Objective To explore the related risk factors of esophageal variceal bleeding (BEV).Methods 69 liver cirrhosis patients with BEV were selected as the observation group.60 liver cirrhosis patients with no BEV were selected as the control group.The two groups were observed of age and the degree of esophageal varices,portal vein diameter (PVD),splenic vein diameter(SVD),thickness of spleen(SPT),the maximum depth of ascites fluid dark area (ASmax) and other related ultrasound index.Laboratory indexes were including prothrombin time (PT),serum total bilirubin (TBIL),serum albumin(ALB).Results The average age of the observation group was (52.71 ± 4.33) years old,which was higher than (46.83 ± 5.19) years old of the control group (t =4.08,P ＜0.05).The liver function(Child-pugh) Grade A and grade C in the observation group patients were 78.33％ and 0.00％,and compared with the control group,the difference was significant statistically (x2 =4.97,P ＜ 0.05).Esophageal varices with severe and mild of the observation group were 80.00％ and 1.67％,and compared with the control group,the difference was statistically significant(x2 =4.08,5.48,P ＜0.05).RC of the observation group was 78.33％,which was higher than 30.43％ of the control group(x2 =5.11,P ＜ 0.05).PVD,SVD,SPT and ASmax of the observation group were (16.05 ±3.14)mm,(11.24 ±3.21)mm,(46.90 ±6.26)mm and (57.91 ±6.11)mm,respectively,and compared with the control group,the differences were significant statistically (t =4.37,6.12,5.18,7.22,all P ＜ 0.05).PT of the observation group was (17.66 ± 2.08) s,which was higher than (13.93 ± 1.67) s of the control group (t =4.75,P ＜0.05).TBIL of the observation group was (172.63 ± 16.50) μmol/L,which was higher than (138.44 ± 12.71) μmol/L of the control group(t =5.44,P ＜ 0.05).ALB of the observation group patients was (27.36 ± 3.44) g/L,which was lower than (30.85 ± 2.75) g/L of the control group(t =7.09,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Age,liver function,PT and RC,PT,ASmax,PVD were related risk factors of patients with BEV.

BACKGROUND:Tetramethylpyrazine (TMP) can inhibit the expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), but it is uncertain that TMP inhibit the growth and proliferation of HL-60 leukemic cells induced by VEGF.OBJECTIVE:To observe the effect of TMP on the proliferation of HL-60 leukemic cells induced by VEGF.DESIGN:Repetitive measurement and observation.SETTING:School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology.MATERIALS:The experiment was carried out in the Molecular Biology Laboratory Center, School of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology from March to June in 2007. Human leukemic cell line HL-60 cells were purchased from Shanghai Institute of Cell Biology. TMP hydrochloride injection was produced by Wuxi Seventh Pharmaceutical Products Limited (Lot number:011014), protamine sulfate injection was produced by Shanghai First Biochemical Pharmaceuticals (Batch number:010302), and immunohistochemistry kit was purchased from Boster company.METHODS:①Human leukemic cell line HL-60 cells at log phase were used for the experiments. Cells were treated with 100 μg/L VEGF, and then TMP at final concentrations of 1.5, 15, 150 mg/L was added into culture medium. While the cells in medium without TMP were taken as blank control group, and the cells in medium with 20 mg/L protamine as positive control group. Meanwhile cells without treatment of VEGF were served as VEGF control group. After cells were incubated for 48 hours, the growth inhibiting rate of HL-60 cells was detected by MTT assay.②After HL-60 cells were treated with TMP at the final concentrations of 1.5, 15, 150 mg/L for 24 hours, the protein expression of VEGF in HL-60 cells was examined by SP immunohistochemistry.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Growth inhibiting rate of HL-60 cells.②Protein expression of VEGF.RESULTS:①Growth inhibiting rate of HL-60 cells:After HL-60 cells induced by VEGF were treated with 15 and 150 mg/L TMP, the absorbance value was significantly lower than that in VEGF control group (P < 0.05).②Protein expression of VEGF:After HL-60 cells were treated with TMP for 24 hours, the protein expression of VEGF was down-regulated with increasing TMP concentration in a dependent manner. Significant differences were observed in the protein expression of VEGF between cells treated by TMP and the controls (P < 0.01).CONCLUSION:TMP can inhibit the proliferation of HL-60 cells stimulated by VEGF and down-regulate the expression of VEGF.

