Objective To investigate the risk factors of symptomatic cerebral vasospasm (SCVS) after craniocerebral trauma. Method The clinical data of 308 patients with craniocerehral trauma were analyzed by single factor analysis and Logistic regression analysis. Resnlts SCVS occurred in 94 patients (30.52%). The risk factors were subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH), Glasgow coma scale, blood glucose, emergency operation,smoking and age. Conclusions Various factors are related to the development of SCVS after craniocerebral trauma. Prophylactic treatments should be given in early stage for the patients with risk factors.

BACKGROUND: Frenulum of prepuce of penis contained many nerve terminals is an extremely sensitive region. If the frenulum is injured in circumcision or other operations, the complication, such as postoperative spontaneous pain of penis, sexual disturbance and so on, will occur. But there still is no define explanation for this up to now.OBJECTIVE: To observe the distribution of immunoreactive nerve terminal of calcitonin gene-related peptide (CGRP) in prepuce of penis and frenulum of prepuce of adult SD rats, and look for the source of CGRP immunoreactive nerve terminal in frenulum of prepuce.DESIGN: A single sample trial.SETTING:Department of Anatomy, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University.MATERIALS: The experiment was performed at Department of Anatomy,School of Medicine. Zhejiang University from September 2004 to May 2005. A total of 20 adult male SD rats were selected, and were raised in warm, quiet, photophygous environment for 1 week before the trial so as to make the rats fit for the environment and maintain their basal state.METHODS: The rats were assigned randomly into 2 groups. Ten rats in the first group were treated with the immunohistochemical method to observe the distribution of CGRP immunoreactive nerve terminal in prepuce of penis and frenulum of prepuce of adult rats. Ten rats in the second group were treated with fluorogold (FG) retrograde labeled combined with CGRP immunofluorescence labeled method to look for the source of CGRP immunoreactive nerve terminal in frenulum of prepuce of penis. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ①The morphology and distribution of CGRP immunoreactive nerve terminal in prepuee of penis and frenulum of prepuce of adult SD rats were observed under light microscope. ②The distributive density and difference of CGRP immunoreactive nerve terminal in prepuce of penis and frenulum of prepuce were detected and compared (represented by A). ③Morphology and distribution of FG retrograde labeled -positive, CGRP single-labeled positive and FG/CGRP double-labeled positive neurons in dorsal root ganglion were observe under fluorescence microscope. ④Mean quantity of FG retrograde labeled positive, CGRP single abeled positive and FG/CGRP double-labeled positive neurons in dorsal root ganglion was counted.RESULTS: Totally 20 rats were involved in the analysis of results. ① Amber-coloured CGRP immunoreactive nerve terminal appeared in prepuce of penis and frenulum of prepuce of adult rats. These nerve terminal mainly occurred in basal layer of epidermis and papillary layer of dermis, distributed as twig shape or intestiniform; mostly of them were bundled, different in length, and some of them showed enlarged nodosity. ②The distributive density of CGRP immunoreactive nerve terminal in frenulum of prepuce of penis was significantly larger than that in prepuce of penis (2.15±0.32, 1.02±0.22,t =-2.03,P＜0.01). ③Combined with the FG retrograde labeled method it was found that these nerve terminal was derived from neurons of dorsal root ganglion opposed to the sixth lumbar spinal cord and the neurons of dorsal root ganglion opposed to the first acral spinal cord. FG retrograde labeled positive neurons differed in length. The cell body showed round or orbicular-ovate, without obvious prominence. Bright inaurate fine particle appeared in cytoplasm, no label in nucleus. Most cells arranged in line along nerve tract or diffusedly distributed. Most CGRP single-labeled positive neurons were middle or small cells found by CGRP immunofluorescence labeling. Dyeing was too dark.Reaction product distributed evenly in cytoplasm, which showed bright dark green (FITC labeled color). The same positive section was observed comparatively under different excitation light. It was found that FG/CGRP double-labeled positive cells were middle or small, and its amount accounted for a half of the total number of FG retrograde positive cells.CONCLUSION: CGRP may participate the transmission of sensory information in prepuce of penis and frenulum of prepuce of rats. The CGRP immunoreactive nerve terminal in frenulum of prepuce of penis of rats is sourced from neurons of dorsal root ganglion opposed to the sixth lumbar spinal cord and the neurons of dorsal root ganglion opposed to the first sacral spinal cord.

Objective To investigate etiologies,treatment approaches and prophylaxis for delayed thoracostomach emptying in esophageal or gastric cardiac cancer patients treated with esophagogastrostomy.Methods We performed a retrospective review of the clinical data of 24 patients suffering delayed thoracostomach emptying among 1985 post-surgical patients with esophageal or gastric cardiac cancer from January 2000 to June 2011.Results Eighteen patients in the 24 patients were cured by conservative managements including endoscopic dilatation procedures.The remaining 6 patients were treated with surgery.Conclusion The main etiology of delayed thoracostomach emptying is gastroparesis,which can be treated with nonsurgical conservative approaches; whereas mechanical emptying disturbance requires surgery.Endoscopic examination appears to be the most important diagnostic approach in identifying and differentiating the etiologies of delayed thoracostomach emptying in post-surgical patients.Endoscopic dilatation procedure is proved to be effective for the treatment of delayed thoracostomach emptying in post-surgical patients in this study.

