This study is to establish a rat chronic asthma model. Sensitive SD rats were selected through histamine challenge. The asthmatic groups were sensitized by ih and ip with OVA, aluminium hydroxide gel and inactivated bacillus pertussis on day 1 and 14. From day 21, acute asthmatic group was aerosolized 1% OVA for 1 week, chronic asthmatic group was aerosolized 0.1% OVA for 12 weeks. The control groups received saline as the substitution of OVA. Twenty four hours after the last provocation, physiological monitoring equipment was used to detect the pulmonary function, then the rats were sacrificed. Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was collected to calculate the ratio of different inflammatory cells. ELISA was used to detect total IgE and OVA-specific IgE in serum. Microscopy was conducted to observe the histopathology of lung stained with haematoxylin and eosin staining. Collagen fibers were detected using Picric acid-Sirius red staining technique. The optical density at 610 nm of extractive from locus caeruleus was detected by passive cutaneous anaphylaxis (PCA). The results showed that the asthmatic characteristics were significantly developed in model groups, but not in control groups. Chronic asthmatic group had significantly higher indexes than acute asthmatic group, including the thickness of airway smooth muscle and bronchial basement membrane, and goblet cell hyperplasia, the area of collagen in airways, A610 of extractive from locus caeruleus, the concentration of total IgE and OVA-specific IgE in serum. However, inflammatory cell infiltrate in lungs and the percentage of eosinophils of white blood cells in BALF were lower in chronic asthmatic group than those in acute asthmatic group. Respiratory rate and respiratory flow showed no significant difference in both model groups. In conclusion, the rat chronic asthma model is established by the way in this study, which is comparable to the physiopathologic characteristics of human asthma.

Aim To investigate the optimal condition for expression of pCI-neo-IL-1ra-Fc? plasmid for gene therapy and its immune response in rats.Methods Different doses(0.25,0.5,2.5 mg?kg-1)pCI-neo-IL-1ra-Fc? plasmid were instilled into lungs of rats through tracheas,then expressions of IL-1ra-Fc? fusion protein were detected at different interval times(d 4,d 7,d 20)by RT-PCR and Western blot.Through immu-nohistochemistry analysis of rat lungs,those results of optimal condition were validated.Dynamic changes of rat serum IgG level,including IgG2a and IgG1 were detected by indirect ELISA.Results IL-1ra-Fc? could be detected at 20th day after instilling pCI-neo-IL-1ra-Fc? plasmid in all dose groups.The expression level in 2.5 mg?kg-1 groups was higher than that in other two groups.IL-1ra-Fc? protein could not be expressed at 4th day,but increased at 7th day and reached maximum at 20th day after instillation.IL-1ra-Fc? gene could be efficiently expressed in rat lungs by immunohistochemistry analysis.Humoral immunity of rats was induced by pCI-neo-IL-1ra-Fc? plasmid.IgG2? expression was predominant in IgG subsets,showing that the humoral immunity was Th1-like immune response.Conclusion The optimal condition is established for gene therapy with pCI-neo-IL-1ra-Fc? plasmid which can induce Th1-like immune response in rats.

Objective To optimize the extraction process of total flavonoids in Hypericum perforatum L.. Methods The concentration and volume of alcohol, extraction time and frequency were systematically studied by the total flavonoids as the marker. Results The more effective way to extract total flavones was extraction with 8 times amount of 70% alcohol under reflux for 3 times and 2 h for each time. Conclusion This method obtains more effective components. It is stable and reliable.

Objective: In order to observe the therapeutic effect of acupuncture in reducing muscular tension of the limb in apoplectic hemiplegia. Methods:Yin-meridian electroacupuncture was used to treat 37 cases of high muscular tension of limbs in apoplectic hemiplegia. Results:The total effective rate was 83.3% in reducing muscular tension and was 86.5% in increasing the index in the activity of daily life (ADL). Conclusion: The findings show that yin- meridian electro- acupuncture has a good effect in reducing muscular tension and improving the activity of daily living and is beneficial to rehabilitation of paralyzed limb.

Purpose:To study the methods of treatment of spinalcord implanation medulloblatoma with combined chemotherapy. Methods:Teniposide (VM 26) 100 mg/day (dissolving in 250 ml physiological saline(N.S.)) was injected intravenously in 3 consecutive days. And it was repeated after a 7 day interval, and bleomycin A 5(PYM) 4 mg (in 250 ml N.S.) was intravenously injected twice a week. Methotrexate (MTX) 10 mg (in 5 ml N.S.) and dexamethsone 3 mg were injected intrathically once a week. The whole treatment included 5 courses and lasted about one and half month.Results:The study involved 6 cases. MRI, whick were performed 2 weeks after the treatment, showed tumors disappeared in 2 cases and 80% shrunk in 4 cases. The tumors completely disappeared after repeated treatments in the 4 cases. Conclusions:Combined chemotherapy is an efficient alternative treatment for spinalcord implanation medulloblatoma.

