The results of early resuscitation of 104 adult patients with BSA more than 50%were studied retrospectively. Although the mean amount of fluid replaced during 48h postburn was similar to the amount calculated with our formula, there existed significant individual differences. Therefore it seems not necessary to set up a rigid fluid replacement plan. To ensure adequate tissue perfusion, the fluid replacement formula might be modified as follows: 2 ml/kg/BSA%, with urinary output 30-40 ml/h, in the first 24h; and 1.5ml/kg/BSA%, with urinary output 40-50ml/h, in the second 24h. It should be emphasized that resuscitation should be started as early as possible,and adequate amount of fluid replacement is especially important during the first 2-3h postburn.There was no obvious relationship between the incidence of visceral complications and the total amount of fluid replaced during the resuscitation. Available data indicated that the amount of fluid calculated on the basis of our formula neither increased the incidence of early pulmonary edema nor influenced its development.As far as prevention of pulmonary edema was concerned, it did not seem justifiable to restrict the amount of resuscitation fluids. It was also noted that fluid therapy alone would not prevent entirely the development of postburn renal insufficiency.

Objective To investigate the effect of acetylcysteine on the inflammation and oxidative stress in elderly patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD).Methods Sixty patients with COPD were divided into two groups by random mechanical sampling method (30 cases each group).The control group was treated with conventional therapy and the treatment group added acetylcysteine for 8 weeks.The levels of tumor necrosis factor- t (TNF- α ),interleukin-6 (IL-6),interleukin -8 (IL-8),superoxide dismutase (SOD),malondialdehyde (MDA) were monitored and analyzed before and after treatment.Results The levels of SOD,MDA were (51.08 ± 7.80),(75.09 ± 8.03) μ U/L and (7.13 ± 0.89),(4.51 ±0.61 ) μ mol/L before and after treatment in the treatment group,and (52.12 ± 7.31 ),(65.16 ± 8.01 ) μ U/Land (7.11 ± 0.87),(6.21 ± 0.78 ) μ mol/L in the control group.There were significant differences before and after treatment in two groups (P＜0.01 or ＜0.05),and there were significant differences after treatment between two groups (P ＜ 0.05).The levels of IL-6,IL-8 and TNF- α were significant differences before and after treatment in the treatment group [ ( 18.25 ± 7.24) ng/L vs.(29.02 ± 6.70) Ng/L,( 115.28 ± 13.76 ) ng/Lvs.(148.99 ± 16.61) ng/L,(20.43 ±3.92) ng/L vs.(32.32 ± 8.18)ng/L] (P ＜0.05).But there was nosignificant difference before and aftertreatment in the control group [ (25.25 ± 7.55 )ng/L vs.(28.82 ± 7.54)ng/L,( 136.27 ± 12.97) ng/L vs.( 150.21 ± 17.52) ng/L,(28.43 ± 3.92) ng/L vs.(32.56 ± 8.78) ng/L] (P＞0.05),there were significant differences after treatment between two groups (P ＜0.05).Conclusions Acetylcysteine can inhibit inflammation and e hminate free radicals in plasma.Acetylcysteine has beneficial effects on COPD.

Objective To observe the effect of Qingrelifei decoction on hemorrheology and nail bed in patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Methods Sixty cases of COPD were divided into 2 groups randomly, the treatment group was 30 cases and the control was 30 cases. The control group was treated with oxygen therapy, bronchodilators, antibiotics, glucocorticosteroid therapy. The treatment group was given Qingrelifei decoction additionally. Indexes of hemorrhelolgy and nail fold microcirculation were detected before and after treatment. Results The whole blood viscosity, plasma viscosity and erythrocyte sedimentation rate decreased while hematocrit increased after medication, there were obvious differences in both groups (P

Objective To evaluate the significance of combined determination of glutamic acid decarboxylase antibodies(GADA),islet cell antibodies(ICA) and insulin autoantibodies (IAA) in predictive of type 1 diabetes mellitus Methods GADA, ICA and IAA were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and C peptide by radioimmunoassay Diagnose efficiency were calculated by matrix decision method Results The positive rate of GADA,ICA and IAA(68 8%,43 0% and 39 8%) were significantly elevated in the patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus compared with type 2 diabetes mellitus or normal subjects ( P

Objective To set up the clinical examination method for 1p loss of heterozygosity (LOH).Methods Genomic DNA was isolated from tumor tissue and peripheral blood in oligodendroglioma patients. Denaturing high performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) was used to examine the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) Results . 1p LOH was determined by the microsatellite sites.Results 1p LOH was identified by DHPLC Results .Conclusion DHPLC can clearly identify the 1p LOH with short time in oligodendroglioma patients.