AIM: To establish a method using HPLC with column switching for determination of Danshensu in human blood serums. RESULTS: A linearity range of 0.0248～0.3720?g was obtained. The recovery was 99.2%. CONCLUSION: The method is simple, sensitive and suitable for pharmacoknetics studies and clinical detection of Compound Danshen Dripping Pills

Objective To establish characteristic spectrum of ginsenosides in Panax quinquefolium from Liuba. Methods Using C_(18) solid phase-extraction cartridges, main ginsenosides from 40% ethanol extracts of P. quinquefolium were purified. Then the samples were analyzed by HPLC-EMS. Results(From the) total ion spectrum of P. quinquefolium, 3 stronger peaks were selected. Based on them, characteristic corresponding spectrum of ginsenosides in P. quinquefolium from Liuba was established. Conclusion This method has reliable reproducibility and precision. Its simple pretreatment, easily operation, and rapidly analytic procedure show that this method is suitable for identifying P. quinquefolium.

Objective To observe the curative effect and safety of operation combined with recombinant human erythropoietin on patients with severe intracerebral hemorrhage. Methods Seventy-six surgery patients with severe intracerebral hemorrhage were divided into rHu-EPO group (40 cases) and control group (36 cases) by random digits table method. The rHu-EPO group was injected subcutaneously with rHu-EPO, and the control group was treated with placebo. Neurologic impairment (National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, NIHSS score) and activities of daily living (Barthel index) were evaluated 1 month and 3 months after treatment respectively. Moreover, blood pressure, hemoglobin, and adverse reaction were also observed. Results The scores of NIHSS and Barthel index in two groups before treatment had no significant differences (P>0.05). One month and 3 months after treatment, the scores of NIHSS and Barthel index in rHu-EPO group were significantly better: (12.27±5.26) scores vs. (15.36±4.34) scores and (8.17±2.40) scores vs. (13.90±2.54) scores, (54.36±21.87) scores vs. (43.47±20.29) scores and (69.71±23.08) scores vs. (52.56±21.32) scores, there were statistical differences(P<0.05). There were no statistical differences in systemic blood pressure, diastolic blood pressure and hemoglobin between 2 groups (P>0.05). There were no apparente adverse reactions such as fever, erythra, itching and deep venous thrombosis in rHu-EPO group. Conclusions Operation combined with recombinant human erythropoietin has nerve protective effect, and might be an effective and safe therapy target in severe intracerebral hemorrhage.

Objective To observe the short-term curative effect and safety of recombinant human erythropoietin(rHu-EPO)on patients with primary brain stem injury. Methods Sixty patients with primary brain stem injury were recruited at Liaocheng People' Hospital from July 2010 to July 2013. All cases were randomly divided into EPO group and control group. The patients in EPO group were injected subcutaneous with rHu-EPO five times at dose of 6 000 U,while patients in the control group were treated with placebo in 2 weeks. All other conventional treatments were the same. NIHSS score and GOS score were evaluated in two weeks and three months respectively. Moreover,blood pressure and hemoglobin were also measured. Results NIHSS score in EPO group was 11. 37 ± 7. 78,significant higher than that of control group after two weeks(19. 41 ± 8. 26,P = 0. 019). GOS score in EPO group was also significant differences in two groups after three months (Z = - 2. 367,P = 0. 009 ). However,no significant difference was observed in the followed-up blood tests. Conclusion Recombinant human erythropoietin could be the exact nerve protective effect,and might be an effective therapy for patients with primary brain stem injury.

Objective To investigate the efficacy and toxicities of gemcitabine and cisplatin as a chemother-apy regimen for patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Methods Thirty-five patients with NSCLC were enrolled in this study. C, emeitabine was given on day 1 and 8 at a dose of 1000 mg/m~2 and cisplatin at a dose of 25 mg/m~2 on day 1 to 3. The chemotherapy was repeated every 28 days, after 2 cycles for evaluating response. Results Complete response (CR), partial response (PR) ,stable disease (SD) and progressive disease (PD) were observed in 0,14,16 and 5 cases, respectively, with a response rate (RR) of 40. 0%. The RR in initial treatment group was found more than that in the retreatment group (52. 2% vs 16.7% ,P<0. 05).The main toxicities were tol-erable, which included myelosuppression, nausea, vomiting, and liver damage. Conclusion Gemcitabine combined with cisplatin is effective and safe in the treatment of NSCLC, especially in the initial treatment patients.

With the aid of scientific research management information system, we established an in-formation management for the scientific research funds. The structure,function and application of the system were introduced in this paper.

Objective To evaluate the effect of Jostent coronary stent-graft in endovascular treatment of traumatic carotid cavernous fistula. Methods Eight patients with traumatic carotid-cavernous fistula were treated by Jostent coronary steat graft from June 2001 to May 2007. Results The stent graft was successfully implanted in the target artery in all patients. The fistula in all patients was removed and the parent arteries kept unblocked. The clinical outcome was favorable, with no operation-related complications occurred. The ang4ogram showed normal patency of the parent arteries, without recanalization of the fistula six months after the stent graft implantation in six patients. Conclusions Stent graft is a useful tool for endovascular treatment of carotid cavernous fistula in selected patients. Further research is needed to optimize the stent graft for further use in cerebrovascular system.