Objective To study the direct oblique images of normal temporal bones such as facial nerve canal, ossical chain, otic capsule and other structures. Methods 63 normal temporal bones were examined on direct oblique CT. The images were compared with cadaveric bone. Results The direct oblique images clearly showed the external auditory meatus, epitympanum, mastoid antrum, ossical chain, mastoid facial canal, otic capsule, internal auditory canal in 63(100%) temporal bones, the tympanic facial canal in 42(66 7%), the anteriorgenu in 55(87 3%), and the vestibular aqueduct in 58(92 1%). Conclusion Besides axial and coronal CT, direct oblique CT scan is also an important imaging method, which may provide valuable evidence for diagnosis and operation about ear diseases.

Objective To obsrve the effects of thalidomide on angiogenesis, growth and metastasis of human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in nude mice. Methods The model bearing HCC was set up in 24 nude mice, and then the rats were randomly divided into therapy group and control group, each containing 12 animal. Thalidomide (200mg/kg/d) dissolved in 0.5% CMC suspension was administered intraperitoneally in the therapy group, and equivalent 0.5% CMC was administered in the control group. Mice were sacrificed at the 30th day after administration, the size and weight of tumors and metastatic condition in liver and lung were determined, levels of CD34 and VEGF mRNA in tumor tissues were detected by immunohistochemical and semi-quantitative RT-PCR, respectively, and microvessel density (MVD) in tumor tissues was also counted. Results MVD and VEGF mRNA level in therapy group were lower than those in control group (P

Objective To study the difference between the mRNA expressions of hyaluronan synthase in the epithelial cells of endolymphatic sac and renal tubules with the oligonucleotide probe. Methods The oligonucleotide probe of hyaluronan synthase was designed and synthesized, the mRNA expressions of hyaluronan synthase in the epithelial cells of endolymphatic sac and renal tubules were detected with hybridization in situ. Results mRNA of hyaluronan synthases were strongly expressed in some epithelial cells of endolymphatic sac and renal tubules. Conclusion It is confirmed that a dual regulatory system for hyaluronan /hyaluronidase exists in the epithelial cells of endolymphatic sac and renal tubules at the level of molecular biology.

Objective To study the toxicity and its mechanism of Radix Aconitii from genetic and molecular levels.Methods According to the requirements of ICH,the acute toxicity experiment was carried out under the condition of SPF by ig administration of the decoction of Radix Aconitii to mice.Gene expression profiling was used to describe whole-genome of five organs in mice,the related data were analyzed by using bioinformatics statistics,such as Cluster,GO,and Pathway,and the results were validated through quantitative PCR.Results The effects of Radix Aconitii on the key genes of the Focal adhesion pathway of mice,such as ECM,FAK,Cdc42,were remarkably.Conclusion The reason why Radix Aconitii produces the toxicity is probably that Radix Aconiti could cause the toxicity of Focal adhesion signal pathway through influencing the key genes.

Background and purpose:Hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer(HNPCC) which related to inheritance is an autosomal dominant inheritance.There are many screening standards differing presently from country to country.The Amsterdam standard is internationally recognized.These screening standards are just based on family history and clinical manifestations which can not reflect the essence of the disease.At present,the golden standard for screening HNPCC is mismatch repair genes detection that is in the experimental stage.The purpose of this study was to investigate the expression of mismatch repair genes hMSH2 and hMLH1 in HNPCC and their clinicopathological signif icance,and to fi nd a simple,fast and economic method for screening HNPCC.Methods:Immunohistochemical staining was used to detect the expression of hMSH2 and hMLH1 in 20 cases with HNPCC(Group A),20 cases with ordinary hereditary colorectal cancer(Group B),20 cases with sporadic colorectal cancer(Group C),and 20 cases with colorectal polyps(Group D).Results:The expression rates of hMSH2 and hMLH1 in Group A,B,C and D were 35%(7/20),70%(14/20),95%(19/20) and 100%(20/20) respectively,which illustrated that the probability of HNPCC and the negative expression of hMSH2 and hMLH1 was reduced from Group A to Group D.There were signifi cant differences among these groups(P0.05).Conclusion:The negative expression of hMSH2 and hMLH1 was signifi cantly correlated with HNPCC and location and differentiation of colon carcinoma.Immunohistochemical staining may be useful for screening HNPCC.

