Taking into account the near infrared spectra(NIR) on numerous predictor variables with serious collinearity and having nonlinear quantitative relationship with the chemical compositions, a novel nonlinear partial least squares(PLS) approach, termed as Spline-PPLS, was constructed by combining the penalized partial least squares(PPLS) regression with B-splines transformation. Firstly, the observed spectral predictors were considered as discrete observations of curves of the wavelength and were nonlinearly transformed using B-spline basis functions. The choice of the degree of the polynomial pieces and of the number of knots was performed using the cross-validation strategy. Then, the PPLS algorithm was performed on the high dimensional transformed data matrix to build the calibration model by imposing a penalty term to the optimization criterion of PLS. The roughness penalty term indeed controlled the curvature of the functions and its smoothing parameter could also be obtained by the cross-validation. Finally, the proposed Spline-PPLS approach was applied to the wheat NIR diffuse reflectance spectra reconstruction and quantitative analysis. The result indicates that the Spline-PPLS approach not only can yield high accuracy reconstructing spectrum, but also improves the model prediction accuracy in the case of nonlinear relationships.

Burns ; therapy ; Fluid Therapy ; Humans

Objective To study the current clinical application and advancement of microbioecological preparation.Methods Literatures about microbioecological preparation published in China and abroad were collected and reviewed.Results The microbioecological preparation has been widely used at present.It is used to rebuild a balanced microbial population in human body,particularly in intestinal,to promote the stability of internal environment,control dysbacteriosis and to treat a variety of gastrointestinal diseases associated with ectopic microbial population.Conclusion Although microbioecological preparation has been widely used in clinical settings,its effect yet should be further supported and evaluated both by large sample research in randomized double-blind control trails and evidence-based medicine.

Objective To compare the effect and safety of totally transumbilical single -port laparoscopic herniorrhaphy and traditional surgery in treatment with pediatric indirect inguinal hernia.Methods 100 children with indirect inguinal hernia were divided into control group(n =50)and observation group(n =50).The control group was given to traditional surgery.The observation group was given to totally transumbilical single -port laparoscopic herniorrhaphy.The operation related index,postoperative complications and hernia recurrence rate were compared between the two groups.Results The intraoperatve bleeding,incision length,operation time and hospital stays of the observation group respectively were (18.1 ±5.9)mL,(1.3 ±0.3)cm,(27.4 ±7.9)min and (4.5 ±1.2)d,those of the control group respectively were (38.7 ±8.1)mL,(2.2 ±0.4)cm,(46.7 ±9.2)min and (7.4 ±1.3)d,the difference was statistically significant (t =3.439,3.811,2.872,2.878,P =0.026,0.019,0.045,0.049).The postoperative complications rate of observation the group and the control group were respectively 8.0%(4 /50)and 24.0%(12 /50),the difference was statistically significant(χ2 =4.762,P =0.029).Postoperative follow -up of 1 year,the hernia recurrence rate of the observation group and the control group respectively was 0(0 /50)and 12%(6 /50),the difference was statistically significant (χ2 =6.383,P =0.012).Conclusion Using totally transumbili-cal single -port laparoscopic herniorrhaphy treat with pediatric indirect inguinal hernia is safe and effective.It is ben-eficial to prevent recurrence,and is worth clinical promotion.

0.05), but the difference between indexes of control subjects (N) and patients (S and P) was significant ( P

Male Wistar rats were performed 70% partial hepatectomy (PH) or 1.5mg/g body weight D-galactosamine injection (Gal) intraperitoneally. From the 1st to the 7th day after treatment, the serum concentration of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and albumin (ALB) was measured and the liver sections were stained with routine and immunohistochemical methods and observed with light and electron microscopy. The mitotic index (MI) reached a maximum level (1.5%) on the 2nd day after PH, while the Gal group showed a lower (0.8%) and delayed (on the 3rd day) MI peak. On the 2nd and 3rd day after PH, AFP positive hepatocytes were predominantly observed in the periportal area and ALB positive cells mainly distributed around the central veins. In Gal group, AFP was detected both in hepatocytes near the necrotic areas and particularly in some special small cells which had not been seen in PH group. These small cells seemed to be able to transform into typical hepatocytes. Intracellular localization of AFP and ALB was observed in the perinuclear space, RER, and Golgi complex. Serum AFP and ALB levels in both groups presented reciprocal changes from the 1st to the 7th day after treatment.

