Based on personal experience and reports from this country,Japan and the United Slates,the au- thor discussed the indications,the surgical instru- ments and the technical aspects of radial keratotomy for the treatment of myopia.The prevention and management of complications were also touched up- on.

Objective To investigate the melanocyte lymphocyte reacion when the allogeneic lymphocytes are cultured with normal melanocytes. Methods 3H-thymidine was incorporated into the mixed culture and the transformation and proliferation rates of lymphocytes were detected by liquid scintillation counting and expressed as cpm. Electron microscopy was used to observe the ultrastructure of melanocytes after mixed culture. Results The results of lymphocyte proliferation were expressed by the stimulation indexes. The stimulation indexes in active vitiligo group was significantly different from that in stable vitiligo group and normal controls. The stimulation indexes of the melanocyte stimulated group was significantly different from that of ConA stimulated group. In the mixed melanocyte lymphocyte reaction, the allogeneic lymphocytes had little effect on the melanocytes. The ultrastructure of the melanocytes in the mixed culture showed normal morphology and normal function of synthesis of melanin. Conclusion As a specific antigen in mixed melanocyte lymphocyte reaction, melanocyte has a weak effect on the lymphocytes. The melanocytes from stable stage vitiligo patients seem more suitble to be allografted.

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Objective To explore the effects of berberine(BBR)on the prevention of left ventricular remodeling after acute myocardial infarction(AMI)in New Zealand rabbits.Methods AMI were conducted by ligating left coronary artery in female New Zealand rabbits.Five days after the procedure,the 28 survival rabbits were randomized into the controls(n=14)or BBR treatment group [n=14,BBR 8 mg/(kg?d)iv.].Hemodynamic studies were performed 4 weeks after the completion of treatment.Pathology study of the rabbits hearts was carried ont and matrix metalloproteinases(MMPs)2 and 9 were detected by immunohistochemical analysis in the non-infarct myocardium.Results Compared with the control group,left ventricular relative weight(LVRW)and LV end diastolic pressure(LVEDP)were decreased in the treatment group 4 weeks after BBR intervention(1.55?0.12 vs 1.69?0.13,P

ObjectiveTo observe the effect of cluster needling of scalp acupuncture combined with rehabilitation(Tang's Approach) on interleukin-4 (IL-4), T lymphocyte subsets of immunosuppressive model rat.Methods40 healthy SD rats (male, 200～250 g) was divided into 5 groups randomly: normal group (NG), model group (MG), acupuncture group(AG), rehabilitation group(RG), and acupuncture with rehabilitation group(ARG), 8 rats in each group. Each group was treated by acupuncture or rehabilitation except the model or normal group, once a day for 10 d. Radioimmunoassay and malondialdehydein (MDA) technique were used to test the contents of IL-4 and T lymphocyte subsets in each group. ResultsThe contents of IL-4 of immunosuppressive rats can decrease significantly in RG and ARG (P＜0.05). The level of CD4+ T lymphocyte increased more significantly in AG and RAG than in MG after the treatment (P＜0.01). ConclusionTang's Approach can decrease the contents of IL-4 and improve the level of CD4+ T lymphocyte in rats.

Objective To investigate the effect of Toll-like receptor 2(TLR2)on the proliferation of human keratinocytes.Methods Keratinocytes were isolated from the foreskin of children,and subjected to primary culture.Atier 3-5 passages.the kemtinocytes were incubated with various concentrations of peptidoglycan(PGN).a TLR2 agonist.Cell proliferation was detected by MTT colorimetric assay and the suitable concentrations of PGN were determined.The mRNA and protein expressions of Ki67.TLR2.NF-kB p65 and TGF-α were detected by real-time quantitative PCR and Western blot.respectively,in keratinocytes treated witll PGN of 0,1.25,2.5 and 5 μg/mL.Antibody blocking test was utilized to evaluate the effect of blocking TLR2 with specific anti-TLR2 neutralizing monoclonal antibody before incubation with PGN on the expressions of Ki67,TLR2,NF-KB p65 and TGF-α by keratinocytes.Results The proliferation of kemtinocytes was significantly promoted by the incubation with PGN of 1.25,2.5 and 5μg/mL for 24 hours (all P＜0.05),which also increased the expression of Ki67 protein,TLR2 mRNA and protein,and NF-KB p65 protein.Further more,the mRNA expression of Ki67 in keratinocytes was elevated bv PGN of 1.25 and 2.5μg/mL,the mRNA expression of NF-KB p65 elevated by PGN of 1.25μg/mL,and the expressions of TGF-αprotein and mRNA elevated by PGN of 1.25 and 5μg/mL (P＜0.05).The mRNA and protein expressions of Ki67,TLR2,NF-kB p65 and TGF-αwere all inhibited by the blocking of TLR2 before incubation with PGN (a11 P＜0.05).Conclusion Activation of TLR2 bv PGN could induce the over-proliferation of human keratinocytes,likely through promoting NF-rB activation and TGF-α expression.

