Animals ; Environment ; Female ; Male ; Maze Learning ; physiology ; Memory ; physiology ; Microarray Analysis ; Rats ; Rats, Sprague-Dawley ; Weaning

Sulfur fumigation was a traditional maintenance method for traditional Chinese medicines (TCMs). However , as people have paid more and more attentions on the sulfur dioxide residue in the sulfur fumigated TCMs , China has gradually decreased and banned the sulfur fumigation for TCMs . This study adopted organic elemental analysis for the determination of sulfur contents in multiple TCMs . Elemental analysis can give accu-rate results with little sample amount in a short time . Data analysis indicated that the sulfur content of 0.5% can be set as a criterion for the identification of sulfur fumigated TCMs. Sulfur content of ten unknown TCMs were determined by elemental analysis and identified whether the TCMs have been fumigated by sulfur. The devel-oped elemental analysis method can be used as a screening method for rapid identification of TCMs' quality.

Objective Inquire into the relationship between diabetic peripheral neuropathy(DPN)pathogenic factor and Antigangliosides antibody(Anti-GS-Ab)in type 2 diabetes mellitus. Methods It was examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays(ELISA)to the levels of serum Anti-gangliosides(Anti-GS)in 2 DM and DPN as well as healthy.Results The positive rate of Anti-GS-IgM,IgG in DPN group were 46.7% and 20.0%.repectivily it was obviously higher than normal group and 2 DM group.Conclusion The relationship between the DPN and Anti-GS-Ab is a close.It show that Anti-GS-Ab play an important role in DPN pathological process.

Background and purpose:Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) has both the advantages of T lympho-cytes’ powerful anti-tumor activity and NK cells’ tumor killing capacity without MHC restriction. It could directly kill tumor cells, regulate and enhance immune function, without damaging the structure and functions of the immune sys-tem. Its effects on the treatment of malignant solid tumors has been widely recognized. This study aimed to evaluate the anti-proliferation effects of CIK cells obtained and cultivated from lung cancer patients’ lymph nodes. Meanwhile, the safety of clinical transfusion was observed.Methods:The peripheral blood and lymph nodes of 6 surgery patients with lung cancer from Shanghai Chest Hospital were used to cultivate CIK cells for 14 days. The phenotypes of CIK cells were detected by lfow cytometry. The anti-proliferation activities of CIK cells on A549 lung cancer cells were detected by CCK8 assay. The morphological changes of CIK cells were observed by invert microscope. The expression of CEA level and adverse events were evaluated after CIK transfusion.Results:The proportion of CD3+CD56+T lymphocyte in two groups were both more than 30%. The CCK8 assay showed that the suppression rate of lymph nodes group was higher than that of peripheral blood group at each effect/target ratio(P<0.05). The adverse effect of CIK transfusion was mild and tolerable. The expression of CEA level decreased in patients.Conclusion:Lymph nodes of surgery patients with lung cancer can be used for cultivation of CIK cells. The anti-tumor activity of CIK isolated from lymph nodes is better than that of CIK cells cultivated from peripheral blood. Preclinical experiments showed high safety.

Objective To study the influence of herbal decoction Shuxin Yin(SXY)on platelet activation of rats and mice with a- cute myocardial ischemia in order to explain its possible mechanism for treating coronary heart disease.Methods The rat model with acute myocardial ischemia and the mice model with acute myocardial ischemia and reperfusion were established.The male SD rats and ICR mice,51 each,were randomized into 5 groups respectively:sham operation group,model group,low dose SXY group,high dose SXY group,ticlopidine groap.Made models and collected blood Sample after 30 days gastric infusion in succession.The flow cytome- try technique and the monoclonal antibody examination were adopted to test the mice platelet glycoprotein CD_(62)P;the radioim- munoassay was used to test rat platelet aggregation rate(PAR),fibrinogen(Fg),thromboxane B_2(TXB_2)and 6-keto-PGF_(1?) and their ratio.Results Shuxin Yin can,inhibit the high expression of CD_(62)P of mice with acute myocardial ischemia and reperfusion,and de- crease PAR,Fg and TXB_2/6-keto-PGF_(1?) of rats with acute myocardial isehemia.Compared with the effect of ticlopidine,the differ- ence was not significant.Conclusion Shuxin Yin could effectively inhibiting platelet activation in rats anel mice with acute myocardial ischemia,and its effect in preventing and treating coronary heart disease might be related to the inhibition of platelet activation.

Objective To evaluate the clinical safety and efficacy of HIFU treatment of hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer.Methods 20 tumor lesions in 14 patients with hepatic metastases from colonectal cancer were treated with HIFU therapy.The vital signs,main organs'functions,examination of MRI and complications were observed.Results Vital signs of all the 14 patients were stable.The function of liver and kidney were normal and life quality were improved with elevation of Karnofsky in 5 patients.On MRI examination,the MRI signals of treating area of 20 tumor lesion in 14 patients decreased remarkably with disappearance of blood supply and a thin layer of edematous intensified zone was detected on the margin of lesion.6 patients were found to have cord-like burning scar on skin.Conclusion HIFU treatment is safe and effective in treatment of hepatic metastases from colorectal cancer.

