OBJECTIVE:To establish a bacterial endotoxin test for ofloxacin injection METHODS:Interference tests in ofloxacin injection were performed with limulus test agents provided by different factories RESULTS:Ofloxacin injection did not interfer with bacterial endotoxin CONCLUSION:Bacterial endotoxin test can take the place of pyrogen test for ofloxacin injection

Though Runx2 and Osterix are both key transcription factors in the pathway of osteoblast differentiation, whether Runx2 positively regulates Osterix being unknown. It was showed that Runx2 induced the gene expression of Osterix both in the non-osteoblastic cell lines, either pluripotent or differentiated, and in the osteoblastic cell lines. At the same time, the results also indicated that Runx2 up-regulated the activity of the 3.2 kb human Osterix promoter. Further experiments identified a highly conserved and functional Runx2 binding site "AGTGGTT" within the promoter. Thus the results support the hypothesis that Runx2 is involved in the regulation of the Osterix gene expression. Moreover, the transient transfection and dual-luciferase assay showed Osterix up-regulated the activity of the 2.3 kb type Ⅰ collagen promoter in the non-osteoblastic cells, but Runx2 did not. This difference implies that Osterix, the down stream transcription factor of Runx2 during osteoblast differentiation, is needed to stimulate the osteoblast-specific gene expression of type Ⅰ collagen.

Objective:To investigate the effect of using extended trans-dome onlay graft(eTDOG) made of costal cartilage combined with nasal vestibule V-Y advancement flap for correction of alar retraction.Methods:Clinical data of patients diagnosed with alar retraction at Chongqing Huamei Plastic Surgery Hospital between July 2019 and October 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The 6th or 7th right costal cartilage was harvested, cut into pieces for grafts, including a laminar trans-dome onlay graft, made from cortex part of the rib. Then a V-shaped flap was designed on the vestibular skin. At the end of the rhinoplasty, a pocket was created along the alar rim, and the eTDOG was inserted into the pocket to push down the alar rim. Nasal vestibule V-Y advancement flap provides extra soft tissue for alar retraction correction. Splints were applied to hold the eTDOG and flap in place. Assessment of therapeutic effect was made from three aspects. First of all, therapeutic satisfaction assessment, which was made based on the visual analogue scale(VAS). VAS scoring was conducted by patients and two surgeons who were not involved in surgery. Results were divided into three categories, total satisfaction with scoring 9 or 10, partly satisfaction with scoring 7 or 8, and dissatisfaction with scoring 0-6. Subsequently, the percentage of satisfaction indeed in the total number of cases was counted. Alar symmetry assessment was also included. The percentage of cases with alar symmetry in the total number of cases. Third, the ratio (a/b) of the distance between the line defined by bilateral highest points of alar retraction and the line determined by tip-defining points (a) to that between the line determined by bilateral highest points of alar retraction and the horizontal line defined by the turning point of columella lobule (b) was calculated on frontal view. The value of a and b was measured using Image J, and a/b<1 represented absence of alar retraction. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0. Chi-square test was used to compare the symmetry of alae pre- and post-operation. Values of a/b were expressed as Mean±SD, and was compared using t-test. SNK were used for comparison among and between groups of different types, respectively. P-value less than 0.05 considered to be statistically significant. Results:Forty-three cases were included in this study, including 5 men and 38 women, with mean age of 27.3 years (18-45 yars). Among them, medial, central and lateral type of alar retraction was comprised of 17, 22 and 4 cases, respectively. The median follow-up time was 4 months (range, 1-24 months). During the follow-up, no complications like avascular necrosis of ala, step like deformity or alar contracture were observed, so was the recurrence of alar retraction. A total of 5 complications were observed, including 4 cases of hypertrophic scar at the incision which were improved after injection of Triamcinolone and 1 case of remaining alar asymmetry which was corrected by reoperation. The VAS score of patient was 8.93±1.12, and patients with satisfaction indeed accounted for 81.4% (35/43). The mean VAS score of the two operation-non-participated surgeons was 8.93±1.04; and cases assessed to be satisfaction indeed accounted for 81.4% (70/86). The proportion of symmetric alae significantly improved from 58.1% (25/43) to 93.0% (40/43) ( P<0.01). The ratio of a/b decreased from 0.79±0.06 pre-operation to 1.00±0.04 post-operation( P<0.01). While no significance was found among groups neither pre- nor post-operation ( P>0.05). Conclusions:eTDOG made of costal cartilage combining nasal vestibule V-Y advancement flap is an effective method for correction of all types of alar retraction and improvement of alar symmetry, with high satisfaction of patients and surgeons.

