BACKGROUND:The patients with neurogenic urinary incontinence could be cured to restore their urinary storage function through the implant of the suburethral sling made of appropriate materials in a reasonable way. Meanwhile the choice of materials and the safe and effective control of tension are crucial factors. OBJECTIVE:To review the implanted methods, effectiveness and safety of sling made of different materials in the surgical treatment of neurogenic stress urinary incontinence. METHODS:The PubMed database, English database, CNKI database and related English books were retrieved with computer from January 1986 to January 2012 for the articles on the urethral sling material, urethral sling placement methods, efficacy and safety. The key words were“urethral sling, neurogenic, urinary incontinence”in English and Chinese. Final y, 47 articles were included for review according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:Urethral sling is a safe, handy, and micro-invasive operation, by using autologous fascia or various synthetic materials to implant into the body. The mechanism of neurogenic urinary incontinence is mainly related with the change of bladder function or the insufficiency of urethral sphincter function. However, it is stil a big problem for us to assure the postoperative ability of such patients to store and control urine because of their complicated conditions.

Objective To observe the clinical efficacy and anticoagulant effects and safety of low-molecular-weight heparin (LMWH) on treatment of refractory nephrotic syndrome(NS).Methods 33 patients of primary NS complicated with hypercoagulability were randomly divided into two groups: the control and the treatment groups. The control group was treated with prednisolone(1mg/kg/d) plus oral cyclophosphamide (50mg bid) and methylprednisolone 0 5～1g(20mg/kg/time) in glucose 250ml(5%) intravenously by drip . While the treated group was administered, on the basis of the therapeutic scheme of the control group, with subcutaneous injection of LMWH (5000IU bid) for 4 weeks, the clinical symptom was observed in both groups before and after the treatment ,the 24h urine protein quantitative determination,renal function,anti thrombin III (AT-III) activity,fibrinogen(FIB),D-dimer(DD),plasma factor Xa( Fxa),plasma factor IIa(FIIa) were also tested, the side effects in two groups were observed at the same time. Results The 24h urine protein quantitative determination,blood urea nitrogen(BUN) and serum Cr were significantly decreased(P

Objective To explore three-dimensional ultrasonographic features of common ocular diseases. Methods To acquire the data, the free-hand scanning without positioning system was employed in 3 to 5 seconds. Following or after acquisitions, the data were processed and 3D image was reconstructed. Then three-dimensional ultrasonographic features of ocular diseases were characterized. Results 3D images were rendered successfully on 46 eyes of 48 ones. The reconstruction of 3D ultrasonography provided clear stereo images in which shape, dimension, structure, location of retinal detachment, choroidal detachment, vitreous fibrous membrane, lens dislocation, intraocular foreign body and intraocular trauma could be clearly demonstrated. Conclusions 3D ultrasonography needs much shorter scanning time with good space visualization. In the diagnosis of ocular diseases 3D ultrasonic reconstruction can provide more useful information than traditional 2D ultrasonography.

OBJECTIVE: To optimize the preparation technology of poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) microspheres loaded with ropivacaine (ROP-PLGA-MS) and study their powder particle characteristics and in vitro release characteristics. METHODS: ROP-PLGA-MS was prepared with PLGA as carriers using the water-in-oil-in-water(W/O/W) emulsion solvent evaporation method. The micromeritic characteristics of ROP-PLGA-MS,such as the particle size,loading and entrapment efficiency were taken as indexes for evaluation,and the preparation technology was optimized by orthogonal design. Its dissolution characteristics in vitro were studied. RESULTS: The prepared microspheres were spherical with smooth surfaces,with an average particle size of (2.525?0.047) ?m and over 80% falling in the range of 1.8～5.0 ?m. The encapsulation efficiency was (58.05?1.169)% and the drug loading efficiency was (6.067 ?0.312)%. The in vitro release curves of ropivacaine microspheres could be fitted with Higuchi equation. The accumulated release percentage of which was 82 % in 192 h,and t1/2=60.16 h. CONCLUSION: ROP-PLGA-MS has obvious sustained release.

