In the Qing Dynasty,TANG Rong-chuan holded that 'qi blocked by blood would result in pain,and blood vaporized by qi would change into pus'.Take the surgical disease for example,pathogens of sore would be easily expelled by vigorous qi,on the contrary,if qi was deficient the pathogens of sore would be hardly expelled.Qi was water,qi reached so water reached.So the blood changed into pus which liked water-shape in terms of qi.Wound would maturate after was touched with water.Water was the essence of qi.So,blood stasis would transform into sore when it was influenced by qi.Whereas,the blood stasis was still blood without the influence of qi.Blood obeyed to qi,qi controlled blood flow.So,in clinic,the blood disease should be treated by regulating qi.Qi and blood played important role in the occurrence,development,prognosis and the treatment of the sore disease.

0.05); (2) Reticulocytes, pretreated by pronase and then by PI-PLC, give a significant decrease in iron uptake in cytosol and in heme (P

AIM: To investigate the possible role of P97 in non - transferrin bound iron uptake by rabbit reticulocytes. METHODS: The iron uptake were measured by the method of radioisotope (5gFe). RESULTS: (1) Only PI - PLC treatment had no apparent effect on iron uptake by reticulocytes (P > 0.05); (2) Reticulocytes, pretreated by pronase and then by PI - PLC, give a significant decrease in iron uptake in cytosol and in hemne ( P < 0.01). CONCLUSION: The results support the possibility that P97 might be able to be expressed on the membrane of reticulocytes and plays a role in non - transferrin bound iron uptake by this type of cells in the rabbit.

Objective To investigate the distribution and the characteristics of HBV genotype in Kunming City,China.Methods The HBV genotypes and HBV-DNA levels of 360 patients in Kunming were detected by real-time quantitative PCR using type-specific primers,the serum-types were also detected in ELISA at the same time.Results Of the 360 specimens,346(96.11%) could be detected directly,among them 196 were genotype C(56.65%),91 were genotype B(26.30%),91 were genotype B(26.30%),37 were in B-C mix-type (10.69%),21 were genotype D(6.07%),1 were genotype A(0.29%).Among them,the genotype C was higer than the others (P<0.01);HBV-DNA levels of the patients with genotype C and B-C mix-type were higer than the genotype B and the others(P<0.01,P<0.05) (beside the positive proportions of genotype B was lower in the serum with"HB-sAg( + ),HBeAg( + ),anti-HBc( + )"(P<0.01),the other genotypes were no relation with their serum-types (P>0.05);the 360 specimens,14(3.89%)could not be detected directly,the average level of them was 4.136X 103IU/ml,it was lower than that of others(P<0.05).Conclusion The HBV-genotypes in Kunming area are abundant,including genotype C,B,D,A and B/C mix-type.The dominant genotype of HBV are C and B,and the HBV-DNA level of genotypes B/C mix-type and C were singnificantly higher than that of others ;The negative relation existed between the genotype B's frequency and the positive proportions of HBeAg;The genotype D frequency of this region is higher than that of lower-altitude inland areas and lower than that of plateau areas around Lahsa,which probably stands for its epidemiologic feature.Meanwhile,those samples without direct identification contain relatively lower level of HBV-DNA,which probably suggests that HBV genotype should be conducted on a basis of a certain HBV-DNA quantity.

Objective To investigate the distribution and to analyze the immunological mechanism of HBV-infected serum-type in Kunming City,China.Methods We studied all the 98462 tests of the "HbsAg,anti-HBs,HbeAg,anti-Hbe,anti-HBc" in our lab since 2000,from which we selected 426 samples that contain all kinds of serum-types of the HBV infection and 50 health samples as a control group.The HBV-DNA levels of the 426 samples were detected by real-time quantitative PCR,and the activity of ALT and AST were also detected at the same time.Results Among the 98462 samples,we found 12 kinds of HBV-infected serum-types in all,4 of which were recently found and infrequent in Kunming City(the proportions were lower than the others,P

Objective To develop a portable analyzer which can rapidly detect antigen of type B hepatitis,antibody of HIV and H5N1 in blood samples.Methods The micro-processor of STC89C52 was adopted as the controlling core in the system.Based on an embedded technology,the analyzer can rapidly detect the antigen of type B hepatitis,antibody of HIV and H5N1 by processing the synchronic frequency of quartz crystal micro-array and by sensitivity of quality on the surface of quartz crystal with special identification between antibody and antigen.Results The system has the advantages of high sensitivity,better sample-specific characteristics,convenient portability and multi-parameter simultaneous detection.Conclusion The piezoelectric analyzer exceeds the traditional reagent method and serves for institution of scientific research and hospital widely.

Nano-materials are immensely applied in piezoelectric, electrochemical, optical, magnetic biosensors based on clearly unique nature of it. The important role of nano-materials in biosensors is expounded and the latest application of novel functional nano -materials in biosensor is introduced emphatically, such as nanoparticles, nanotubes, nanowires, quantum dots and nanofibers. The researches make clear that nano-materials can provide momentous value in enhancing performance of biosensors, such as sensitivity, detection range, and repetitiveness of biosensors, as immobilization materials or carriers.

Objective To observe the morphological changes of hairs in two patients with loose anagen hair syndrome.Methods Light microscopy,scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy were used to observe the morphology of hair shaft and follicles from two patients,including a 3-year-old girl child and her mother,with loose anagen hair syndrome.Results Light microscopy revealed that hair bulb was deformed,hair shaft was distorted,damaged,and even disrupted,and hairs tapered in diameter at their distal end.Scanning electron microscopy showed deformed or distorted hair shaft and wave-like edge of hair cuticles.Transmission electron microscopy revealed that pathological changes were mainly localized in the inner root sheath with vacuolization in both inner and outer root sheath cells.Intercellular adhesion was weak with a decrease or disappearance of desmosomes.Conclusion The pathological changes of hairs are mainly localized in the inner root sheath in patients with loose anagen hair syndrome.

Many tumor cells are resistant to cell apoptosis through the expression of antiapoptotic proteins. c-FLIP is a ma-jor resistance protein of antiapoptosis. In human cells, there are three types of c-FLIP, c-FLIPL , c-FLIPS and c-FLIPR . The c-FLIP binds to FADD to prevent the formation of procaspase-8-DISC and the subsequent activation of caspase cascade. Further-more, c-FLIPL and c-FLIPS have multifunctional roles in various cellular signaling pathways, as well as up-regulating several cyto-protective signaling. Studies show that upregulation of c-FLIP has been found in various tumors, and its downregulation has been shown to restore apoptosis triggered by various chemothera-peutic agents, like the transcriptional regulating agents, trichos-tatin-A, camptothecin, cisplatin, doxorubicin, etc. or other new biotechnologies, such as the specific siRNA. Therefore, c-FLIPS are important targets of cancer therapy. This review summarizes the results on the role of c-FLIP in cancer chemotherapy of tradi-tional antitumor agents and siRNA, and to provide new ideas and rationales of searching for the antiapoptosis effective compounds that can specifically antagonize c-FLIP.

OBJECTIVE To prepare pneumolysin(Pn)by genetic engineering and thereby establish the basis for the study of vaccines against otitis media. METHODS A pair of primers including two restriction sites was designed based on the pneumolysin gene sequence reported by Walker in 1987. The pneumolysin gene was PCR-amplified from pneumococcal DNA. The resulting fragment, digested by restriction enzymes, was ligated into the vector PET-28a and then transformed into host cell E.coli JM109(DE3). RESULTS The sequence of the inserted pneumolysin gene was confirmed by DNA sequencing. CONCLUSION The pneumolysin gene was successfully cloned into the host cell.