AIM: To construct recombinant adenovirus vector carrying the gene of human somatostatin receptor type 2(SSTR2) for gene therapy of pancreatic carcinoma.METHODS: SSTR2 cDNA was inserted into adenovirus shuttle plasmid pDC316,named pDC316-SSTR2.pDC316-SSTR2 was cotransfected with rescue plasmid pBHGlox(delta) E1,3Cre into 293 cells by liposome reagent.Ad-SSTR2 was generated by site-specific recombination and confirmed by PCR.Ad-SSTR2 was propagated in 293 cells and purified.The titer of viral stock was determined by end-point dilution assay.Western blotting was used to determine the expression of SSTR2 protein after human pancreatic carcinoma cell capan-2 was infected with recombinant adenovirus.RESULTS: pDC316-SSTR2 was successfully constructed.Recombinant adenovirus Ad-SSTR2 was acquired by pDC316-SSTR2 and pBHGlox(delta) E1,3Cre cotransfected into 293 cells.Ad-SSTR2 was characterized by PCR.The virus titer was 6.0?10~(12) pfu/L.SSTR2 protein was detected after adenovirus infected capan-2 48 h with Western blotting.CONCLUSION: The recombinant adenovirus vector encoding human SSTR2 is successfully constructed and correctly expressed in pancreatic carcinoma cells.This investigation provides the basis for study of gene therapy of pancreatic carcinoma.

Objective To evaluate the effect of cisplatin on analgesia with morphine in rats with incisional pain.Methods Forty-two adult male Sprague-Dawley rats,weighing 180-220 g,were randomly divided into 6 groups (n =7 each) using a random number table:normal saline group (group C),normal saline + Pglycoprotein inhibitor LY335979 group (group CL),normal saline + morphine group (group CM),cisplatin group (group S),cisplatin + morphine group (group SM) and cisplatin + morphine + LY335979 group (group SML).Cisplatin 2 mg/kg was injected intraperitoneally once every two days for 5 times in S,SM and SML groups,while the equal volume of normal saline was injected intraperitoneally in C,CL and CM groups.At 2 days after the end of administration,the incisional pain models were established.At 10 min after establishing the model,normal saline 2 ml was injected subcutaneously in C and S groups; LY335979 20 mg/kg was injected via the caudal vein and normal saline 2 ml was injected subcutaneously in group CL; morphine 2 mg/kg was injected subcutaneously in CM and SM groups; LY335979 20 mg/kg was injected via the caudal vein and morphine 2 mg/kg was injected subcutaneously in group SML.Cumulative pain score was used to evaluate analgesia.Results Compared with group C,cumulative pain scores were significantly decreased in group CM,and no significant change was found in cumulative pain scores in CL and S groups.Compared with group CM,cumulative pain scores were significantly increased in group SM,and no significant change was found in cumulative pain scores in group SML.Cumulative pain scores were significantly lower in group SML than in group SM.Conclusion Cisplatin can weaken analgesia induced by morphine in rats with incisional pain through enhancing P-glycoprotein function in the blood-brain barrier.

