Anti-Asthmatic Agents ; therapeutic use ; Asthma ; drug therapy ; physiopathology ; Chronic Disease ; Humans ; Long-Term Care ; Lung ; physiopathology ; Respiratory Function Tests ; Severity of Illness Index ; Treatment Outcome

ObjectiveTo study the effect of of oral powered microdedrider adenoidectomy with nasal endoscope in children with secretory otitis media. Methods74 children with secrctory otitis media treated with adenoidectomy with nasal endoscope randomly divided into group A 37 cases and group B 37 cases,the group A were treated with trans-oral adenoidectomy under endoscope, the group B were treated with trans-nasal adenoidectomy under endoscope,then the total effective rate,operation time, blood loss,incidence of complications and serum IgE, NO, IL-6,TNF-αand IL-2 of the two groups before and after the treatment were compared. ResultsThe cure, effective, and ineffective of group A were 34 cases ,3cases and 0 cases ,the total effective rate was 100.0％, the cure, effective,and ineffective of group B were 26 cases,7 cases and 4 cases,the total effective rate was 89.2％ ,the total effective rate of group A was significantly higher than that of group B( x2 =6. 869 ,P ＜0.05 ) ,the operation time of group A was( 8.6± 1.6) min, blood loss was( 12.3 ± 4. 1 ) ml, incidence of complications was 2.7％ ( 1 case postoperative hemorrhage), operation time of group B was ( 14.2 ± 2.1 ) min, blood loss was( 17.8 ± 3.5 ) ml, incidence of complications was 10.8％ (2 cases nasal adhesion and 2 cases postoperative hemorrhage) ,there were significant differences between the two groups ( t =5. 967,6.553, x2 =7. 142, all P ＜ 0.05 ), serum IgE, NO, IL-6,TNF-αand IL-2of the group A after the treatment were all lower than those of group B, ( t =5. 557,6. 348,5. 968,6. 976,5. 884, all P ＜ 0. 05 ).ConclusionThe effect of oral powered microdedrider adenoidectomy with nasal endoscope in children with secretory otitis media better,and it was worthy of popularization and application.

ObjectiveTo study the relationship between human papilloma virus(HPV) infections,p53 polymorphisms and esophageal cancer.MethodsA case-control study of 204 esophageal cancer cases (esophageal cancer group) and 102 healthy control cases (control group) biopsies were conducted to extract DNA,detected the HPV by PCR method and analyzed p53 polymorphisms by PCR-RFLP method,then analyzed the relationship between them and esophageal cancer incidence rate.ResultsThe positive rate of HPV16 in esophageal cancer group[59.3％(121/204)] was higher than that in control group [11.8％ ( 12/102 ) ] (P ＜ 0.05 ).And the frequency of Arg/Arg genttype of p53 in esophageal cancer group [ 51.5％ (105/204) ] was higher than that in control group [ 19.6％ (20/102) ] (P ＜ 0.05 ).The frequency of Arg/Arg genotypo in HPV16 positive patients [66.9％(81/121 )] was higher than that in HPV16 negative patients [ 28.9％ (24/83)] (P ＜ 0.05).ConclusionsHigh risk HPV phys an important role in development of esophageal cancer,p53 Arg/Arg genotype is one of high risk genetic factors for HPV-associated esophageal cancer.

Small cell lung cancer(SCLC)is regarded as one of the most chemotherapy and radiotherapy sensitive malignant solid tumors.With regimens based on platinum-etoposide,which is still the standard of first-line treatment in extensive-stage SCLC,objective responses are seen in 50% to 70% of cases.With combined chemoradiotherapy,the probability of attaining a complete response increases to 40% to 50%.The majority of patients with SCLC will eventually develop a tumor relapse.For the patients with relapse,so far only single-agent topotecan represents a most effective therapeutic option.Integration of chest radiotherapy with standard chemotherapy,optimization of timing and fractionation of radiation therapy,and the introduction of prophylactic cranial radiation have led to an obvious improvement in 3-year survival.

AIM: To study the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) in human bronchial epithelial cell treated with TNF-?, ConA and mechanical injury. METHODS: RT-PCR and gelatin zymography were performed to observe the dynamic expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9(MMP-9) in human bronchial epithelial cell line H292 at different timepoint(2 h, 6 h,12 h, 24 h) after stimulation with TNF-?, ConA and mechanical injury. RESULTS: Human bronchial epithelial cell H292 expressed and secreted matrix metalloproteinase-9 in the presence of TNF-?, ConA and mechanical injury. On stimulation with mechanical injury alone, MMP-9 was initially expressed at 2 h, peaked at 12 h, and decreased at 24 h. Furthermore, on stimulation with combination of ConA and mechanical injury, the MMP-9 mRNA expression was the highest among in all the groups. Zymography show that the MMP-9 activity appeared just at 24 h timepoint, and was highest at the group of combination of ConA and mechanical injury. CONCLUTION: Human bronchial epithelial cell expressed and secreted MMP-9 when treated with TNF-?, ConA and mechanical injury.

