Aim To investigate the effects of paeonol on lipopolysaccharide ( LPS) and adenosine 5′-triphos-phate ( ATP) induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in primary rat microglia and the mechanisms responsi-ble for this anti-inflammatory effects. Methods Pri-mary rat microglia were identified immunohistochemi-cally using the cluster of differentiation 11 b ( CD11 b ) antibody. Proinflammatory cytokine IL-1β was deter-mined by ELISA. Western blot was performed to ob-serve the protein expression of NLRP3 , ASC and caspase-1 in cultured primary rat microglia. The level of intracellular reactive oxygen species ( ROS) was mo-nitored by using the fluorescent probe 2′, 7′-dichlo-rofluorescein diacetate ( DCFH-DA ) . Results LPS (0. 5 mg · L-1 )/ATP ( 5 mmol · L-1 ) significantly increased intracellular ROS level and IL-1β secretion and upregulated NLRP3 , ASC and caspase-1 protein expression in primary rat microglia. Paeonol signifi-cantly decreased intracellular ROS level and IL-1β se-cretion, and inhibited LPS/ATP induced overexpres-sion of NLRP3 , ASC and caspase-1 in cultured primary rat microglia. Conclusion Paeonol can inhibit LPS/ATP induced NLRP3 inflammasome activation in pri-mary rat microglia, and this inhibitory effect may be through the suppression of intracellular ROS.

Objective:To evaluate the clinical effects of topical administration of phenytoin ( PHT) on wound healing. Methods:The clinical trials on PHT topically used for wound healing were collected from Cocharne Library and PubMed ( from database establish-ment to May, 2016. Meta-analysis was performed using RevMan 5. 0 software and Stata 12. 0 software. Results:A total of 15 stud-ies involving 1 048 patients were included. Topical PHT treatment was significantly associated with complete healing rate (OR=3. 28, 95%CI:1. 23-8. 75, P=0. 02), production rate of health granulation tissue (OR=2. 18,95%CI:1. 33-3. 59, P=0. 002) and aver-age percentage reduction of wound surface size (SMD=1. 77, 95%CI:0. 53-3. 02, P<0. 000 01). However, heterogeneity existed in complete healing rate and average percentage reduction of wound surface size among the studies. Meta-regression analysis showed that wound types (P=0. 02) and treatment periods(P=0. 08) were associated with the heterogeneity of complete healing rate outcomes, and mean age was associated with the heterogeneity of average percentage reduction of wound surface size(P=0. 07). Conclusion:Meta-analysis suggests that topical PHT treatment has significant positive clinical effect on wound healing. There is heterogeneity among the studies, so topical PHT treatment still should be applied in clinical practice prudently.

ObjectiveTo explore the psychological training methods on improving the mental adaptation and performance of recruits.MethodsAccording to army's squad establishment,372 recruits were randomly extracted and divided into intervention group (182) and control group (190).A series of special group psychological trainings,such as Warm barracks,Friendly Care,Self-awareness,Interpersonal communication,etc,was applied to the recruits of the intervention group through the squad leaders given psychological training.The effect was assessed with Psychosocial Stress Survey For Groups (PSSG),General Maladjustment Scale (GM),Social Support Rating Scale (SSRS),General Self-Efficacy Scale (GSES),Wallace Slef-Concept Scale (WSCS) and Examined Performance.ResultsThe scores of negative emotion was [(3.89±2.01) score vs (2.56±1.65) score ],negative copy was [(3.96±2.52) score vs (2.97±1.78)score],total stress was [(46.36±21.74)score vs (33.71±17.56) score],maladjustment was [(11.26±5.04)score vs (9.10±4.53)score] in the intervention group,which was significantly reduced than those in the control group(P＜0.01).But the scores of positive emotion was [(3.70±1.62) score vs (4.16±1.84) score],positive copy was [(5.21±1.94) score vs (6.93±2.17) score ],subjective support was [(21.37±3.59)score vs (22.56±3.53)score] and support utilization was [(7.03±2.16) score vs (8.92±2.44) score],self-concept was [(74.33±15.72) score vs (80.65±13.98) score],self-efficacy was [(2.44±0.56) score vs (2.91.±0.52) score ] and the examination performance was [(pull-up:(5.12±3.77) times vs (12.09±4.52) times; sit-up:(30.82±9.54) times/3 min vs (70.20±16.83) times/3min; push-up:(21.32±9.73)times/2 min vs (61.75±17.62)times/2 min; Running 3000 meters:(14.17±1.14) s vs (12.82±0.32) s; standing grade throw:(26.68±4.62) mvs (35.38±8.44) m ],which was significantly improved (P＜0.01 or P＜0.05).ConclusionsComprehensive group psychological training implemented by Squad leader could effectively improve the ability of adaptation of recruits and promote the performance.

