DNA, Circular ; blood ; Hepatitis B ; blood ; drug therapy ; virology ; Hepatitis B Surface Antigens ; blood ; Hepatitis B virus ; Humans ; Nucleosides ; therapeutic use

Three widely used methods of sediment toxicity evaluation were introduced in the present paper, including organism toxicity tests, toxicity identification evaluation(TIE) and sediment quality guidelines(SQGs). Compared with the chemical analysis, toxicity tests have an advantage of taking the bioavailability of POPs into account, however, it fails to identify the causative toxicants. TIE, integrating with physicochemical analysis, implicates the specific pollutants in a tiered approach, and by which effective remediation can be designed accordingly. The sediment toxicity can be identified more quickly and appropriately by SQGs than by the former two methods. The differences among the different SQGs constituted by different standards may affect their values for toxicity evaluation. Extensive and reliable SQGs had been acquired to improve their utility. Finally, the combination of chemical analysis, toxicity tests and in situ bioassays will be the trend of sediment toxicity evaluation in the future.

Objective: To study the effect of TIP30 gene on the cell cy cle distribution in adenoid cystic carcinoma ACC-M cells. Methods: Wild type TIP30 gene was transfected into ACC-M cells by using lipofectamin e, the postive cell clone was selected with G418,the expression of TIP30 protei n in the cells was detected by Western blot. Cell cycle distribution was detecte d by flow cytometry. Results:14 days after seletion anti-G418 c ell clone was obtained. Wstern blot revealed that the TIP30 protein was expresse d in the transfected cells.Flow cytometric analysis indicated that TIP30 induced a arrest of the cells in G 0-G 1 phase and led to a decrease of cell percent age in G 2-M and S phase. Conclusion:ACC-M can stably express exogene TIP30.TIP30 can inhibit proliferation of ACC-M cells.

Purpose:To evaluate the effect of 3DRT for malignant biliary obstruction and to find a more effective method of treatment.Methods:Form October 1998 to September 2000,35 patients with malignant biliary obstruction ,3-4 Gy of 5 fractions a week to total doses from 38 to 48 Gy.Results:All cases completed radiation. CR rates were 24%,PR rates were 63%,the overal response rate (CR+PR) was 87%. A significant decrease of bilirubin levels was observed in 29 patients,no serious complications occured. 1-2 year survival rates were 70% and 21%.Conclusions:3DRT is well tolerated in most patients with malignant biliary obstruction,its effect is better than the conventional radiation and it is a more effective treatment for the malignant biliary obstruction.

0.31 and

Objective To explore the etiology of headache after aneurismal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) and find clinical features of various kinds of headache.Methods All of the 107 patients with SAH and intracranial aneurysm diagnosed upon CT scan and angiographic demonstration within 24 hours after onset were evaluated by numeric rating scales (NRS) 1,2,3,5,7,10 and 14 days after SAH. Patients suffered from moderate-severe headache were examined by cranial CT scan and transcranial Doppler (TCD) to find the reason, and their diversities were analyzed.Results 86.9% (93/107) patients with SAH suffered from moderate-severe headache. 9.7% (9/93) of them were caused by rebleeding of untreated aneurysm and the pain always occurred abruptly, always followed by conscious disturbance/new neurological signs. CT scan found hydrocephalus in 16.1% (15/93) patients with headache, they could aggravated with time but sometimes released spontaneously; TCD found intracranial vasospasm in 12.9% (12/93) of patients, their clinical features were no more than other 61.3% (57/93) patients with negative results, but patient's condition could exacerbate caused by later brain ischemia or even infarction.Conclusion Majority of SAH patients suffer from headache.

Objective To discusses the clinical features of early inflammatory bowel obstruction (EPIS-BO) after abdominal surgery,and analyze diagnosis and treatment. Methods The clinical data of 48 patients with early inflammatory bowel obstruction after abdominal surgery were analyzed retrospectively from July 2005 to July 2015. Results 45 patients were recovered after non-operative treatment including gastrointestinal decompression , total parenteral nutrition (TPN),antibiotics,glucocorticoid and somatostatin. The average time of treatment was 17.45 days. The other 3 patients underwent laparotomy respectively on 16,19 and 20 days after conservative treat-ment.Two cases were turned to intestinal fistula after operation ,and one of them died after reoperation because of severe abdominal infection 9 days later. Conclusion Conservative treatment should be regarded as the first choice for EPISBO in clinical practice due to less complications and better effect than operative treatment.

