Objective To evaluate the significance and role of ultrasound parameters in the female stress urinary incontinence (SUI). Methods The changes of the distance of bladder neck mobility,posterior urethra-vesical angle,urethral angle and residual urine volume before and after the operation of transobturator tension-free vaginal tape surgery (TVT-O) for 46 cases of female SUI (experimental group ) by ultrasound were studied,and compared with 43 normal women (control group). Results The experimental group before the operation had the greater distance of bladder neck mobility and posterior urethra-vesical angle [(14.46 ± 1.28) mm, (124.87 ±2.95)°] than the control group [(7.47 ±0.55) mm, (107.83 ±3.24)°] (P ＜ 0.01 ), but the urethral angle [( 23.61 ± 2.28 )°] was smaller than the control group [(36.24 ±2.23 )°] (P ＜ 0.01 ). There was no significant difference in the distance of bladder neck mobility, posterior urethra-vesical angle, urethral angle and residual urine volume between the experimental group after the operation and the control group (P ＞ 0.05 ). The experimental group before the operation had the greater distance of bladder neck mobility and posterior urethra-vesieal angle than those after the operation [(7.84±0.76) mm, (108.74±3.63)°] (P ＜0.01), the urethral angle was smaller than that after the operation [(34.39 ± 3.46)°] (P ＜ 0.01 ), but the residual urine volume had no significant difference (P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusions After the operation, there are some changes in the distance of bladder neck mobility, posterior urethra-vesical angle and urethral angle for the patients with female SUI,and these parameters can be restored the normal state,and have the relatively stable effect. The residual urine volume dosen't increase after the operation. Ultrasound has the advantage in objectively assessing the severity and recovery status after the operation exclusion of mental and psychological factors.

Objective To analyze the factors that influence the learning effectiveness of students in higher vocational medical school and to explore the ways to improve the teaching effect of higher medical vocational education.Methods Self-designed questionnaire survey was conducted to investigate the basic condition,study status,teaching satisfaction degree and socre influencing factors of 639 students before internships.Teaching efficacy was assessed by scores (taking full score 100 as the standard,≥ 85 are the first class,≤70 are the second class and the rest are the third class).SPSS 14.0 was employed to do statically analysis and an orderly regression analysis was made by taking the factors affecting student learning outcomes as independent variable and the level of learning outcomes as dependent variable.Results There were statically differences in learning efficacy between nurse group and medical student group (Z=-4.817,P=0.000).Students' interests in discipline,family rearing patterns,secondary education means,whether doing preview and study style satisfaction were factors that influence the learning effectiveness.Conclusions Strengthening ideological education and learning atmosphere improvement as well as encouraging students to adopt appropriate learning methods can help students improve their learn-ing effectiveness.

Objective To investigate and analyze the influencing factors of community nursing cognition and employment intention of higher vocational nursing students,and provide reference for higher vocational colleges to carry out community nursing education and employment guidance.Methods Using the stratified cluster sampling method,nursing students from different grades and different education levels were selected as the object of study and participate in the questionnaire survey.Results The nursing students from different grades,education levels and areas showed significant difference in community nursing and employment intention.Conclusions Higher vocational nursing colleges should strengthen the community nursing practice education and community employment guidance; improve the community nursing cognition and community employment intention of nursing students.

AIM: To investigate the relation between myocardial remodeling and the genesis of serum anti-?_3-adrenoceptor autoantibody,an animal model of heart failure(HF) was established and the biological effects of the autoantibody were observed.METHODS:(1) Healthy male Wistar rats were subjected to HF by constricting the abdominal aorta.(2) The anti-?_3-adrenoceptor autoantibody in the sera of HF rats was detected by ELISA with the synthetic peptide of the second extracellular loop of the ?_3-adrenoceptor used as the antigen.(3) IgG in the positive sera from HF rats was prepared using a MabTrap Kit(Amersham).(4) The effects of the autoantibody on the contractile response of adult(isolated) cardiomyocytes and on the beating rate of cultured neonatal rat cardiomyocytes were observed.RESULTS:(1) The positive rate of anti-?_3-adrenoceptor autoantibody of rats increased from 21.05% of pretreatment to 78.95% after heart failure(P