Objective To study the mechanism underlying attentional biases toward event-related potentials (ERPs) in healthy male subjects.Methods 18 male healthy subjects performed emotional stroop task by pressing the buttons to the picture border color of two categories including the neutral and positive.The RT and Accuracy were recorded automatically.The ERPs were recorded by Neuroscan system.Results The behavioral results showed that neither the reaction time (628.11 ± 55.46) ms vs (628.81 ± 53.92) ms nor accuracy (96.87 ± 4.42) ％ vs (95.76±7.41)％ found difference under two conditions.ERPs results showed that the positive pictures evoked more greater P2 ((8.16±4.99)μV vs (4.30±3.83)μV) and P3 ((6.31±4.53)μV vs (4.27±4.16)μV) than neutral pictures.Conclusion Attentional biases toward positive emotion can be found in healthy male subjects,which can be related to emotional control process.

Objective To study the curative effect of continuous veno-venous hemodiafiltration(CVVH)in patients with acute renal failure(ARF)after aortic dissection surgery. Methods Fifteen patients with renal dysfunction following aortic dissection surgery underwent CVVH from Feb. 2002 to Dec. 2009 in this study.The clinical data of these patients were collected,such as heart rate(HR),central vein pressure(CVP),mean artery blood pressure(MAP),PaO2,renal function,perioperative manifestations and outcomes. Results Eleven patients survived but 4 died during the course of treatment. There were significant decreases of BUN,Creatinin after CVVH (P ＜ 0. 05)treatment,and the urine volume returned to nomal after CVVH in 6 -40 days. Conclusions CVVH is an effective,convenient and safe treatment for patients with severely ARF following aortic dissection surgery.

BACKGROUND: How to successfully obtain compact endothelium layers on smooth muscle cells is the most crucial part for the tissue-engineered vessels. OBJECTIVE: To explore the effects of different cell implantation concentrations on the construction of the complete biological tissue-engineered blood vessels.METHODS: Different concentrations of porcine vascular smooth muscle cells (5×105, 5×107 cells/L) were implanted on the porcine acellular vascular matrix to culture for 3 days. Then different concentrations of endothelial progenitor cells (5×105, 5×107 cells/L) were implanted on the smooth muscle cell-vascular matrix composite to construct lamellar complete biological tissue-engineered blood vessels.RESULTS AND CONCLUSION: The growth curves of high concentrations of smooth muscle cells on the acellular vascular matrix were similar to that of low concentrations. Moreover, the growth curves of cells implanted in the culture plates were similar to that implanted on the acellular matrix. However, cells in the low concentration groups have relatively low proliferation activity and low coverage rate. The cell coverage rate decreased as follows: high concentrations of endothelial progenitor cells+acellular matrix containing high concentrations of smooth muscle cells > high concentrations of endothelial progenitor cells+acellular matrix containing low concentrations of smooth muscle cells > low concentrations of endothelial progenitor cells+acellular matrix containing high concentrations of smooth muscle cells > low concentrations of endothelial progenitor cells+acellular matrix containing low concentrations of smooth muscle cells. Moreover, high concentrations of endothelial progenitor cells form relatively compact layers on the acellular matrix and show cobble-like growth. These findings indicate that an increase in the cell implantation concentrations is beneficial to the rapid formation of compact cell layers on the material surface.

Objective To summary the experience of T4 esophageal carcinoma surgery and to explore the methods and operating skills on descending thoracic aortic resection with prosthetic vascular graft replacement in patients with T4 locally advanced esophageal carcinoma invading descending thoracic aorta.Methods From Jan.2001 to Dec.2010,36 patients with esophageal carcinoma underwent esophagectomy and descending aortic replacement simultaneously in our hospital.The clinical data were retrospectively reviewed.All patients had a left posterior lateral incision via the 6th intercostal space.The vascular adventitia of the descending thoracic aorta in the left side was incised,and the aorta was clamped in the proximal and distal side of the invaded segment.Then the invaded segment was resected and replaced with artificial vessels.Esophageal carcinoma was radically resceted,and left cervical esophageal-gastro anastomosis was performed in all patients.Results Radical resection of esophageal carcinoma was achieved in all patients.There was no perioperative death,or severe complications such as paraplegina,acute renal failure and intestinal dysfunction occurred.Two patients had chylous hydrothorax,and one had late stage anastomotic stoma fistula.The post-operative hospital stay was 10-42 d,mean (15.5 ± 7.2 )d.The pathological examination revealed that all the patients had squamous cell carcinoma.The aortic tunica adventitia was invaded in all the patients,9(25％ ) had tunica media invasion,and there was no tunica intima invasion observed.The 1-,3-,and 5-year survival rate was 80.6％,46.2％ and 20.0％ respectively.Conclusion Combined esophagectomy and descending aortic replacement for locally advanced T4 esophageal carcinoma invading aorta can be considered as radical operation for selected patients,and it can improve the survival rate and life quality of the patients.