Objective To study the feasibility and the efficacy of total extraperitoneal repair (TEP) under two laparoscopes.Methods Clinical data of 51 patients with inguinal hernia who underwent TEP under two laparoscopes from July 2015 to March 2016 in our hospital were analyzed retrospectively.During TEP,we added a 5-mm laparoscope for monitoring and exploration in the abdominal cavity.Results All the operations of TEP under two laparoscopes were successful.The operation time lasted 42-176 min with a mean of (74 ±27) min.The intraoperative blood loss was 5-30 ml with a mean of (12.8 ±5.9) ml.The length of postoperative hospital stay was 2-7 days with a mean of (4.0 ± 1.1) days.The percentage of postoperative complications was 11.8％ (6/51),including inguinal area seroma which accounted for 2.0％ (1/51),inguinal region pain accounting for 3.9％ (2/51),and postoperative urinary retention for 5.9％ (3/51).No infection was found.The follow-up period ranged from 3 to 11 months (mean,7 months),no recurrence was observed during this period.Conclusions TEP under two laparoscopes can treat inguinal hernia precisely.It is also helpful to find compound inguinal hernia and occult inguinal hernia.

Objective To improve the urethroplasty efficacy for female urethral obliteration by the use of 2 pedunculated flaps of the lip of pudenda. Methods 2 cases of female urethral obliteration were treated with the use of 2 pedunculated flaps of lip of pudenda to repair the urethral obliteration. Results Both the patients could pass urine freely and needed no dilation of the urethra during the 15 and 36 months of follow up.The maximum flow rate were 18.2 ml/s、17.7 ml/s,the average flow rate were 9.0 ml/s、 10.9 ml/s and the voiding volume were 206 ml、247 ml. Conclusions Urethroplasty with the use of pedunculated flaps of lip of pudenda is a safe and effective procedure.

Clinical diagnosis and treatment of constipation lags behind relatively with unsatisfactory efficacy. Pathogeneses and molecular mechanisms for different types of constipation are waiting to be further clarified. New biomarkers and therapeutic targets for clinical diagnosis of constipation are so urgent. As for current problems in diagnosis and treatment of constipation, it is necessary to use the concept of translational medicine to break existing imprisonment of thinking, and find out new thinking ways of research methods, diagnosis and treatment approaches, thereby improving diagnosis and treatment levels.
Constipation ; diagnosis ; therapy ; Humans ; Translational Medical Research

Objective To establish a calcification mode in vitro of human vascular smooth muscle cells (HVSMCs) induced by β-GP. Methods Primary HVSMCs were obtained from human embryo by plant method and confirmed by stain with α-sm-actin antibody. The cells after 4-6 passages were divided into two groups.The control group was incubated with normal DMEM medium while the calcification group was incubated with the medium containing 10 mmol/L β-glycerophosphate for 10 days.Calcification was confirmed by alizarin red S stain and alkaline phosphatase(ALP) assays. Results The primary cells observed by S-P stain were positive and the cells after being stained were pale yellow. After being induced with β-GP, the cells of calcification group began concentric growth and formed vesicles. Alizarin red S staining showed that the reaction of calcifying nodules was red,ALP activity was higher than that of controls at various time points(4 d,6 d,8 d and 10 d,P＜0.01 ).Conclusion The HVSMCs could be induced into calcification in vitro by β-GP, and this model contribates to further studies of vascular diseases.