Objective To investigate the distribution and the characteristics of HBV genotype in Kunming City,China.Methods The HBV genotypes and HBV-DNA levels of 360 patients in Kunming were detected by real-time quantitative PCR using type-specific primers,the serum-types were also detected in ELISA at the same time.Results Of the 360 specimens,346(96.11%) could be detected directly,among them 196 were genotype C(56.65%),91 were genotype B(26.30%),91 were genotype B(26.30%),37 were in B-C mix-type (10.69%),21 were genotype D(6.07%),1 were genotype A(0.29%).Among them,the genotype C was higer than the others (P<0.01);HBV-DNA levels of the patients with genotype C and B-C mix-type were higer than the genotype B and the others(P<0.01,P<0.05) (beside the positive proportions of genotype B was lower in the serum with"HB-sAg( + ),HBeAg( + ),anti-HBc( + )"(P<0.01),the other genotypes were no relation with their serum-types (P>0.05);the 360 specimens,14(3.89%)could not be detected directly,the average level of them was 4.136X 103IU/ml,it was lower than that of others(P<0.05).Conclusion The HBV-genotypes in Kunming area are abundant,including genotype C,B,D,A and B/C mix-type.The dominant genotype of HBV are C and B,and the HBV-DNA level of genotypes B/C mix-type and C were singnificantly higher than that of others ;The negative relation existed between the genotype B's frequency and the positive proportions of HBeAg;The genotype D frequency of this region is higher than that of lower-altitude inland areas and lower than that of plateau areas around Lahsa,which probably stands for its epidemiologic feature.Meanwhile,those samples without direct identification contain relatively lower level of HBV-DNA,which probably suggests that HBV genotype should be conducted on a basis of a certain HBV-DNA quantity.

OBJECTIVE:To observe therapeutic efficacy and side effect of perospirone in the treatment of elderly depression. METHODS:64 elderly patients with depression were randomly divided into paroxetine combined with perospirone group (drug combination group) and paroxetine group (single drug group) with 32 patients in each group. Both groups were given paroxetine 20-40 mg/d,and drug combination group was additionally given perospirone 4-8 mg/d. HAMD and CGI-SI were adopted to evalu-ate therapeutic efficacy after 8 weeks treatment,and side effect was evaluated with TESS scale;those were compared between 2 groups. RESULTS:After 8 weeks treatment,the effective rate of drug combination group and single drug group were 75.0% and 50.0%;there was statistical significance(P<0.05). There was statistically significant difference in HAMD and CGI-SI scores be-tween two groups(P<0.05). There was no statistically significant difference in the incidence of ADR between 2 groups(P>0.05). CONCLUSIONS:Small-dose of perospirone can improve therapeutic efficacy of paroxetine in the treatment of elderly depression with less side effect and good safety.

Along with the "Two Meeting in 2006" convening,medical ethics construction has attracted people's attention again.I think the medical ethics construction should be ensured from its headstream,in other words,we should enhance the medical ethics education of medical students.It is very necessity to enhance the medical ethics education for the development of chinese traditional medical student,whether from the social expect,medical ethics education or from the study character of chinese traditional medicine.The end for medical ethics education is to develop medical students into doctors having mercy heart,noble soul,honest manner and polish technigue.And we should dewelop students from study of books,experient of practice and influence of culture.

Objective To investigate the causes of clinical misdiagnosis for gastric mucosa associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma (GMALT). Methods The clinical manifestations of and accessory examination for GMALT in 32 cases were retrospectively analyzed. Results Clinical misdiagnosis was made on 32 out of 78 cases (41%) of GMALT for a period of 5 days to 13 months. Radiographic misdiagnosis rate was 40% and endoscopic misdiagnosis rate was 37%. Conclusion The preoperative diagnosis of GMALT was difficult because the incidence of GMALT is low, the symptoms are nonspecific, and radiologic and fibergastroscopic features were very similar to those of gastric carcinoma and peptic ulcer.

The cooperation of NO air-feed system and respirator, in which the integrative and separate modes are involved, is introduced in this paper. Its disadvantages and development trend are also discussed on the bases of the constitution of the mixed gas containing NO and O2/air, the synchronous working of NO air-feed system and respirator and the inspection of NO/NO2 gas.