BACKGROUND: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is mainly concerned with macrophage mobilizing function, as the upper stream cytokine of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), which may have critical effect in the process of the onset of rheumatoid arthritis. OBJECTIVE: To explore the correlations between the change of serum MIF and the activity of rheumatoid arthritis (RA) disease.DESIGN, TIME AND SETTING: Non-randomized control and case study, which was carried out in the Bethune International Peace Hospital of Chinese PLA from September in 2005 to October in 2006.PARTICIPANTS: Sixty RA patients were included in this study, and other thirty healthy subjects were selected as the control group. There were significant differences in age and sex between the two groups. METHODS: Clinical data of sixty RA patients were selected by carrying out retrospective analysis, then on the basis of disease activity score (DAS) accumulated points, they were divided into active and inactive group respectively, who were contrasted with 30 health adults. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: ① Morning stiffness (in minutes), joint tenderness index, arthrocele index, semi-quantity rheumatoid factor (RF), C-reactive protein concentration (CRP), erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR), and platelet count (PLT) were recorded; ② To compare the level of serum MIF, IL-1β and TNF-α among active group, inactive group, and control group; ③ The correlation analysis was carried out among the level of serum MIF, inflammatory index and clinical observation index.RESULTS: There was significantly increased in serum MIF of patients in the active group compared to of inactive and normal groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significantly differences between inactive and control groups (P > 0.05). There were significant correlations between the serum MIF concentration and active inflammatory index of RA disease, blood sedimentationrate (ESR), C-reactive protein (CRP), platelet counting (PLT), interleukin-1β (IL-1β), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), swell joint index (SJI) and tenderness joint, but no significant difference was observed between the serum MIF, age, disease course, morning stiffness and rheumatoid factor (RF).CONCLUSION: The serum MIF concentration is significantly increased in patients with RA, and it may be a useful parameter for monitoring disease activity of RA.

BACKGROUND:Finding of neural stem cells(NSCs)brings new hope for repairing central nervous system(CNS)injury.However,the influence of internal environment after brain injury on the survival and differentiation of NSCs is a complexand variable process.OBJECTIVE:To observe the survival and differentiation of human embryonic NSCs following implantation into rats with fluid percussion brain injury.DESIGN:Open experiment.SETTING:Department of Neurosurgery,Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine;Beijing Institute of Neurosurgery.MATERIALS:This experiment was carried out In the Laboratory of Neural Stem Cells,Beijing Institute of Neurosurgery from September 2002 to March 2003.Twenty-four female SD rats,aged 7 weeks,with body mass of(250±10)g,were provided by the Experimental Animal lnstitute, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences[License Nd. SCXK(Jing)2002-2003]. Cerebrum of 8-week aborted fetus was obtained (Informed consents were obtained from parturients and their relatives). Fetal survival was monitored by B ultrasonic wave during abortion. BrdU monoclonal antibody(Sigma Company),rabbit anti-nidogen polyclonal antibody(Chemicon Company),mouse anti-microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP-2)monoclonal antibody(Neomarkers Company),rabbit anti-gliaI fibrillary acidic protein(GFAP)polyclonal antibody (Biogenex Company).METHODS:① CerebraI cortex cells of 8-week aborted human fetus was harvested and cultured in vitro for obtaining human embryronic NSCs.②Rat models of hydraulic impact injury were developed.Bone window of motor sensory area of cerebral cortex was set at 2.5mm posterior to bregma which was zero point and 3.0 mm lateral to midline.Hydraulic impact injury parameters were set as impact pressure 0.3 MPa. impact time 25 ms and impact time once. ③BrdU-labeled human embryronic NSCs were implanted into injured area al 24 hours after injury.After 1 and 4 weeks.rats were sacrificed.Adjacent sections were doubly stained bv BrdU/MAP-2 and BrdU/GFAP.MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES:①Survival and immigration of implanted human embryonic NSCs.②Differentiation of implanted human embryonic NSCs.RESULTS:①BrdU-positive cells were oval and brown.At 1 and 4 weeks after implantation,BrdU-positive cells survived and migrated,and they migrated more widely at 4 weeks after implantation. ②At 1 week after implantation,more BrdU-positive cells were found in the subcortical granular layer and subcortex,and BrdU/MAP-2-positive cells were more than BrdU/GFAP-positive cells;At 4 weeks after implantation,BrdU-positive cells were significantly reduced,and found in choroid plexus and blood capillary,and BrdU/GFAP-positive cells were more than BrdU/MAP-2-positive cells.CONCLUSION:Implanted human embryonic NSCs can survive in the region of brain injury.gradually differentiate into astrocytes during rehabilitation and are easily digested by endothelial phagocytes.It indicates that immunological rejaction possibly influences the survival of human embryonic NSCs.