Objective To investigate the in vitro effect of low dosage of paclitaxel on normal murine bone marrow-derived dendritic cells(mDCs)and its role in reactivating tumor-pulsed DCs. Methods The concentration of paclitaxel which could induce 30% apoptosis of 3LL cell lines was figured out.mDCs were generated from murine bone marrow precursors.Cell culture insert system was used and four groups were divided as following: mDC,mDC+3LL,mDC+ low dose of paclitaxel,and mDC+3LL with 30% apoptosis induced by low dose of paclitaxel.The phenotypes,chemoattractive function to MIP1? and MIP-3?,and viability in activating allogeneic T cell proliferation of DCs in the four groups were analysed. Results Paclitaxel of 50 nmol/L could induce 30% apoptosis of 3LL,and had protective effects on DCs.It could stimulate the maturation of mDCs by up-regulating the phenotypes of CD11cCD80,CD11cCD86,CD11cCD40 and CD11cCDIab,and could enhance the chemoattractive function to chemokine MIP-3?.Compared with those cocultured with 3LL,DCs pulsed with apoptosis antigen of 3LL cell which was induced by 50 nmol/L paclitaxl up-regulated the phenotype of CD11cCD40,enhanced the the chemoattractive function to MIP1? and MIP-3?,and activated the proliferation of T cells. Conclusion Paclitaxel of 50 nmol/L can stimulate the maturation of DC,and can partially recover the phenotype and function of tumor-pulsed DC.

OBJECTIVE: To establish a population pharmacokinetic model of intravenous infusing busulfan in HSCT patients, and to explore physiological and pathological factors which may influence the pharmacokinetic parameters. METHODS: We have collected clinical history information of 35 patients undergoing HSCT surgery and taking busulfan intravenous infusion for treatment. These information such as physiological and pathological factors and busulfan concentration data were used to perform the population pharmacokinetic analysis by applying the method of nonlinear mixed effects modeling(NONMEM). RESULTS: A statistical model of busulfan is established, including variables such as body weight, sex, serum creatinine clearance. The success of 973 out of 1 000 times resampling trials (by bootstrap) shows that the newly parameters value are very close to the estimate value calculated from the final model by NONMEM, which demonstrates the established population pharmacokinetic model of busulfanis stable, effective and predictable. CONCLUSION: The population pharmacokinetic model is established, which is capable of depicting the pharmacokinetic characteristics of busulfan. It is found that patients' weight, gender and creatinine clearance influence pharmacokinetic parameters, which can be useful and valuable for the clinical individualized dosing regimens.

Objective In this paper,we aimed at discussing the impacts of follow-up nursing on treatment compliance and lung function of patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease(COPD)during the rehabilitation period after discharge.Methods COPD patients(68 cases)were divided randomly into the intervention group and the control group with 34 cases in each group.We gave the intervention group follow-up nursins during the ensuing 6 months after discharge to give them guidance on health problems in order to promote the treatment compliance of patients.On the contrary,the control group did not take any follow-up nursing.Six months later,we conducted an evaluation of the tmalment compliance and amelioration of lung function in the t wo groups.Results As a result,six months after discharge,the patients'treatment compliance status and lung-function indicators in the intervention group were significantly better than those of the control group(P＜0.01).Conclusions The follow-up nursingcan promote the COPD patients'treatment compliance status and amelioration of lung function during the rehabilitation period.

Objectives To detemline whether apoptotic cell death is involved in rat cardiac allograft rejection and investigate the relevance of apoptosis with acute rejection and its implication.Methods Groups of Wistar rats underwent heterotopic heart transplantation from allogeneic SD or syngeneic Wistar rats.The cardiac grafts were harvested at 1,3,5,or 7 days after transplantation and underwent the detection of apoptotic cell death using in situ terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxyuridine triphosphate nick end labeling(TUNEL).Histopathological rejeclion grade and apoptotic index(AI)were analyzed.Results The incidence of apoptotic cells was increased steadily over time in allografts,in contrast to syngeneic grafts.The apoptotic cells in allografts were mainly cardiac myocytes and few infiltrating lymphocytes.The AI of rejection grade 1,2,3 and 4 was significantly higher than that of rejection grade 0(P<0.01).Conclusions TUNEL can display apoptosis of single cell in situ.Apoptosis is an important mechanism of tissue injury in acute cardiac allograft rejection in rats.Myocyte apoptosis can be used as a valuable index to estimate the injury of grafts and monitor acute rejection.

Objective To investigate the potential role of respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) in wheezing episode in children, and to assess the association of the thromboxane A2 receptor gene (TBXA2R) T924C polymorphism with wheezing after RSV infection. Methods From may to december in 2008, one hundred and twenty-five asthmatic children who were suffering from acute episode were recruited as cases and 49 healthy children as controls in our Polymerase chain reactions-Restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RELP) techniques were used to detect the TBXA2R SNP. RSV IgM and IgG were measured by ELISA. Results RSV specific antibody was positive in 57 asthmatic patients (45.6% ,57/125) and 8 controls (16.33% ,8/49) ,with significant difference between the two groups ( χ2 = 12. 890, P = 0. age asthmatic group and 76. 92% (30/39) in the <3 years of age asthmatic group, with significant difference between the two groups (χ2 = 22. 420, P = 0. 000 ). The genotypes distribution in the asthmatic patients was significantly different from that in the controls(χ2 = 5. 346, P = 0. 021). The frequency of TC and CC genotypes in the cases was significantly higher than that in the control group. The allele frequencies of T and C allele were similar in the two groups ( χ2 =2.660, P=0.103). Conclusions RSV infection was one of the factors that associated with asthma acute episode, especially in children younger than 3 years. The TC,CC genotypes increase the chance of wheezing in children infected by RSV.