Objective:To establish the fingerprints of Rhizoma Atractylodis macrocephalae from different origins with high performance liquid chromatography(HPLC)technology,which was furthermore applied in the quality comparison of plant resource.Methods:In this method,C1 8column(4.6mm?250 mm)was used with the mobile phase containing acetonitrile-water for gradient elution,acetonitrile(A):0-15min,75%;15-20min,75%-95%;20-35min,95%;35-40min,95%-75%;40-50min,75%,flow rate 1 mL/min and wave length 220nm.Results:The HPLC fingerprints of Rhizoma Atractylodis macrocephalae from different origins were established and the correlated coefficients of each were calculated.9 common peaks were determined in HPLC chromatogram,three of them were identified as atractylenolideⅢ,Ⅰand atractylon respectively.Conclusion:The method was simple,reproducible and can be used as plant resource selection and quality control of Rhizoma Atractylodis macrocephalae.

Objective To carry out a systematic study on the chemical constituents in the fruits of Momordica grosvenori. Methods To isolate pure compounds by using repeated column chromatography,while the structure of a new compound was determined by detailed spectral analysis. Results Four cucurbitane triterpenoid glycosides, mogroside Ⅱ E (Ⅰ), mogroside Ⅲ (Ⅱ), grosmomoside Ⅰ (Ⅲ), and mogroside Ⅴ (Ⅳ) were isolated from the 50% ethanolic extract of the fruits of M. grosvenori. Conclusion Grosmomoside Ⅰ is a new compound identified as mogrol-3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside-24-O-{[β-D-glucopyranosyl (2-1 ) ]- [β-D-glucopyranosyl (6-1 ) ]-β-D-galactopyranoside } and the other three compounds are known compounds.

BACKGROUND:To prepare glucose-responsive microcapsules which can control insulin release as changing the glucose concentration in the medium is of great significance to control the occurrence and development of diabetes mel itus. OBJECTIVE:To study the performance of glucose-responsive alginate/modified-chitosan/alginate microcapsules carryingβ-TC3 cells. METHODS:Glucose-responsive alginate/modified-chitosan/alginate microcapsules were prepared by layer-by-layer self-assembly method to evaluate the performance. And the glucose-responsive microcapsules carryingβ-TC3 cells were prepared to observe the cel proliferation within the microcapsules. RESULTS AND CONCLUSION:The integrity rate of glucose-responsive alginate/modified-chitosan/alginate microcapsules could be 95%after 48 hours oscil ation, and the hardness of microcapsules lowered, but the elasticity increased. The permeability test showed that microcapsules intercepted macromolecular substances such as bovine serum albumin and immuno-globulin G. The microcapsules could release more insulin with the increase of glucose concentration. As described above, the glucose-responsive alginate/modified-chitosan/alginate microcapsules had good mechanical strength, immunoisolation effect and glucose sensitivity. Theβ-TC3 cells entrapped in the glucose-responsive microcapsules could grow wel and the peak of cel proliferation lagged behind as compared with non-microencapsulated cells, indicating the glucose-responsive microcapsules had good biocompatibility.

Objective:To discuss the external factors causing medical equipment malfunction and the way to reduce it.Methods:Based on years of maintenance experience,this paper made an analysis from four aspects.Resuits:In order to keep medical equipment working normally,one should not only provide appropriate environment,steady power supply,good quality grounding,but also use and maintain the equipment correctly.Conclusion:Almost 80%of medical equipment failures are related to working condition,operation procedure service,power supply and grounding.

Objective To study the chemical constituents in the fruits of Momordica grosvenori. Methods Isolation and purification of the constituents were carried out on column chromatography. Their structures were identified by NMR and MS spectral analyses. Results Ten compounds were isolated and elucidated as kaempferol (Ⅰ), kaempferol 7-O-?-L-rhamnopyranoside (Ⅱ), kaempferitrin (Ⅲ), mogroside ⅡE (Ⅳ), mogroside Ⅲ (Ⅴ), kaempferol 3-O-?-L-rhamnopyranoside-7-O-[?-D-glucopyranosyl (1-2)-?-L-rhamnopyranoside] (Ⅵ), mogroside ⅣA (Ⅶ), grosmomoside Ⅰ (Ⅷ), mogroside Ⅴ (Ⅸ), and mogroside ⅡA1 (Ⅹ). Conclusion Compounds Ⅶ and Ⅹ are new natural products, and Ⅰ is isolated from the fruits of M. grosvenori for the first time.