AIM To observe the influence of high fat diet on the success rate of diet induced obesity rat. METHODS Rats of model group were fed with hight fat diet for 16 weeks then, the weight and Lee index were measured and compared with those of normal control group. RESULTS The weight and Lee index of model group rats were 491 62?46 89 and 319 04?9 49. Those of the normal control group rats were 394 2?50 78 and 304 63?5 99. There were significant difference between the two groups( P

BACKGROUND: Neural precursor cells exist in the central nervous system (CNS) of adult mammals, characterized fundamentally by such biological properties of multipotential differentiation and capability of maintaining their stable quantity.OBJECTIVE: To investigate the proliferation and migration of the neural precursor cells in adult rat brain following fluid percussion injury (FPI),and explore their role in the repair of CNS damage.DESIGN:Randomized controlled experiment.SETITNG: Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Beijing Institute of Neurosurgery.MATERIALS: This experiment was carried out at the Laboratory of Pathophysiology, Beijing Institute of Neurosurgery. Totally 67 adult Wistar rats were randomized into a control group (n=7) and 5 FPI groups (n=12)sampled 1, 3, 7, 14, and 30 days after FPI, respectively. Each FPI group was further divided into artificial cerebral spinal fluid (CSF) group (n=2),basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) group (n=5) and neurotrophin-3 (NT3) group (n=5).METHODS: Lateral fluid percussion brain injury was induced in rats in the FPI group and the rats in the control group were only subjected to craniotomy without percussion. The rats in FPI groups were given intraperitoneal injection of bromodexyuridine (BrdU) at the dosage of 50 mg/kg for three times a day in 1- and 3-day FPI groups, but only once a day in 7-and 14-day groups, with the final dose given 2 hours before sacrifice. The rats in bFGF subgroup and NT-3 subgroup were given bFGF at the total daily dose of 360 ng and NT-3 of 240 ng, respectively, while those in artificial CSF subgroup received perfusion fluid of 4 μL without bFGF or NT3 every day. The dynamic expressions of nestin and BrdU in the rat brain were determined with immunocytochemistry. BrdU labeling method was used to identify the differentiated neural progenitor cells, and nestin expression was used to identify the neural progenitor cells.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Expressions of Brdu, glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP)+/Brdu+ and GFAP-/Brdu+ cells in the rat brain of each group at various time points.with the control group, nestin-positive cells in the cortex, hippocampus and subventricular zone on the injured side was obviously increased at 1day after FPI (3.1±1.1 vs 0, 5.5±0.9 vs 1.3±0.8 and 8.1±0.9 vs 2.3±0.8 in each visual field, respectively, P＜0.05), reaching the peak on day 7 (7.5±1.2,10.2±1.5, and 13.6±1.2 in each visual field, respectively) and disappeared BrdU-positive cells in the cortex, hippocampus and subventricular zone on the injured side increased to the highest level 3 days after FPI (12.6±1.5,9.9±1.1, and 13.4±1.0 in each visual field, respectively), but gradually delar zone gradually migrated to the opposite side across the corpus callosum.CONCLUSION: FPI can stimulate the proliferation and migration of neural progenitor cells in adult rat brain, such as in the cortex, hippocampus and subventricular zone, where the nestin-positive cells is the most 7 days after the injury, but BrdU-positive cells is the most 3 days after the injury.

Objective To study the effect of catgut implantation at acupoint on insulin resistance of simple obesity.Methods All patients were separated into the treatment group(catgut implantation group)and the control group(acupuncture group)with 30 cases in each group.Acupoints of zhongwan,tianshu,qihai,shangjuxu,were selected and needled for 3 months.Such indexes as body weight,waistline,hip circumference,body mass index(BMI),fasting blood glucose(FBG),insulin and insulin resistance(IR) before and after treatment were observed.Results Both groups showed obvious anti-obesity effect to simple obesity,manifested by significant differences(P＜0.05)at the indexes of body weight,waistline BMI and appetite before and after treatment.Self-comparison in each group showed such indexes as BFS,insulin and IR were significantly decreased after treatment than those before treatment (P＜0.05)There was no significant difference at the above-mentioned indexes between the two groups(P＞0.05).Conclusions Catgut implantation at acupoint can reduce fat for simple obesity patients by controlling the level of fasting blood sugar,fasting blood insulin and IR in patients.

