taking glutamine,the concentrations of plasma glutamine,prealbumin,transferrin IgG,IgM and IL-2 in GLN group were significant higher than those in before medication and C group(P0.05).The wound healing rate was faster and hospital stay days were shorter in GLN group than those in C group(P

OBJECTIVETo establish an efficient and high resolution 2-DE (two-dimensional electrophoresis) protocol for root tuber proteome analysis of Rehmannia glutinosa.

METHODProteins from root tuber of R. glutinosa were extracted by using five different methods and their productivity and profiles were assessed by means of SDS-PAGE and two-dimensional electrophoresis.

RESULTThe trichloroacetic acid (TCA)-phenol extraction method was found most effective for the extraction with the highest protein yield, the most spots in protein patterns, and the highest resolution of proteins, and the clearest background could be achieved simultaneously. A 1:5 solution of ampholine pH 3-10 and pH 5-8 for a nonlinear gel and the 170 microg of protein loading dosage obtained maps with more protein spots and higher resolution of separation patterns.

CONCLUSIONThis study based on the optimized root tuber proteome preparation and the 2-DE protocol gets a high resolution and reproducibility 2-DE image, which will be expected to have excellent applications in proteomics studies of R. glutinosa tuber root.

Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional ; methods ; Plant Proteins ; analysis ; chemistry ; Plant Roots ; chemistry ; Proteome ; chemistry ; isolation & purification ; Rehmannia ; chemistry

OBJECTIVETo observe the effect of different nutritional routes of giving nutrition on the intestinal mucus barrier in severely scalded rats.

METHODSWistar rats inflicted with 30% TBSA III degree scalding on the back were employed as the model and were randomly divided into 3 groups, i.e. control (C), parenteral nutrition (PN) and enteral nutrition (EN) groups. The rats in PN and EN groups were supplied with equal amount of nitrogen and calories and with equal volume of nutrition solution. The dynamic changes in the thickness of intestinal mucus layer and the contents of protein, hexose and acetylneuraminate in the mucus were examined.

RESULTSWhen compared with those in C group, the intestinal mucus layer became thinner and the contents of protein, hexose and acetylneuraminate in the mucus in both PN and EN groups decreased evidently after scalding. When compared between two nutritional groups, the thickness of intestinal mucus layer and the contents of the hexose and acetylneuraminate in the mucus in EN were much thicker and higher than those in PN group, while the mucus protein content exhibited no obvious difference between PN and EN groups.

CONCLUSIONIt was suggested that intestinal goblet cell synthesized and secreted less mucus after scalding in rats resulting in thinning of intestinal mucus layer and the change in mucus components. When compared with those in PN group, less injury to the intestinal goblet cells occurred and the intestinal mucus synthesis was less affected in EN group, and the components of intestinal mucus were maintained stable.

Animals ; Burns ; metabolism ; Enteral Nutrition ; Female ; Hexoses ; metabolism ; Intestinal Mucosa ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Parenteral Nutrition ; Proteins ; metabolism ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Sialic Acids ; metabolism ; Time Factors

OBJECTIVETo explore the influence of different nutritional support routes on the intestinal mucosal epithelial cell cycle in burned rats.

METHODSSixty-six Wistar rats inflicted with 30% TBSA III degree burns on the back were employed as the model and were randomly divided into enteral feeding group (EF) and intravenously parenteral nutrition group (PN). Equal volume of nutritional support fluid containing predetermined equal amount of calories and nitrogen was applied via feeding or intravenously infusion through external jugular vein. The indices were observed on 6, 12, 24, 48 and 72 postburn hours (PBHs) with the reference to those in 6 normal rats. The intestinal epithelial cell cycle in jejunal and ileal mucous membrane was analyzed by flow cytometry. Western blotting method was employed in the examination of the expression of cyclin D1, E and that of cyclin dependent kinase (CDK)2 and CDK4.

RESULTS(1) lntestinal mucosal epithelial G0/G1 ratio in jejunum in EF group was significantly lower than that in PN group at 72 PBHs (P < 0.05). While the ratio in ileum in EF was obviously higher than that in PN groups at 6, 12, 48 and 72 PBHs (P < 0.05). (2) The cell percentage of S phase in EF group was evidently higher than that in PN group (P < 0.05 - 0.01) at 48 and 72 PBHs. (3) Intestinal mucosal cyclin D1 expression increased significantly in EF group at 24 PBHs and in PN group at 48 PBHs (P < 0.05) and which in EF group was obviously higher than that in PN group at 72 PBHs (P < 0.05). (4) The expression of the intestinal mucosal cyclin E in EF group at 72 PBHs was evidently higher than the control value and that in PN group (P < 0.05). (5) The expression of CDK2 exhibited no obvious difference among PN,EF and control group (P < 0.05). The CDK4 expression in EF group increased obviously at 72 PBHs (P < 0.05).

CONCLUSIONEarly postburn enteral feeding was beneficial to the progression of intestinal mucosal epithelial cell cycle and to the repairing and renovation of injured intestinal mucosal membrane. Cyclin and CDK might be important in the modulation of the intestinal mucosal epithelial cell cycle.

Animals ; Burns ; metabolism ; pathology ; CDC2-CDC28 Kinases ; Cell Cycle ; physiology ; Cyclin D1 ; metabolism ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4 ; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases ; metabolism ; Disease Models, Animal ; Enteral Nutrition ; Female ; G1 Phase ; physiology ; Intestinal Mucosa ; metabolism ; pathology ; Male ; Protein-Serine-Threonine Kinases ; metabolism ; Proto-Oncogene Proteins ; Rats ; Rats, Wistar ; Resting Phase, Cell Cycle ; physiology ; S Phase ; physiology