Objective:To retrospectively analyze the results and mid-term outcomes of 107 patients with corrected congenital transposition of great arteries(CCTGA)who underwent surgical treatment.Methods:A total of 107 CCTGA patients with surgical treatment from January 1996 to October 2005 in our hospital were studied.There were 72 male and 35 female,with the mean age of 11.5±8.4years and mean body weight of 31.6±4.7kg. Among the cohort,81 were levocardia,23 dextrocardia,and 3 medocardia.Initial surgical procedure included single ventricle repair in 14 cases,conventional biventricular repair in 75 and biventricular anatomical repair in 18 cases. 99(93%)patients were followed up with the mean time of 47.8 months.Results:The early operative mortality rate was 4.76% in different procedures.The death rate with single ventricle repair was 0%,conventional biventricular repair 4%,atrial-arterial double switch 0%,atrial-ventricular double switch 40%. The risk factors for operative mortality were lesions with double outlet left ventricle combined with pulmonary stenosis(P<0.01)and Rastelli procedure(P<0.05). 12 patients(12.6%)died during the follow up period,among them,10(83.3%)were in conventional repair group,2(16.7%)in single ventricle repair group,and no death in double switch group. The risk of death during the follow up period of time were conventional biventricular repair,Rastelli procedure and tricuspid regurgitation.Conclusion:Conventional biventricular repair had a disappointing outcome in both operation and in long-term of follow up time. Patients suitable for single ventricular repair had fair short-and mid-term outcomes. Atrial-arterial double switch procedure had good operation and long-term results.

Objectives: To study the correlation between plasma matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP 9) concentration and acute lung injury following cardiopulmonary bypass(CPB). Methods: Human plasma was obtained after informed consent from twenty patients undergoing CPB. Plasma was collected at the beginning of CPB, 5 minutes after the initiation of CPB, at the termination of CPB, 1 hour after the termination of CPB and 6 hours after the termination of CPB. All samples were analyzed by standard enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). A aDO 2 and respiratory index (RI) was measured at the termination, 1 hour and 6 hours after termination of CPB. The cross clamp times, CPB times and the time to extubation was recorded. Data were expressed as means ?SE and assessed by analysis of variance (ANOVA).The regression analysis was utilized to define the correlations of variables measured( A aDO 2 ,RI, cross clamp times, CPB times and the time to extubation ) at the end of CPB. Results: Plasma MMP 9 concentration was significantly increased at the end of CPB (430.6?50)?g/L( P

Objective To construct erythromycin-overproducing mutants by tandemly expressing S-adenosylmethionine synthetase gene metK, Vitreoscilla hemoglobin gene vhbS and pleiotropic regulatory gene adpA in Saccharopolyspora eryth-raea.Methods Through PEG-mediated protoplast transformation , the integrative plasmid carrying metK, vhbS and adpA was respectively introduced into erythromycin-producing wild-type strain S.erythraea A226 and industrial strain WB .The engineered strains were generated by apramycin resistance screening and PCR identification .The erythromycin production was compared in original strains and their mutants by the inhibition test of Bacillus subtilis and HPLC analysis .Results and Conclusion Four A226-derived mutants A226-P1-P4 and three WB-derived mutants WB-P1-P3 were independently obtained.Compared with wild-type strain A226, the relative erythromycin titer of the four engineered strains A 226-P1-P4 was increased from 8%to 25%by scoring the growth-inhibition zones .Further HPLC analysis showed that the four mutants had increased erythromycin A yield by 64%-94%.Likewise, the relative erythromycin titer and erythromycin A yield of the three engineered strains WB-P1-P3 were enhanced by 6%-10%and 31%-62%, respectively, in comparison with the original strain WB.The results show the universality of enhancing erythromycin productionvia tandem expression of metK, vhbS and adpA in S.erythraea.