Objective:To investigate the effect of using extended trans-dome onlay graft(eTDOG) made of costal cartilage combined with nasal vestibule V-Y advancement flap for correction of alar retraction.Methods:Clinical data of patients diagnosed with alar retraction at Chongqing Huamei Plastic Surgery Hospital between July 2019 and October 2020 were retrospectively analyzed. The 6th or 7th right costal cartilage was harvested, cut into pieces for grafts, including a laminar trans-dome onlay graft, made from cortex part of the rib. Then a V-shaped flap was designed on the vestibular skin. At the end of the rhinoplasty, a pocket was created along the alar rim, and the eTDOG was inserted into the pocket to push down the alar rim. Nasal vestibule V-Y advancement flap provides extra soft tissue for alar retraction correction. Splints were applied to hold the eTDOG and flap in place. Assessment of therapeutic effect was made from three aspects. First of all, therapeutic satisfaction assessment, which was made based on the visual analogue scale(VAS). VAS scoring was conducted by patients and two surgeons who were not involved in surgery. Results were divided into three categories, total satisfaction with scoring 9 or 10, partly satisfaction with scoring 7 or 8, and dissatisfaction with scoring 0-6. Subsequently, the percentage of satisfaction indeed in the total number of cases was counted. Alar symmetry assessment was also included. The percentage of cases with alar symmetry in the total number of cases. Third, the ratio (a/b) of the distance between the line defined by bilateral highest points of alar retraction and the line determined by tip-defining points (a) to that between the line determined by bilateral highest points of alar retraction and the horizontal line defined by the turning point of columella lobule (b) was calculated on frontal view. The value of a and b was measured using Image J, and a/b<1 represented absence of alar retraction. The statistical analysis was performed using SPSS version 20.0. Chi-square test was used to compare the symmetry of alae pre- and post-operation. Values of a/b were expressed as Mean±SD, and was compared using t-test. SNK were used for comparison among and between groups of different types, respectively. P-value less than 0.05 considered to be statistically significant. Results:Forty-three cases were included in this study, including 5 men and 38 women, with mean age of 27.3 years (18-45 yars). Among them, medial, central and lateral type of alar retraction was comprised of 17, 22 and 4 cases, respectively. The median follow-up time was 4 months (range, 1-24 months). During the follow-up, no complications like avascular necrosis of ala, step like deformity or alar contracture were observed, so was the recurrence of alar retraction. A total of 5 complications were observed, including 4 cases of hypertrophic scar at the incision which were improved after injection of Triamcinolone and 1 case of remaining alar asymmetry which was corrected by reoperation. The VAS score of patient was 8.93±1.12, and patients with satisfaction indeed accounted for 81.4% (35/43). The mean VAS score of the two operation-non-participated surgeons was 8.93±1.04; and cases assessed to be satisfaction indeed accounted for 81.4% (70/86). The proportion of symmetric alae significantly improved from 58.1% (25/43) to 93.0% (40/43) ( P<0.01). The ratio of a/b decreased from 0.79±0.06 pre-operation to 1.00±0.04 post-operation( P<0.01). While no significance was found among groups neither pre- nor post-operation ( P>0.05). Conclusions:eTDOG made of costal cartilage combining nasal vestibule V-Y advancement flap is an effective method for correction of all types of alar retraction and improvement of alar symmetry, with high satisfaction of patients and surgeons.