Background and purpose:Checkpiont targeted immunotherapy in the field of solid tumor therapy has huge potential, triggering a boom in the study of immune targeted drugs. A study has provided a basis for the follow-up study of ipilimumab combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of non-small cell lung cancer(NSCLC) patients. This study counted the adverse event statistics that ipilimumab or placebo combined with paclitaxel and carboplatin as first-line therapy for the treatment of stage Ⅳ or recurrent squamous cell carcinoma to evaluate the safety of ipilimumab combined with chemotherapy in the treatment of advanced squamous cell carcinoma.Methods:This study selected 13 patients with ECOG scores≤1 and stage ⅣA or ⅣB squamous cell carcinoma in the Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong Uni-versity. Randomized controlled double blind trial was used in this study. The patients of experimental group were treated with ipilimumab combined with paclitaxel and carboplatin, while the patients of control group were treated with the placebo combined with paclitaxel and carboplatin. Adverse events (AEs) were counted in the process of treatment.Results:The most common AEs were the 1/2 grade AEs. Immune-related AEs (irAEs) reported in the ipilimumab group included level Ⅰ of diarrhea and pruritus, level Ⅱ of rash and pruritus and level Ⅲ of hypophysitis.Conclusion:The side effects of ipilimumab were mild, tolerable and manageable.

Objective:To explore the effect of fortified human milk feeding on growth and complica-tions of infants with extremely and very low birth weight (ELBW/VLBW)during hospital stay by a pro-spective,random and controlled study.Methods:In the study,1 22 ELBW/VLBW infants were enrolled and divided into two groups.The infants fed with human breast milk,combined with human milk fortifi-cation (HMF)during hospital stay were named HMF group (n=62),and those fed exclusively with pre-mature formula were named premature formula feeding group (PF group,n=60 ).The data of the in-fants’growth (the velocity of increase on the weight,length,head circumference and upper arm circum-ference),the time of rebounding to birth weight,the time of needing intravenous nutrition,the time of hospitalizing,the proportion of extrauterine growth retardation (EUGR)during hospital stay,the level of hemoglobin,bone metabolism and incidence of complications were compared between the two groups. Results:Among the 1 22 infants included,(1 )the length increment in HMF group was higher than PF group [(0.89 ±0.23)cm/week vs.(0.79 ±0.34)cm/week,P=0.04];there were no significant differences in the weight gain,head circumference increment and upper arm circumference increment (P>0.05);(2)the age of rebounding to birth weight [(1 0.1 3 ±4.03)d vs.(8.03 ±3.28)d,P=0.002]and the duration of intravenous nutrition [(1 6.77 ±6.63)d vs.(1 4.23 ±4.1 5)d,P=0.01 ] in HMF group were longer than that in PF group,there were no significant differences between the two groups in the hospital stay and age achieved feeding;(3 )there were no significant differences between the two groups in the incidence rate of EUGR during hospital stay (P>0.05);(4)the level of calcium at birth in HMF group was lower than that in PF group [(2.1 9 ±0.22)mmol/L vs.(2.32 ±0.27) mmol/L,P=0.005 ],and the level of alkaline phosphatase (AKP)in HMF group at discharge was higher than in PF group [(363.98 ±1 22.49)mmol/L vs.(299.73 ±1 1 7.39)mmol/L,P=0.004];(5)the incidence of the feeding intolerance (6.5% vs.1 8.3%,P=0.04)and sepsis (4.8% vs. 1 6.7%,P=0.03)in HMF group were less than in PF group,there were no significant differences be-tween the two groups on the morbidity of necrotizing enterocditis,retinopathy of prematurity (ROP),and bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD)(P>0.05).Conclusion:HMF for premature infants may ensure the same growth pattern as those fed by premature formula,promote the calcium absorption,decrease the inci-dence of sepsis and feeding intolerance,and does not increase the incidence of necrotizing enterocolitis.

Objective:To analyze the time consumption in the review of multicenter clinical trials and to explore the methods of improving the approval efficiency.Methods:We retrospectively analyzed 246 multicenter clinical trials approved by our hospital from 2012.Group A were trials that our hospital was the leading site while group B were those not.In group B,trials were divided into group B1 (conference review) and B2 (expeditedreview)according to the ethical review methods.Each group's ethical review time,contract signature time,starting experiment time,the total time consumption of review,and the time from the leading site approving to the participating site submitting application were analyzed.Results:In the review of multicenter clinical trials,contract signature cost the most time,accounting for 41％.There was no significant difference in terms of whether to be the leading site.The total time consumption of group B1 and group B2 was 180.94 days and 140.36 days (P ＜0.05),respec tively.The average ethical review time of group B1 was about 20 days longer than group B2 (P ＜ 0.01).There were 96.54 days that the leading site submitted review materials to the participating site after approved.Conclusions:In multicenter clinical trials,for those the leading site has already approved,immediate submission to participating site and choosing the expedited review method may improve the ethical review efficiency,thereby shorten the total approval time consumption.

This study aimed to explore the mechanism of volatile oil from purslane in treating itch induced by eczema through establishing the itch model,stimulating the keratinocyte with capsaicine (CAP).SD rats were divided into the control group,the model group,the high dose group of volatile oil from purslane,and low dose group of volatile oil from purslane.After finishing the experiment,the morphology of keratinocytes was observed by immunofluorescence technique,while Ca2+ concentration was detected by flow cytometry,and the contents of leukotriene A4 methyl ester (LTA4),interleukin-31 (IL-31) and hydroxy trptamine H1 (HTH1) were quantified by ELISA assay.The expression of TRPV1 mRNA in keratinocytes was tested by RT-PCR,while the protein level of TRPV1 was quantified by western blot.Compared with the model group,it was found that the cell count of positive keratinocytes,the Ca2+ concentration,the levels of LTA4,IL-31 and HTH1,and the mRNA and protein expressions of TRPV1 in the high dose and low dose groups were significantly decreased (P ＜ 0.05).In conclusion,it was demonstrated that the volatile oil from purslane may relieve itch through inhibiting the activation of TRPV1 and reducing secondary inflammatory reaction.