objective:To study the growth inhibition effect of 5azaC on human salivary gland cell line HSG. Methods:HSG cells were exposed to 5-azaC at 5?10~ -6 mol/L and 10?10~ -6 mol/L respectively for 3 days. The proliferation of in vitro cultured HSG cells was studied by cell counting. The in vivo growth of HSG cells was investigated by tumor weight measurement in nude mouse models of HSG tumor induced by transplantation of the cells subcutaneously.Results:5 azaC inhibited HSG cell proliferation by 85% and 95% respectively at above mentioned doses. In the 3-week tumor growth study, the growth of the tumor induced by 5?10~ -6 mol/L 5azaC treated cell was inhibited by 74.8%.Conclusion:5azaC can inhibit the growth of HSG cells in vitro and in vivo.

Objective To investigate the role of silent mating type information regulation 2 homologue 1(SIRT1) in renal ischemia-reperfusion(IR) injury and its effect on NF-κBp65-peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1 alpha (PGC-1α) signal pathway in mice.Methods Seventy-two healthy C57BL/6 male mice were randomly divided into four groups:control group(n=18),sham-operated group(n=18),IR group(n=18),resveratrol group(n=18).Bilateral renal pedicle were clamped for 45 min was adopted to establish the model of acute ischemic renal injury,to give 2％ dimethyl sulfoxide or resveratrol by intraperitoneal injection for 7 days before modeling.Determination techniques included routine biochemical methods for the the levels of Scr and BUN,spectrophotometry for the level of superoxide dismutase (SOD),HE staining for the histological changes as well as immunohistochemical method and Western blotting for the expressions of SIRT1,NF-κBp65 and PGC-1α,respectively.Results Compared with that in control and sham-operated groups,the levels of serum Scr and BUN were higher and SOD levels in renal tissues were lower at 12 h and 24 h after operation in IR groups(P ＜ 0.05).HE staining revealed evident pathological lesions including necrosis of renal tubular epithelial cells in IR group.Compared with that in IR group,resveratrol attenuated the above-mentioned changes.Western blotting revealed the up-regulated SIRT1 expression and the activated NF-κB signal pathway,the up-regulated p65 expression and the down-regulated PGC-1αexpression subsequent to IR(P ＜ 0.05).Both Western blotting and immunohistochemistry showed that the expressions of SIRT1 and PGC-1α in resveratrol group were up-regulated compared to that in IRgroup(P ＜ 0.05),while the NF-κBp65 expression in resveratrol group was down-regulated(P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions In mouse model of renal ischemia-reperfusion injury,the activation of SIRT1 can inhibit the NF-κBp65 expression and accordingly up-regulated PGC-1α level,contributing to inhibiting inflammatory reactions and attenuating oxidative stress-induced injury in the protection of the kidneys.