Objective To evaluate the therapeutic effect of early fluid resuscitation under the guidance of pulse indicator continuous cardiac output (PiCCO) on patients with severe acute pancreatitis (SAP).Methods Clinical data of 18 SAP patients (research group),who had undergone fluid resuscitation under the guidance of PiCCO in the Department of Critical Care Medicine of the Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University from October 2011 to October 2013,were analyzed prospectively.At the same time,clinical data of 25 cases (control group) that had undergone fluid resuscitation without the guidance of PiCCO from January 2009 to September 2011 were collected retrospectively.The volume of fluid and clinical data were compared between two groups.Results During the first 6 hours,0-24 hours,24-48 hours,and 0-72 hours after intensive care unit (ICU) admission,the research group received larger volume of fluid than that of the control group (mL:2 133 ± 1 593 vs.1 024 ± 421,t=3.337,P=0.002; 5 960 ±2 951 vs.3 767 ± 854,t=3.531,P=0.001; 4 709 ± 1 508 vs.3 863 ± 1 122,t=2.112,P=0.031 ; 14 601 ± 5 095 vs.11 409 ± 2 667,t=2.673,P=0.007).Compared with the control group,the incidence of application of blood purification was lowered [5.56％ (1/18) vs.44.00％ (11/25),x2=7.688,P=0.006],the duration of the systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) was shortened (days:3.54 ± 2.44 vs.5.62 ± 3.62,t=2.113,P=0.041),acute physiology and chronic health Ⅱ (APACHE Ⅱ) score was significantly declined at 24 hours after admission (11±4 vs.14 ± 5,t=2.104,P=0.042),the blood lactic acid was decreased more significantly after 72 hours (mmol/L:3.10 ±0.55 vs.2.40 ± 1.12,t=2.442,P=0.019),and the length of ICU stay was shortened (days:10 ±9 vs.20 ± 10,t=3.371,P=0.002) in research group.But there was no significant difference in the percentage of the use of vasoactive drugs [16.67％ (3/18) vs.24.00％ (6/25),x2 =0.340,P=0.560],the incidence of invasive mechanical ventilation [50.00％ (9/18) vs.52.00％ (13/25),x2 =0.017,P=0.897],72-hour urea nitrogen changes (mmol/L:-0.33 ± 4.71 vs.-0.09 ± 5.37,t=0.152,P=0.880),and the percentage of abdominal infection [16.67％ (3/18) vs.16.00％ (4/25),x2=0.003,P=0.953] between research group and control group.The mortality in research group was lower than that in control group [5.56％ (1/18) vs.20.00％ (5/25)] without statistical difference (x2=1.819,P=0.178).According to the 2012 Atlanta classification,patients were re-evaluated after 48 hours fluid resuscitation.Six patients in research group developed moderately severe acute pancreatitis,and the incidence was significantly higher than that in control group [33.33％ (6/18) vs.8.00％ (2/25),x2=4.435,P=0.034].The time of mean PiCCO installation was 4.5 days in 18 cases of the research group,and no related complications occurred.Conclusions The PiCCO device may be a useful adjunct for fluid resuscitation monitoring in patients with SAP within 72 hours.Early fluid resuscitation under the guidance of PiCCO may be helpful in improving tissue perfusion,reducing the application of blood purification,as well as shortening length of ICU stay.This program did not increase the risk of invasive mechanical ventilation,and no obvious change in mortality rate was observed.

Objective To investigate the role of natural killer cells (NK cells) in patients with chronic hepatitis B (CHB). Methods Blood samples and liver biopsies from 108 CHB patients including 43 mild, 28 moderate and 37 severe CHB patients were collected. The levels of interferon (IFN) gamma in liver tissues and peripheral blood were detected by intracellular cytokine staining.The data were analyzed by t test. Results The levels of IFN gamma produced by NK cells in liver tissues and peripheral blood of patients with severe CHB were (8. 12±4. 26) % and (4. 59±2. 95) % ,respectively, which were significantly higher than those in patients with mild CHB [(3. 53±1. 56)%and (2. 26±0.61)%, respectively; t=3. 80 and t = 4. 30, respectively; both P<0. 05] and those in patients with moderate CHB [(4. 59±1. 98)% and (2. 48±1. 05)%, respectively;t=2. 62 and t =3. 28, respectively; both P<0. 05]. While there were no differences of IFN gamma produced by NK cells both in liver tissues and peripheral blood between mild and moderate CHB patients (t=0. 99 and t=1. 27, respectively; both P>0. 05). The levels of IFN gamma produced by NK cells in liver tissues and blood samples in severe phase of severe CHB were (10. 02 ± 4. 15)% and (6. 78 + 2. 91)%, respectively, those in recovery phase were (6. 13±2. 01)% and (3. 13± 1. 52)%, respectively (t = 1. 89 and t=1. 74, respectively; both P<0. 05]. Conclusion NK cells may play a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of severe CHB.

Objective To study the expression of programmed death 1(PD-1) on the peripheral T lymphocytes and the serum cytokine levels in different phases of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection (immune tolerance,immune clearance and non-replicating phases).Methods A total of 105 HBV infected patients in different phases of infection were enrolled in Wuxi No.5 People's Hospital from Apr to Sep 2011,and divided into three groups:the immune tolerance group (35 cases),the immune clearance group (35 cases) and the non-replicating group (35 cases).Meanwhile,20 healthy people were enrolled as controls.The peripheral blood was collected and PD-1 expressions on the surface of T lymphocytes were assessed by flow cytometry.The cytokine levels in different groups were analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The data were analyzed by t test and Pearson correlation analysis.Results The PD-1 expression on surface of CD8+ T lymphocytes of HBV infected patients was (12.35± 3.48)％,which was significantly higher than healthy control group [(4.65±1.21) ％] (t=9.76,P＜0.01).The PD-1 expression on CD4+ T lymphocytes was (4.95±2.87) ％,which was not significantly different from the healthy controls [(4.08±2.14) ％] (t =1.29,P＞0.05).The PD-1 expressions on CD8+ T lymphocytes of patients in the immune tolerance group,the immune clearance group and the non-replicating group were (15.87±3.18)％,(7.69±3.64)％and (10.12±2.84) ％,respectively; that in the immune tolerance group was higher than the immune clearance group (t=10.01,P＜0.01) and that in healthy control group was lower than those in the other 3 groups (t=15.12,3.61 and 8.17,respectively; all P＜0.01).The PD-1 expression on the surface of CD8+ T lymphocytes in chronic HBV infected patients was positively correlated with the serum interleukin-10 (IL-10) level (γ=0.377,P＜0.05),while that was negatively correlated with interferon-γ (IFN-γ) level (r=-0.620,P＜0.05).Conclusions PD-1 is up-regulated on the surface of CD8+ T lymphocytes from chronic HBV infected patients.And PD-1 is negatively correlated with serum IFN-γ levels and positively correlated with serum IL-10 levels.The expression of PD-1 on the surface of CD8+ T lymphocytes influences the balance of helper T cell (Th)1/Th2,which might play a role in the persistence of HBV infection.