Objective To investigate the application value of limited liquid resuscitation combined with continuous renal replacement therapy (CRRT) in treatment of severe acute pancreatitis (SAP) companied with abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS).Methods The retrospective cohort study was adopted.The clinical data of 67 patients with SAP companied with ACS who were admitted to the Fuling Center Hospital of Chongqing from January 2005 to December 2014 were collected.Among 67 patients,33 receiving conventional liquid resuscitation between January 2005 and December 2010 were allocated into the control group and 34 receiving limited liquid resuscitation combined with CRRT between January 2011 and December 2014 were allocated into the observation group.Observation indicators included:(1) required fluid volume and time of negative fluid balance in the 2 groups;(2) changes of pathological and physiological indicators after treatment in the 2 groups;(3)outcomes and prognosis of patients in the 2 groups.Measurement data with normal distribution were represented as (x)±s and comparison between groups was analyzed using t test.Count data were analyzed using the chi-square test.Repeated measurement data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA.Results (1) Required fluid volume and time of negative fluid balance in the 2 groups:required fluid volumes at 6,24,48 and 72 hours after resuscitation were (2 449±339) mL,(4 820±757) mL,(9 428± 1 272) mL,(13 127± 1 565) mL in the control group and (2 360± 314) mL,(4 582±530) mL,(8 564± 970) mL,(11 470± 1 253) mL in the observation group,respectively,with a statistically significant difference in required fluid volume between the 2 groups (F=13.035,P＜0.05) and in required fluid volume at 48 and 72 hours between the 2 groups (t=3.132,4.794,P＜0.05).Time of negative fluid balance in the observation group and control group was (4.3± 1.7)days and (6.4 ±1.8)days,respectively,showing a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (t =4.913,P＜0.05).(2) Changes of pathological and physiological indicators in the 2 groups after treatment:time factors:from 0 h to 168 h postoperatively,APACHE Ⅱ score,C-reaction protein (CRP),D-dimer,IAP,Bla and oxygenation index were changed from 20.9±4.1 to 13.9±2.6,from (167±39)mg/L to (55±17) mg/L,from (1 652±1 544) μg/L to (993±500)μg/L,from (23.4±3.4)cmH2O (1 cmH2O=0.098 kPa) to (21.4±2.9)cmH2O,from (4.6±1.6) mmol/L to (1.4±0.5)mmol/L,from (189±27) mmHg (1 mmHg =0.133 kPa) to (152±23)mmHg in the control group,and chaged from 21.5±5.1 to 11.0±2.8,from (168±36)mg/L to (44±19)mg/L,from (1 634±1 525) μg/L to (578±350) μg/L,from (23.2±2.5)cmH2O to (17.4±2.6)cmH2O,from (4.5±1.6)mmol/L to (0.8±0.3)mmol/L,from (188±26)mmHg to (196±25)mmHg in the observation group,respectively,showing gradual decreasing with time and statistically significant differences between the 2 groups (F =186.415,581.118,34.618,212.416,262.272,207.645,P＜0.05).Treatment factors:there were no significant differences in changing trends of APACHE Ⅱ score,D-dimer and Bla between the 2 groups (F=3.499,2.350,3.516,P＞0.05),and there were significant differences in changing trends of CRP,IAP and oxygenation index between the 2 groups (F=4.009,15.276,14.959,P＜0.05).Interaction effect between time factors and treatment factors:there were obviously interaction effects between time factors and treatment factors in APACHE Ⅱ score,CRP,IAP and oxygenation index (F=4.890,4.912,23.874,28.615,P＜0.05) and no interaction effects between time factors and treatment factors in D-dimer and Bla (F=2.803,1.920,P＞0.05).(3) Outcomes and prognosis of patients in the 2 groups:numbers of patients with surgery,local complications and infection and duration of hospital stay were 11,16,14,(46±17)days in the control group and 4,6,6,(36±14) days in the observation group,respectively,with statistically significant differences between the 2 groups (x2=4.484,7.221,4.910,t =2.433,P＜0.05).Mortality and hospital expenses were 24.2％ (8/33),(33± 18) x 104 yuan in the control group and 8.8％ (3/34),(27± 14)× 104 yuan in the observation group,respectively,with no statistically significant difference between the 2 groups (x2 =2.901,t =1.283,P＞ 0.05).Conclusion Limited liquid resuscitation combined with CRRT can effectively control IAP of patients with SAP companied with ACS and improve oxygenation index,meanwhile,it can also reduce number of patients with surgery,infection and local complications and duration of hospital stay.

Diabetic foot ulcer is a serious and destructive complication of diabetes， with the rates of disability and mortality increasing year by year， which poses a serious threat to human physical and mental health. In the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer with traditional Chinese medicine （TCM）， the combination of syndrome differentiation and overall concept can not only alleviate TCM syndrome but also accelerate wound healing， reduce wound recurrence， delay the further deterioration of diabetic foot ulcer， and decrease the rates of disability and mortality. Modern studies have demonstrated that the difficult healing of diabetic foot ulcer is closely associated with the abnormal distribution of cytokines such as inflammatory cytokines， growth factors， and chemokines. With the deepening of modern medical research on TCM， the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer via regulation of cytokines by Chinese medicinal monomers and prescriptions has become a research focus. This paper summarizes the current research status at home and abroad and draws the following conclusions. ① Sesamol， geniposide， Danggui Buxuetang， and Zizhu ointment can regulate tumor necrosis factor-α （TNF-α）， interleukin （IL）-1， IL-6， IL-10 and other inflammatory cytokines to inhibit wound inflammation. ② Angelicae Dahuricae Radix， salvianolic acid B， Sixiao powder， Badu Shengji ointment （Zhuang medicine）， etc.， regulate vascular endothelial growth factor （VEGF）， platelet-derived growth factor （PDGF）， transforming growth factor （TGF）， epidermal growth factor （EGF） and other growth factors to promote collagen deposition and angiogenesis on wound surface. ③ Paeoniflorin， cryptanshinone， bee venom， and Huiyang Shengji decoction regulate CXC chemokine ligand （CXCL） 1， CXCL2， C-C chemokine ligand （CCL） 2， CCL3， stromal cell-derived factor-1α （SDF-1α）， monocyte chemoattract protein-1 （MCP-1） and other chemokines to reduce inflammatory response and promote neovascularization and wound granulation tissue formation. ④ In the treatment of diabetic foot ulcer， Chinese medicinal monomers and prescriptions have different and complicated mechanisms. The multi-target treatment manner determines that Chinese medicines can act on a variety of cytokines to participate in various stages of wound healing and thus play a therapeutic role. The conclusion above aims to provide ideas for the experimental research and clinical treatment of diabetic foot ulcer with TCM in the future.