Guided by aim of improving the survival rate of the injuries, damage control surgery (DCS) have undergone developments from simple gauze packing to planned resuscitation and reoperation for nearly a century, which leads to a great improvement in the treatments. In recent years, the concept of DCS has been more and more widely accepted and applied in many fields other than abdominal trauma. Besides, the technologies have been constantly standardized and the procedures have been more scientific. At the same time, some remarkable progress has been made in the research of DCS, such as new concepts of damage control resuscitation, permissive hypotension, and new technologies such as resuscitative balloon aortic occlusion and hybrid emergency surgery system.

Objective To compare the impacts of sustained and intermittent gradient pressure on perfusion disorders and myofiber injuries and to explore the mechanism by which intermittent gradient pressure helps treat deep tissue injury (DTI). MethodsTwenty Sprague-Dawley rats 10-12 weeks old were randomly divided into an experimental group and a control group.The tibialis anterior muscles of the experimental group received intermittent fluctuating pressure at 8.0-21.3 kPa while the control group received sustained pressure at 13.3 kPa.The contralateral notpressed muscles served as healthy controls.The experiment was terminated after 3 cycles of compression where each cycle involved 2 h of compression and 30 min of conpression release.The general condition of the rats'skin and muscles in the compressed region were observed and laser doppler perfusion imaging was used to detect blood perfusion of the skin of the compressed leg after 3 cycles of compression.Any pathomorphological changes in the tibialis anterior muscles of the compressed region were observed by phosphotungstic acid hematoxylin (PTAH) staining. Results Blood perfusion of the skin and muscle in the control group was significantly less than in the experimental group after compression,and blood flow velocity increased with time in both groups.However,perfusion was significantly more extensive in the experimental group.PTAH staining showed that muscle injury in the experimental group was significantly less severe than in the control group. ConclusionCompared to the sustained pressure,intermittent pressure cause significantly less severe DTI by reducing compression-induced ischemia and hypoxia.

Objective To analyze the clinical manifestation caused by local injections of botulinum toxin type A for cosmetic reason and the effect of antitoxin for adverse reaction.Methods Diagnosis and treatment process of 40 patients were retrospectively analyzed for adverse reactions due to botulinum toxin injections for beauty.Severe adverse reaction was assessed according to the patients clinical manifestation and the nervous system of physical assessment.The patients were given symptomatic treatment,observation or antitoxin therapy.Results Adverse reactions developed in 40 patients were mainly the nervous system abnormalities.Dyspnea developed in four cases.34 cases (85 ％) were given symptomatic treatment.4 cases (10 ％) were given botox treatment,and the patients were followed up for 1-3 months.The patients fully recovered to normal and did not leave any neurological sequelae.Conclusions The management of type A botulinum toxin injections should be strengthened.In case of poisoning,antitoxin therapy should be given as early as possible.

Objective: To investigate effectiveness of different intensities of basketball exercise on body compositions among obese junior middle school students, and to provide theoretical support for healthy weight loss among obese children and adolescents. Methods: From September to November 2020,a typical sampling method was used to select 48 obese junior middle school students were recruited from Wuhan Optical Valley Experimental Middle School according to body mass index(BMI), all the students were divided into high, moderate and low intensity basketball training group, as well as the control group, the 45 min per times basketball exercise intervention was administered three times per week for 12 weeks, while the control group did not received no intervention, body composition was assessed before and after intervention. Results: After 12 weeks of low intensity basketball exercise, the percentage of body fat of obese junior high school students after intervention was significantly higher than that before intervention[(32.16±2.26)% v.s. (34.33±2.35)%] ( t =3.52, P <0.05). There was no significant difference in other indexes body weight, body mass index, waist circumference, skeletal musclebetween before and after intervention ( t =2.31, 1.98, 1.26,-1.65, P >0.05). For moderate intensity basketball exercise group obdy weight, BMI, percentage of body fat and waist circumference showed statistical changes before and after intervention( t=3.44, 3.76, 6.56, 2.45, P <0.05). For high intensity basketball exercise group, all body composition indicators showed significant changes( t=4.14, 5.18, 11.26, 5.89, -2.56, P <0.05). Conclusion Twelve weeks of basketball exercise can effectively improve body composition of obese junior middle school students, with higher the intensity of exercise, the better the effectiveness.