A target molecule affinity-ultrafiltration liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric (LC-ESI-MSn) method was established for rapid screening acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors from total alkaloids of fibraurea recisa Pierre.A total of 12 potential inhibitors were screened from Fibraurea recisa Pierre.and 6 compounds were identified including palmatine,berberine,jatrorrhizine,palmatrubine,7,8-dihydro-8-hydroxyberberine and groenlandicine.The AChE inhibitory activity of these 6 compounds was validated in vitro.Palmatine showed the strongest inhibitory activity for AChE,which was stronger than that of donepezil hydrochloride,demonstrating the potential of palmatine as anti-Alzheimer's drug.This method is simple,rapid,and accurate for directly screening active ingredients which can inhibit AChE from complex extract of traditional Chinese medicines.

ObjectiveTo evaluate the effectiveness and safety of high frequency electronic associating stents insertion and subsequent radiotherapy guided by fiberoptic bronchoscope in treating tracheobronchial stenosis caused by lung and esophagus carcinoma.MethodsFifty-two patients which were ascertained with serious stenosis in trachea or bronchi by fiberoptic bronchoscope were subjected to the study.Fiberoptic bronchoscope was used to investigate the location,extent,blood supply and the degree of tracheobronchial stenosis before the study.After the focus in the airways was cleared up with high frequency electronic,electrocoagulation and snare under the guide of the euthyphoria of fiberoptic bronchoscope,Ni-Ti memory alloy stents were placed into the stenosis airways.The 52 patients were divided into two groups with 26 cases each:the stent group and the stent associating radiotherapy group(radiotherapy group).The later group accepted subsequent radiotherapy after the therapy.The following indexes of the two groups were investigated:short-time clinical effect,dyspnea index class,rate and average time of airway restenosis,life span and survival rate.ResultsAfter therapy,the 52 patients had obvious improvements in dyspnea and the diameter of the stenosis airways.The short-time total effective rate was 100.0％ (52/52),but there was not significant difference between the two groups(P＞ 0.05 ).After therapy,there was significant difference in two groups in dyspnea index class(P ＜ 0.01 ).Although there was not significant difference in the rate of airway restenosis between the two groups(P＞0.05),the average time of airway restenosis in the radiotherapy group was obviously longer than that in the stent group(P＜ 0.01 ).The survival rate of the radiotherapy group in the 6th and 9th month after therapy was higher than that in the stent group (P ＜ 0.05),but there was no significantdifferenee in the 3rd and 12th month (P ＞0.05).ConclusionHigh frequency electronic associating stents insertion and subsequent radiotherapy guided by fiberoptic bronchoscope is an effective and safe treatment for the patients suffering tracheobronchial stenosis caused by lung and esophagus carcinoma.

Objective:To determine the changes of the main components after compatibility of compound Mailuqishen(MLQS), and to explore its anti-tumor effect in the H22 tumor-bearing mice.Methods:The contents of ginsenoside and amino acid in MLQS were detected by HPLC, and the content of polysaccharide was detected by phenol-sulfuric acid.A total of 144 female Kunming mice were randomly divided into normal control group, model group, positive control group, low dose of MLQS group, medium dose of MLQS group, high dose of MLQS group, ginseng geng group, ginseng group and antler plate group (n=16).Except normal control group, the mice in the other eight groups were used to establish the H22 tumor-bearing mouse models, then the mice were treated with drugs at next day.The tumor weights, inhibitory rates of tumor, spleen and thymus indexes of the H22 tumor-bearing mice were detected 10 d after administration.The morphological changes of tumor and spleen tissue were examined by HE staining, and the apoptotic rates of H22 tumor cells were tested by flow cytometry.Results:As calculation with the ginseng and antler plate single herb, the contents of ginsenosides, polysaccharides and amino acids in MLQS were significantly higher than those of single herbs (P<0.05).Compared with model group, the inhibitory rates of tumor in various administration groups were significantly increased(P<0.01);the spleen indexes and thymus indexes of the mice in different doses of MLQS groups were significantly increased(P<0.01);the apoptotic rates of tumor cells were markedly increased(P<0.05).Compared with model group, the tumor tissue of the mice in various administration groups was destroyed, the cells were sparse and irregular, and the tumor presented necrotic lesions;the morphology of spleen tissue was normal with discernible fringe, and the lymphocytes arranged densely.Conclusion:The contents of ginsenosides, polysaccharides, and amino acids in compound MLQS are significantly increased compared with those of single herbs, and its anti-tumor effect is stronger than the single herbs.

