Objective To evaluate the value of fat-saturated three-dimensional fast imaging with steady state procession(FS-3D-FISP)sequence in detecting hyaline cartilage defects in osteoarthritis in rabbits.Methods Osteoarthritis was induced in eighteen male rabbits by injecting papain into the left knee joints.The same volume of sterile saline solution was injected into right knee joints as controls.MRI of knee joints was done at 1,2 and 4 weeks after injection using FS-3D-FISP sequence.The the rabbits were killed and pathohistological examinations of the femoral condylars and tibial plateaus were performed.The cartilage changes were observed by MR image according to the Outerbridge method and by pathology using Collins staging.Results There was closely correlation between MR imaging and pathology in grading of cartilage injury in grade I～II and grade III～IV(P＜0.001).Conclusion FS-3D-FISP can evaluate accurately the degree of articular injury.

Objective: To study the segment of liver according to the large amount of three-dimensional(3D) reconstructive images of normal human livers and the vascular system, and to recognize the basic functional liver unit based on the anatomic features of the intrahepatic portal veins. Methods: The enhanced CT primitive DICOM files of 1 260 normal human livers from different age groups who treated from October 2013 to February 2017 provided by 16 hospitals were analyzed using the computer-aided surgery system.The 3D liver and liver vascular system were reconstructed, and the digital liver 3D model was established.The vascular morphology, anatomical features, and anatomical distributions of intrahepatic portal veins were statistically analyzed. Results: The digital liver model obtained from the 3D reconstruction of CAS displayed clear intrahepatic portal vein vessels of level four.Perform a digital liver segments study based on the analysis of level four vascular distribution areas.As the less anatomical variation of left hepatic portal vein, the liver was classified into four types of liver segmentation mainly based on right hepatic portal vein.Type A was similar to Couinaud or Cho′s segmentation, containing 8 segments(537 cases, 42.62%). Type B contained 9 segments as there are three ramifications of right-anterior portal vein(464 cases, 36.82%). The main difference for Type C was the variation of right-posterior portal vein which was sector shape(102 cases, 8.10%). Type D contained the cases with special portal vein variations, which needs three-dimensional simulation to design individualized liver resection plan(157 cases, 12.46%). These results showed that there was no significant difference in liver segmental typing between genders(χ²=2.179, P=0.536) and did not reveal any significant difference in liver segmental typing among the different age groups(χ²=0.357, P=0.949). Conclusions The 3D digital liver model can demonstrate the true 3D anatomical structures, and its spatial vascular variations.The observation of anatomic features, distribution areas of intrahepatic portal veins and individualized liver segmentation achieved via digital medical 3D visualization technology is of great value for understand the complexity of liver anatomy and to guide the precise hepatectomy.

[摘 要] 目的：探究雷公藤甲素（TPL）通过miR-34b-5p调控Notch1表达对骨肉瘤U2OS细胞铁死亡影响的机制。方法：常规培养U2OS细胞，将其分为对照组、TPL（10 μmol/L）组、TPL（10 μmol/L）+Fer-1（铁死亡抑制剂，20 μmol/L） 组、miR-NC组、miR-34b-5p组、miR-34b-5p+Fer-1（20 μmol/L）组、TPL（10 μmol/L）+anti-miR-34b-5p组、anti-miR-34b-5p+Fer-1（20 μmol/L）组。qPCR法、CCK-8法、铁离子检测试剂、DHE-荧光探针和WB法分别检测各组U2OS细胞中miR-34b-5p的表达、增殖能力、Fe2+水平、ROS水平以及铁死亡相关蛋白（GPX4、SLC7A11及Notch1蛋白）的表达，双萤光素酶报告基因实验验证miR-34b-5p与Notch1的靶向结合关系。结果： TPL可促进U2OS细胞中miR-34b-5p表达，Fer-1和anti-miR-34b-5p则抑制miR-34b-5p的表达（均P<0.05）。TPL明显抑制U2OS细胞的增殖、GPX4、SLC7A11、Notch1蛋白的表达、增加细胞中Fe2+和ROS的含量，Fer-1可逆转TPL对U2OS细胞的作用（均P<0.05）。过表达miR-34b-5p与TPL对U2OS细胞的作用相似（均P<0.05）。miR-34b-5p可靶向结合Notch1（均P<0.05）。miR-34b-5p抑制剂可明显抑制TPL对U2OS细胞的影响，Fer-1可增强miR-34b-5p抑制剂的作用（均P<0.05）。结论：TPL可抑制U2OS细胞的增殖能力并促进其铁死亡，其作用机制可能与miR-34a-5p靶向调节Notch1表达有关。

Evaluating the consistency of herb injectable formulations could improve their product quality and clinical safety, particularly concerning the composition and content levels of trace ingredients. Panax notoginseng Saponins Injection (PNSI), widely used in China for treating acute cardiovascular diseases, contains low-abundance (10%-25%) and trace saponins in addition to its five main constituents (notoginsenoside R₁, ginsenoside Rg₁, ginsenoside Re, ginsenoside Rb₁, and ginsenoside Rd). This study aimed to establish a robust analytical method and assess the variability in trace saponin levels within PNSI from different vendors and formulation types. To achieve this, a liquid chromatography-triple quadrupole mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS) method employing multiple ions monitoring (MIM) was developed. A "post-column valve switching" strategy was implemented to eliminate highly abundant peaks (NR₁, Rg₁, and Re) at 26 min. A total of 51 saponins in PNSI were quantified or relatively quantified using 18 saponin standards, with digoxin as the internal standard. This study evaluated 119 batches of PNSI from seven vendors, revealing significant variability in trace saponin levels among different vendors and formulation types. These findings highlight the importance of consistent content in low-abundance and trace saponins to ensure product control and clinical safety. Standardization of these ingredients is crucial for maintaining the quality and effectiveness of PNSI in treating acute cardiovascular diseases.
Ginsenosides ; Saponins ; Chemometrics ; Panax notoginseng ; Cardiovascular Diseases ; Chromatography, Liquid ; Tandem Mass Spectrometry