Objective To observe the efficacy of monosialotetrahexosy lganglioside (GM1) in the treatment of vascular cognitive impairment (VCI). Methods Sixty patients with VCI were randomly divided into either a treatment group or a control group. The patients in the control group received conventional treatment and those in the treatment control group were treated with conventional treatment plus continuous intravenous infusion of GM1 (80 mg/d) for 2 weeks. The efficacy was evaluated by the Montreal Cognitive Assessment (MoCA) before and after the treatment, and the safety of the treatment was observed. Results After 2 weeks of treatment, the MoCA scores were significantly higher than those before treatment in both groups (all P ＜ 0. 05). The MoCA scores of the treatment group were significantly higher than those of the control group (20. 82 ± 1. 96 vs. 19. 61 ±2. 02, t =2. 315, P =0. 023). No obvious adverse reactions were found. Conclusions The efficacy of GM1 is positive in the treatment of vascular cognitive impairment, and there is no obvious adverse reactions. It is worthy of using widely in clinical practice.

Objective To observe the dynamic histological changes of condylar cartilage ,and detect expression of estrogen re‐ceptors and collagen typeⅡin the ovariectomized rat ,exploring the relationship between OA and abnormity of shorting estrogen . Methods Histological changes of condylar cartilage of the ovariectomized rat at different ages were observed by HE staining meth‐od .The expression of estrogen receptors and collagen typeⅡwere determined by immunohistochemical method ,and the average per‐centage of positive staining area was measured by image analyzer .Results The lack of estrogen led to the degeneration of condylar cartilage .The expression of ER and ColⅡ were suppressed at low concentration of estrogen ,and these effects were enhanced when the treating time was prolonged .Conclusion The lack of estrogen might lead to the rat′s condylar cartilage lesion ,and the low con‐centration of estrogen could suppress the expression of ER .These results highlight the results that expression of condylar cartilage collagen is associated with estrogen .

Objective To investigate the ex pr ession of nm23-H1 protein and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in huma n glioma cells. Methods Expression of nm23-H1 and PCNA in 53 br ain gliomas were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results The immunohistochemistry staini ng of nm23-H1 protein in low-grade astrocytomas (grades Ⅰ and Ⅱ) was significantly higher than that in high-grade astrocytomas (grades Ⅲ and Ⅳ). The immunohistochemistry staining of PCNA in high-grade astrocytomas was s ignificantly higher than that in low-grade astrocytomas. Conclusion The lower expression of nm23-H1 protein and the higher expression of PCNA are correlated with the pathological grade of glioma cells. The expression of nm23-H1 may be used as a hopeful marker for predicting the metastastic potential of gliomas.

Objective To investigate the efficacy of breviscapine in the treatment of vascular cognitive impairment.Methods A self-controlled trial was carried out in 36 patients with vascular cognitive impairment.36 cases were treated with breviscapine injection 50mg intravenous infusion daily for 3 weeks.At the same time,all cases were also given citicoline 0.75g/d and enteric-coated aspirin 100mg/d as routine treatment.The means of the evaluation on therapeutic effect included MMSE and ADL,and the adverse reactions were also observed.Results After the treatment,the MMSE scales increased from(18.75 ± 3.25)to(21.62 ± 3.58)(t=2.52,P＜0.05),Meanwhile,ADL scales declined from(45.65 ±3.36)to(42.33 ±4.18)(t=3.71,P＜0.05).There was significant difference on the MMSE and ADL between the pre and post therapy.No obvious side effects were found.Conclusion The results indicated that the breviscapine injection is an effective medicine in the treatment of vascular cognitive impairment,while the adverse reactions were few.