BACKGROUND:Finding of neural stem cells(NSCs)brings new hope for repairing central nervous system(CNS)injury.However,the influence of internal environment after brain injury on the survival and differentiation of NSCs is a complexand variable process.OBJECTIVE:To observe the survival and differentiation of human embryonic NSCs following implantation into rats with fluid percussion brain injury.DESIGN:Open experiment.SETTING:Department of Neurosurgery,Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine;Beijing Institute of Neurosurgery.MATERIALS:This experiment was carried out In the Laboratory of Neural Stem Cells,Beijing Institute of Neurosurgery from September 2002 to March 2003.Twenty-four female SD rats,aged 7 weeks,with body mass of(250±10)g,were provided by the Experimental Animal lnstitute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences[License Nd. SCXK(Jing)2002-2003]. Cerebrum of 8-week aborted fetus was obtained (Informed consents were obtained from parturients and their relatives). Fetal survival was monitored by B ultrasonic wave during abortion. BrdU monoclonal antibody(Sigma Company),rabbit anti-nidogen polyclonal antibody(Chemicon Company),mouse anti-microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP-2)monoclonal antibody(Neomarkers Company),rabbit anti-gliaI fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)polyclonal antibody (Biogenex Company).METHODS:① CerebraI cortex cells of 8-week aborted human fetus was harvested and cultured in vitro for obtaining human embryronic NSCs.②Rat models of hydraulic impact injury were developed.Bone window of motor sensory area of cerebral cortex was set at 2.5mm posterior to bregma which was zero point and 3.0 mm lateral to midline.Hydraulic impact injury parameters were set as impact pressure 0.3 MPa. impact time 25 ms and impact time once. ③BrdU-labeled human embryronic NSCs were implanted into injured area al 24 hours after injury.After 1 and 4 weeks.rats were sacrificed.Adjacent sections were doubly stained bv BrdU/MAP-2 and BrdU/GFAP.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Survival and immigration of implanted human embryonic NSCs.②Differentiation of implanted human embryonic NSCs.RESULTS:①BrdU-positive cells were oval and brown.At 1 and 4 weeks after implantation,BrdU-positive cells survived and migrated,and they migrated more widely at 4 weeks after implantation. ②At 1 week after implantation,more BrdU-positive cells were found in the subcortical granular layer and subcortex,and BrdU/MAP-2-positive cells were more than BrdU/GFAP-positive cells;At 4 weeks after implantation,BrdU-positive cells were significantly reduced,and found in choroid plexus and blood capillary,and BrdU/GFAP-positive cells were more than BrdU/MAP-2-positive cells.CONCLUSION:Implanted human embryonic NSCs can survive in the region of brain injury.gradually differentiate into astrocytes during rehabilitation and are easily digested by endothelial phagocytes.It indicates that immunological rejaction possibly influences the survival of human embryonic NSCs.

Objective To understand laboratory diagnosis and clinical characteristics of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV ) infection and AIDS patients in three comprehensive hospitals .Methods Laboratory diagnosis and clinical characteristics dates of people living with HIV/AIDS patients consulted in Chongqing Emergency Medical Center between 2007 to 2013 were retrospective‐ly analyzed .Results Totally 47 355 cases were carried HIV antibody screening during 7 years ,179 cases of HIV antibody were positive in preliminary screening ,171 cases were confirmed as positive .Among 5 cases of HIV antibodies result unconfirmed ,2 ca‐ses were followed up ,1 case was ruled out HIV infection ,1 case was converted to HIV antibody positive .People living with HIV al‐ways merging double or multiple infection with hepatitis b virus (HBV) ,hepatitis c virus (HCV) and treponema pallidum (TP) and so on .People living with HIV aged from 18 to 86 years old ,9 .36% was over 60 years old .Most patient has two or more clinical manifestations when consulted a doctor .Conclusion There were false‐positive of HIV antibody preliminary screening ,HIV anti‐body positive results must be confirmed by Western blot confirmatory test .Uncertainty of HIV antibody results should be judged by regularly follow‐up or combining with other detection methods ,epidemiological data .Routine HIV antibody screening should be adopt for HBV ,HCV and TP infection .Elder patients should not be ignored .Clinical specificity of HIV/AIDS is not strong ,it is need to be valued and identified from other cause similar symptoms of diseases caused by phase identification ,in order to reduce missed diagnosis and misdiagnosis .