Objective: To understand the prevalence of low vision among Tujia and Han children and adolescents in Tujia inhabited areas, and to provide reference for the prevention and control of myopia in children and adolescents in minority areas. Methods: A cluster sampling of Tujia and Han primary school students from two primary schools in Lichuan City, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Hubei Province (2 466 Tujia and 971 Han) were selected for visual acuity assessment. Univariate χ 2 test and multivariate Logistic analysis were used. Low vision and associated factors between Tujia and Han nationality were compared. Results: The overall detection rate of low vision among children and adolescents in Tujia inhabited areas was 44.9%. There were differences in the degree of low vision in the left and right eyes of individuals, and the detection rate of low vision varied significantly by ethnic, gender and grade ( χ 2=22.10, 18.43, 19.06, 17.97 for the left eye, 17.52, 20.44, 21.49, 18.61 for the right eye, P < 0.05). There were many factors affecting low vision among children and adolescents in Tujia inhabited areas, overweight and obesity were negatively associated with low vision ( OR=1.81, 1.70, 95%CI=1.76-1.92, 1.66-1.82, P <0.01). Conclusion Low vision is highly prevalent in Tujia children and adolescents. Effective intervention measures should be taken to treat and prevent myopia in children and adolescents.

Objective: To understand physical activity status of children and adolescents in Tujia inhabited areas, and to provide reference for the intervention model of physical activity of children and adolescents in minority areas. Methods: A cluster sample of 2 466 Tujia pupils from two primary schools in Lichuan City, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture of Hubei Province was selected to investigate physical activity status of Tujia pupils. The univariate χ 2 test was used to analyze the physical activity status of Tujia children and adolescents and its influencing factors. Results: The median duration of high intensity activity was 49.9 minutes/day in the last week, and 47.93% of participants met the physical activity standard( χ 2=80.47, P <0.01), the median duration of sitting was 396.1 minutes/day in the last week, and the qualified rate of screen time was 78.99%, and the differences of qualified rate between daystudents and residential students were of statistical differences( χ 2=35.12, P <0.01)). Conclusion The children and adolescents in the Tujia community are lack of physical activity. Therefore, it is necessary to take effective intervention measures to pay attention to the children and adolescents physical activity.

Objectives:This study aimed to assess the efficacy and safety of bendamustine in combination with rituximab (BR regimen) for the treatment of newly diagnosed indolent B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (B-iNHL) and elderly mantle cell lymphoma (eMCL) .Methods:From December 1, 2020 to September 10, 2022, a multi-center prospective study was conducted across ten Grade A tertiary hospitals in Shandong Province, China. The BR regimen was administered to evaluate its efficacy and safety in newly diagnosed B-iNHL and eMCL patients, and all completed at least four cycles of induction therapy.Results:The 72 enrolled patients with B-iNHL or MCL were aged 24-74 years, with a median age of 55 years. Eastern Cooperative Oncology Group (ECOG) performance status scores of 0-1 were observed in 76.4% of patients, while 23.6% had scores of 2. Disease distribution included follicular lymphoma (FL) (51.4% ), marginal zone lymphoma (MZL) (33.3% ), eMCL (11.1% ), and the unknown subtype (4.2% ). According to the Ann Arbor staging system, 16.7% and 65.3% of patients were diagnosed with stage Ⅲ and stage Ⅳ lymphomas, respectively. Following four cycles of BR induction therapy, the overall response rate was 98.6%, with a complete response (CR) rate of 83.3% and a partial response (PR) rate of 15.3%. Only one eMCL patient experienced disease progression during treatment, and only one FL patient experienced a relapse. Even when evaluated using CT alone, the CR rate was 63.9%, considering the differences between PET/CT and CT assessments. The median follow-up duration was 11 months (range: 4-22), with a PFS rate of 96.8% and an OS rate of 100.0%. The main hematologic adverse reactions included grade 3-4 leukopenia (27.8%, with febrile neutropenia observed in 8.3% of patients), grade 3-4 lymphopenia (23.6% ), grade 3-4 anemia (5.6% ), and grade 3-4 thrombocytopenia (4.2% ). The main non-hematologic adverse reactions such as fatigue, nausea/vomiting, rash, and infections occurred in less than 20.0% of patients.Conclusion:Within the scope of this clinical trial conducted in China, the BR regimen demonstrated efficacy and safety in treating newly diagnosed B-iNHL and eMCL patients.