OBJECTIVE: To explore the clinical characteristics and genetic basis of a child with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) in conjunct with congenital heart disease (CHD). METHODS: A child who was hospitalized at the Third People's Hospital of Chengdu on April 13, 2021 was selected as the study subject. Clinical data of the child were collected. Peripheral blood samples of the child and his parents were collected and subjected to whole exome sequencing (WES). A GTX genetic analysis system was used to analyze the WES data and screen candidate variants for ASD. Candidate variant was verified by Sanger sequencing and bioinformatics analysis. Real-time fluorescent quantitative PCR (qPCR) was carried out to compare the expression of mRNA of the NSD1 gene between this child and 3 healthy controls and 5 other children with ASD. RESULTS: The patient, an 8-year-old male, has manifested with ASD, mental retardation and CHD. WES analysis revealed that he has harbored a heterozygous c.3385+2T>C variant in the NSD1 gene, which may affect the function of its protein product. Sanger sequencing showed that neither of his parent has carried the same variant. By bioinformatic analysis, the variant has not been recorded in the ESP, 1000 Genomes and ExAC databases. Analysis with Mutation Taster online software indicated it to be disease causing. Based on the guidelines from the American College of Medical Genetics and Genomics (ACMG), the variant was predicted to be pathogenic. By qPCR analysis, the expression level of mRNA of the NSD1 gene in this child and 5 other children with ASD was significantly lower than that of the healthy controls (P < 0.001). CONCLUSION The c.3385+2T>C variant of the NSD1 gene can significantly reduce its expression, which may predispose to ASD. Above finding has enriched the mutational spectrum the NSD1 gene.
Male ; Child ; Humans ; Autism Spectrum Disorder/genetics* ; Heart Defects, Congenital/genetics* ; Computational Biology ; Genomics ; Mutation ; RNA, Messenger/genetics* ; Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase/genetics*

Objective:To collect data on urinary flow rate in the elderly female population across the country and to analyze the range of reference values.Methods:This study enrolled 333 subjects from July 2020 to June 2022.The study implementation process was divided into two steps.In the first step, subjects completed an electronic questionnaire, which included basic information about the subject, a short form for urinary incontinence, and a scoring form for the symptoms of overactive bladder syndrome.In the second step, the staff introduced the use of a mobile uroflowmetric device and distributed the instrument and materials.Uroflow rate data were automatically uploaded to a cloud database via the mobile phone.Subsequently, two or more physicians specializing in urinary control performed Uroflow rate-qualifying screenings and conducted statistical analyses.Results:A total of 333 subjects were enrolled in the study, and the researchers collected 1375 qualified urine flow rate records using a mobile urine flow rate instrument.The age of the subjects ranged from 60 to 84 years, with a mean age of 69 years.The reference ranges for urinary flow rate were found to be 24.8-26.2 s, with a mean urinary flow rate of 12.2-12.9 ml/s, a maximum urinary flow rate of 22.2-23.4 ml/s, and a time to peak of 8.5-9.7 s. The study observed a tendency for both maximal and mean urinary flow rates to decrease in older women as their age increased(Pearson correlation coefficient: -0.1, P<0.001). Conclusions:The uroflow rate of older women decreases with aging.Specifically, the average uroflow rate of women over 80 years old is lower than that of other age groups.This study aims to establish normal uroflow parameters for uroflowmetry in healthy older women in China.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the predictors and outcomes of acute kidney injury (AKI) among patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). OBJECTIVE: This retrospective observational study was conducted among patients with a confirmed diagnosis of COVID-19 admitted to Hankou Hospital between January, 5 and March 8, 2020. We evaluated the association of AKI with the demographic and biochemical parameters and clinical outcomes of the patients using univariate regression analysis. OBJECTIVE: Atotal of 287 COVID-19 patients, including 55 with AKI and 232 without AKI, were included in the analysis. Compared with the patients without AKI, the patients with AKI were older, predominantly male, and were more likely to have hypoxia and pre-existing hypertension and cerebrovascular diseases. The patients with AKI also had higher levels of white blood cells, D-dimer, aspartate aminotransferase, total bilirubin, creatine kinase, lactate dehydrogenase, procalcitonin, C-reactive protein, a higher prevalence of hyperkalemia, lower lymphocyte counts, and higher chest computed tomographic scores. The incidence of stage 1 AKI was 14.3% and that of stage 2 or 3 AKI was 4.9%. The patients with AKI had much higher mortality rate than those without AKI. OBJECTIVE AKI is an important complication of COVID-19. An older age, a male gender, multiple pre- existing comorbidities, lymphopenia, increased infection indicators, elevated D-dimer, and impaired heart and liver functions are all potential risk factors ofAKI. COVID- 19 patients with AKI that progresses into stages 2 or 3 AKI have a high mortality rate. Prevention of AKI and monitoring kidney function is critical in the care of COVID-19 patients.
Acute Kidney Injury/epidemiology* ; Aged ; COVID-19 ; China/epidemiology* ; Humans ; Male ; Retrospective Studies ; SARS-CoV-2