Purpose:To identify the expression of the DNA v accine in mice muscles and detect its ability to induce special cellular and hum oral immune response to carcinoembryonic antigens. Methods:Using cloning technique,the cDNA fragments of CEA gene and mouse co-stimulatory molecule IL-2 gene were constructed into the mammali an co-expression plasmid vector pIRES.Tongue muscle of mice were injected with our plasmid. The expression of CEA molecules in muscle was identified by immunoh istochemitry technique .The humoral responses were detected by ELISA technique, the special celluar immuse responses were detected by CTL and NK cytotoxity assa y. Results:We identified that our plasmids can express the CEA and IL-2 molecules in muscles of mice.CEA-antibody and IL-4 molecules appear in blood serum of mice,CTL activities and NK cytotoxity were much stronger in immun ized mice. Conclusions:The constructed mammalian co-expression plasmid pI RES-CEA , pIRES-IL-2,pIRES-CEA- IL-2 can express CEA and IL-2 molecules i n muscles and can generate cellular and humoral immunological responses to CEA p ositive carcinoma.

Thirty cases were treated. Of them, 2 were basically cure, 8 remitted, 14 remarkably ameliorated, 6 cases ineffective, the total effective rate being 80%. Changes in signs and symptoms revealed that the rate of amelioration was over 75%. After the therapy, the values of CD3, CD4, and CD4/CD8 were all markedly increased, CD8 markedly lowered with significant statistic differece (P

Purpose:To construct the mammalian co expression plasmid pIRES CEA IM 2 and detect the expression of the plasmid in vitro. Methods:Using cloning technique,the cDNA fragments of CEA gene and mouse molecule IL 2 gene were constructed into the mammalian co expression plasmid vector pIRES.The inserted target genes in the mammalian co expression plasmid were verified by nucleotide sequencing.C 26 cell line was transfected with this mammalian co expression plasmid using lipofecarnin reagent. The expression of CEA and IL 2 molecules were detected by ELISA technique.Results:The mammalian co expression plasmid pIRES CEA IL 2 was obtained by cloning technique. The nucleotide sequences of CEA gene and molecule IL 2 gene in this mammalian co expression plasmid had high homology with CEA standard strain (99.8%) and mouse IL 2 (99.9%) respectively. After transfection with this mammalian co expression plasmid, the CEA and IL 2 molecules were expressed in C 26 cells. Conclusions:The constructed mammalian co expression plasmid pIRES CEA IL 2 can express CEA and IL 2 molecules in vitro at the same time.

ObjectiveTo construct the eukaryotic coexpression plasmid CEA/IL-2, and to lay the foundation for further studying CEA nucleiotide vaccine , adjuvant and their effects of special antitumor immunity.MethodsThe eukaryotic expression plasmid (pcDNA3-CEA)containing the gene coding for CEA was obtained by RT-PCR and gene recombination techniques.Using enzymolysis,ligation and other techniques,an eukaryotic coexpression plasmid (pIRES-CEA/IL-2)containing two expression unites of CEA and IL-2 gene connected with internal ribosome site was constructed.ResultsThe coexpression plasmids were transformed into COS7 cells and expression of two proteins were demonstrated by ELISA, and flow cytometer and elecsy.CEA and IL-2 were (23.73?0.26)ng/ml,and(20.17?0.13)ng/ml respectively.ConclusionsThe eukaryotic expression plasmids pIRES-CEA/IL-2 could be successfully constructed and transformed into COS7 cells.Expression of two proteins were demonstrated with no difference on expression.

Objective To summarize the experience of intraoperative neuromonitoring (IONM) system for monitoring and protection of recurrent laryngeal nerve (RLN) during thyroid surgery.Methods A total of 220 cases were enrolled in this study (53 males and 167 females),with the median age of 38.2 years old.There were 85 cases of thyroid cancer,19 cases of thyroid benign tumor,90 cases of thyroid goiter,3 cases of Hashimoto's diseases,and 23 cases of hyperthyroidism.113 cases had tumors larger than 5 cm in diameter.During the procedure,2 recording needle electrodes were put in cricothyroid muscle and 1 stimulator electrode was explored in tracheoasophageal groove.If any RLN was fight there or nearby,doctors can see the electromyogram and hear the toothonk.With careful dissection,RLN can be found out till exploring into the larynx site.Results Electromyogram showed in 207 cases (278 nerves),and it didn't show in 13 cases,among whom 9 cases were false-negative because of system or annesthesia problems,4 cases didn't manage to have needle electrodes put in properly due to cricothyroid muscle being invaded.No permanent RLN paralysis occoured.Transient nerve paralysis occurred in 2 cases,who recovered in 1 month after operation.Conclusion IONM system is an effective way to avoid damage to RLN in thyroidectomy.

Isoprene emission can lead to significant consequence for atmospheric chemistry. In addition, isoprene is a chemical compound for various industrial applications. In the organisms, isoprene is produced by isoprene synthase that eliminates the pyrophosphate from the dimethylallyl diphosphate. As a key enzyme of isoprene formation, isoprene synthase plays an important role in the process of natural emission and artificial synthesis of isoprene. So far, isoprene synthase has been found in various plants. Isoprene synthases from different sources are of conservative structural and similar biochemical properties. In this review, the biochemical and structural characteristics of isoprene synthases from different sources were compared, the catalytic mechanism of isoprene synthase was discussed, and the perspective application of the enzyme in bioengineering was proposed.