Radiofrequency ablation is an effective treatment for malignant tumors. With the development of imaging technique, it has been widely used in treating different kinds of malignant tumors, such as liver cancer, lung cancer, kidney carcinoma, etc. Radiofrequency ablation has a lot of advantages. As a minimally-invasive, safe and effective treatment with less sufferings and fewer complications, this technique has attracted more and more attention of the experts both at home and abroad.

OBJECTIVE To study the clinical characteristics and the prevention measures of the hospital-acquired pneumonia in senile dementia patients.METHODS We analyzed retrospectively the cognitive function(using mini-mental state examination,MMSE) and activities of daily living(Barthel Index) of 113 senile dementia patients who were hospitalized in the Department of Neurology between Jan 2003 and Oct 2008(31 confirmed cases were treated as infected group,and the remaining 82 cases as control group),and found out the risk factors for infected with hospital-acquired pneumonia,the pathogenic bacteria and their resistance,then formulated prevention and control measures.RESULTS Among 113 senile dementia patients,31 cases were infected with hospital-acquired pneumonia,and these patients had obviously lower MMSE scores and ADL scores than the non-infected patients(P

Objective To observe the morphological changes of hairs in two patients with loose anagen hair syndrome.Methods Light microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the morphology of hair shaft and follicles from two patients,including a 3-year-old girl child and her mother,with loose anagen hair syndrome.Results Light microscopy revealed that hair bulb was deformed,hair shaft was distorted,damaged,and even disrupted,and hairs tapered in diameter at their distal end.Scanning electron microscopy showed deformed or distorted hair shaft and wave-like edge of hair cuticles.Transmission electron microscopy revealed that pathological changes were mainly localized in the inner root sheath with vacuolization in both inner and outer root sheath cells.Intercellular adhesion was weak with a decrease or disappearance of desmosomes.Conclusion The pathological changes of hairs are mainly localized in the inner root sheath in patients with loose anagen hair syndrome.

In order to investigate the possibility of analysis of single strand DNA by using DNA biosensor, we developed a quartz crystal DNA biosensor and studied its performances. The single strand DNA probe was immobilized on the surface of gold filled quartz crystal by biotin immunoreaction. The DNA biosensors were used to detect the complete complementary and single base mismatch complementary single strand DNA in solution. The DNA biosensors were regenerated with 0 1mol/L HCl after hybridization. The hybridization sensitivity of quartz crystal DNA biosensor is 10ng/ml. In the range of 5～40ng/ml, there was a linear correlation between responding signals and concentrations of complementary single strand DNA with a high specificity. The DNA biosensor could be repeatedly used over 5 times by using 0 1mol/L HCl for regeneration.

Objective To construct a kind of novel electrochemical glucose biosensor for clinical detection.Methods Multiwall carbon tube(MWCNTs),NanoAu and glucose oxidase(GOD) were immobilized on the Au electrode by monolayer self-assemble.Cyclic voltammetry and linear scan voltammetry were used to investigate the assembling process and the chemical characteristics of the glucose biosensor.Results The linearity of glucose in the range of 10～1 400 mg/L with the correlation coefficient of R2=0.990 9 was obtained by linear scan voltammetry and the detection limited reached 0.000 1 mg/L.The four criterion samples were measured with 3 different biosensors in same conditions and the RSD

Objective To develope a new kind of piezoelectric immunosensor which could detect anti-HCV antibody in short time.Methods The corresponding sensitive material was fixed on the piezoelectric immunosensor by polyethylenimine adhesion and glutaraldehyde cross-linking method.The assembly condition and response characters were investigated and the piezoimmunosensor could be used in detection of clinical blood specimen.Results The respond of the positive serum was 4 times higher than that of negative serum.HBsAg had little interference to the detection of anti-HCV antibody.Conclusion The piezoelectric immunosensor prepared in this study is highly selective,easy to be operated for effective detection of anti-HCV antibody.

BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide (NO) is synthesized by catalysis of nitric oxide synthase (NOS). Three distinct isoforms of NOS have been detected in different structures of the guinea pig cochlea. However, there are still rather controversies about the definite localization and expression of NOS isoforms in guinea pig cochlea.OBJECTIVE: To investigate localization and expression of three NOS isoforms in the cochlea of guinea pigs, and to explore the effect of NO on auditory physiology and pathophysiology of inner ear.DESIGN: An observed and controlled study.SETTING: Department of Physiology, Jinzhou Medical College; Department of Orthopedics, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Jinzhou; Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Jinzhou Central Hospital.MATERIALS: The study was performed in Hearing Research Laboratory of China Medical University from May to November 2000. Ten healthy male albino guinea pigs, with body mass of 250-300 g, with sensitive Preyer's reflexes and normal drum membrane and external auditory canal,were selected.METHODS: After anesthesia, guinea pigs were decapitated and the temporal bones were removed immediately. The round and oval windows were opened, perfused with 40 g/L paraformaldehyde, and the specimens were immersed in the same fixative solution for 2 hours. Decalcification of the cochleae was performed in 100 g/L EDTA solution for 1 week. Then the specimens were placed in 250 g/L sucrose solution overnight and embedded in OCT. Cryostat (20 μm) sections were prepared for immunohistochemistry.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Localization and expression of three NOS isoforms in the cochlea of guinea pigs.RESULTS: All data of ten guinea pigs was entered the final analysis without any loss. [1] Neuronal-type nNOS and endothelial-type eNOS immunoreactivity were localized in inner and outer hair cells of the organ of Corti, as well as in spiral ganglion cells. In addition, staining for nNOS and eNOS were also seen in the marginal cells of stria vascularis, spiral ligament cells, and in nerve fibers. [2] Inducible-type iNOS immunoreactivity was also detected in above each structure of the guinea pig cochlea under physiological conditions.CONCLUSION:NO may play an important role in neurotransmission,blood flow regulation, and cytotoxicity.

Objective To analyze the outcomes and the prognostic factors of allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation (allo-PBSCT) for acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).Method From Feb.2002 to Feb.2014,a total of 95 patients with ALL were treated with alloPBSCT in our hospital.Of these,73 cases obtained the first CR (CR1),11 cases obtained late CR,7 patients were in relapse and 3 patients suffered from primarily refractory disease (PRD) before transplant.The median age was 26 (4-57) years.Conditioning regimens including total body irradiation (TBI)/ etoposide/semustine/cyclophosphamide or busulfan/semustine/cyclophosphamide were used.Matched sibling transplantation was performed on 68 patients,and matched unrelated donor transplantation was performed on 27 patients.Combination of CsA,MTX and low-dose,short-course mycophenolate mofetil was used for graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) prophylaxis.The average fellow-up was 57 months.Result Hematopoietic reconstitution was achieved in all 95 patients.Five-year estimate of overall survival (OS) was 54.3％,disease free survival (DFS) was 51.2％,relapse rate (RR) was 30.2％ and transplant-related mortality (TRM) was 24.0％.The 5 year OS and DFS were significantly longer in patients with CR1 than in late CR and relapse/PRD patients before allo-PBSCT (P＜0.001).There was no significant difference in OS between the two different conditioning regimens.Multivariate analyses revealed that Ⅱ-Ⅳ aGVHD and cGVHD were correlated with higher TRM,CR1 before allo-PBSCT and TBI were associated with a lower RR,and non Ⅱ-Ⅳ aGVHD and CR1 before allo-PBSCT were favorable factors which were associated with OS and DFS.In the patients with DFS≥1 year after allo-PBSCT,DFS and OS were shorter in patients with cGVHD (P =0.008).Conclusion Allo-PBSCT in adult ALL patients should be performed in CR1.Severe acute and chronic GVHD are not associated with improved survival.