Objective To analyze the composition of and drug resistance in bacteria isolated from the lesions of patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the face and head.Methods Lesional tissue or discharges were obtained from 246 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the face and head,and subjected to conventional bacterial culture.The isolated bacteria were identified by VITEK TWO automated microbiology system.Antimicrobial susceptibility testing was carried out by Kirby-bauer method.WHONET 5.3 software was utilized for statistical analysis.Results Totally,294 bacterial strains were isolated,including 168 Gram-negative bacteria (57.1％)and 126 Gram-positive bacteria(42.9％).The bacterial isolates were predominated by Staphylococcus aureus(21.4％),followed by Escherichia coli(20.4％),Staphylococcus epidermidis(18.4％),Klebsiellapneumoniae(15.4％)and Pseudomonas aeruginosa(9.5％).The prevalence was 40％,26.7％,42.9％ and 55.6％ respectively for extended spectrum β lactamases-producing E.coli and K.pneumoniae,methicillinresistant staphylococcus aureus(MRSA)and methicillin-resistant coagulase-negative S.epidermidis(MRCNS)respectively.P.aeruginosa,E.coli and K.pneumoniae were highly susceptible to imipenem and meropenem,and favorably sensitive to β-lactam and β-1actamase inhibitor combination.No resistance was observed for vancomycin,teicoplanin or linezolid in staphylococci.Conclusions The bacterial isolates from squamous cell carcinoma tissue on the head and neck are predominated by conditional pathogenic bacteria,and the proportion of Gram-negative bacteria is higher than that of Gram-positive bacteria.These isolates seem to be highly resistant to common antibiotics.

OBJECTIVE:To establish the method for the determination of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in different medicinal parts of Tibetan medicine Pteocephalus hookeri,and compare the differences among the different parts. METHODS:The contents of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid from different medicinal parts(whole plant,aerial part,underground part)of P. hookeri were de-termined by UPLC-PDA. The separation was performed on Acquity UPLC HSS T3 column(150 mm×2.1 mm,1.8 μm)with mobile phase consisted of methanol-0.1 mol/L ammonium acetate(88:12,V/V)at the flow rate of 0.2 mL/min. The detection wavelength was set at 210 nm,and column temperature was 30 ℃. The sample size was 5 μL. RESULTS:The linear ranges of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid were 10.65-1065 μg/mL (r=0.9996) and 18.8-1880 μg/mL (r=0.9994),separately. The recoveries were 96.95%(RSD=1.24%,n=9) and 98.12%(RSD=2.13%,n=9),separately. RSDs of precision,stability and reproducibility tests were all less than 3%. The contents of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid from different medicinal parts in P. hookeri were in de-scending order of aerial part>whole plant>underground part;the average total content of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid from whole plants was 0.35%,the aerial part reached 0.56% and underground part was 0.09%. CONCLUSIONS:The method is rapid, accurate and reproducible,and it is suitable for the content determination of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in different medicinal parts of Tibetan medicine P. hookeri. The contents of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid from aerial part of P. hookeri are higher than whole plant and underground part. It is suggested to use aerial parts of medicine.

OBJECTIVETo develop an identification method with significant specificity for patchouli oil.

METHODThe fingerprint was performed by gas chromatography with patchouli alcohol and pogostone as chemical markers.

RESULTThe similarity of 12 samples were higher than 0.9 and it can be used to identify the characteristics of patchouli oil.

CONCLUSIONThe GC fingerprint can be used for identification of patchouli oil.

Chromatography, Gas ; methods ; Lamiaceae ; chemistry ; Oils, Volatile ; analysis ; Plant Oils ; analysis ; Sesquiterpenes ; analysis