OBJECTIVE: Adopting methods of cell culture to explore the effects and mechanisms of Jianpi Bushen Huoxue Prescription (JPBSHXP), a traditional Chinese compound herbal medicine for strengthening spleen, reinforcing kidney and activating blood circulation, in inhibiting hematopoietic cells apoptosis in a mouse model of aplastic anemia (AA). METHODS: Blood serum of AA mice was made from an AA mouse model. Blood serums containing different traditional Chinese compound herbal medicine were made from rats after intragastric administration of JPBSHXP and its related decoctions, respectively. Bone marrow cells of normal mice were incubated by these blood serums for 24 hours, respectively. The apoptosis of the bone marrow cells were assayed by flow cytometry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). RESULTS: It was indicated that the bone marrow cells of normal mice incubated with blood serum of AA mice displayed typical apoptosis. The apoptosis rates of bone marrow cells of the AA mice incubated by blood serum containing different traditional Chinese herbal medicine were decreased. The effect of Bushen (reinforcing kidey) Recipe was better than Jianpi (strengthening spleen) Recipe and Huoxue (activating blood circulation) Recipe, while the effect of JPBSHXP was the best. TEM results showed that the effect of Bushen Recipe was better than that of the Jianpi Recipe and the Huoxue Recipe, while the effect of JPBSHXP was the best. CONCLUSION: JPBSHXP and its related decoctions can significantly decrease the apoptosis rate of bone marrow mononuclear cells of the AA mice. It is inferred that JPBSHXP can promote bone marrow hematogenesis.

Objective To investigate the effect of calcipotriol on melanin synthesis by human melanocytes and its possible action mechanism.Methods Primary melanocytes were cultured with various concentrations(10~(-5),10~(-6),10~(-7),10~(-8),10~(-9),10~(-10) mol/L)of calcipotriol for 24 or 48 hours.Subsequently,MTT assay,NaoH assay.Dopa-oxidase assay,Western blot and semiquantitative RT-PCR were used to measure the cell proliferation of,melanin synthesis by.tyrosinase activity,protein and mRNA expression levels in the melanocytes.respectively.Those untreated melanocytes served as the control.Results The calcipotriol between 10~(-9) and 10~(-5) mol/L had no significant effect on the proliferation of cultured melanocytes(P＞0.05).while that of 10~(-9) and 10~(-8) mol/L increased tyrosinase activity by 137%and 123%,and enhanced melanin synthesis by 40.63%and 18.75%,respectively,compamd with untreated melanocytes(both P＜0.05).Moreover,the tyrosinase protein level increased by 270.4%(P＜0.05)in melanocytes treated with calcipotriol at 10~(-9) mol/L for 24 hours.The strongest tyrosinase activity and melanin synthesis was observed in melanocytes treated with calcipotriol of 10~(-9) moI/L.Conclusions The proliferation of melanocytes is unaffected by calcipotriol at 10~(-9) to 10~(-5) mol/L,but it can elevate the expression of tyrosinase protein,enhance tyrosinase activity,and promote melanin synthesis in melanocytes.

Objective To investigate the clinical effect of early rehabilitation treatment on patients with severe traumatic brain injury (sTBI).Methods Forty sTBI patients were divided into treatment group (n =20) and control group (n =20) according to the random number table.Conventional treatment was performed on all patients including dehydration to decrease intracranial pressure,hemorrhage control,neurotrophic treatment,antiinflammation therapy,and gastric acid control.In addition to these interventions,patients in treatment group received hyperbaric oxygen treatment,median nerve stimulation,fastigial nucleus stimulation,and bedside motor therapy in the early period.Intracranial pressure and partial pressure of brain tissue oxygen (PbtO2) were continuously monitored during the process of treatment.GCS was measured before and 15 days after treatment and single-photon emission computed tomography (SPE-CT) was used to evaluate cerebral perfusion.Results There was no statistical difference between the two groups with respect to GCS in advance of treatment (P ＞ 0.05),but GCS differed between treatment group and control group after treatment [(10.18 ± 3.75) points vs (8.33 ±2.36) points,P ＜0.05],with substantial improvement in treatment group.Significantly improved cerebral perfusion was seen in treatment group.On day 5 after treatment,intracranial pressure in treatment group lowered significantly compared with that in control group (P ＜ 0.05).On day 6 after treatment,PbtO2 was significantly higher in treatment group than in control group (P ＜ 0.05).Conclusion Early rehabilitation treatment leads to improved outcome and acts a positive effect on nerve function recovery.

PURPOSE Expression of Rb and p53 gene in gastric carcinomas and its relationship to prognosis as well as clinico pathology were investigated.METHODS Expression of Rb and p53 products and p53 gene mutation in gastric carcinomas were analysed by means of immunohistochemistry and in situ hybridazation.RESULTS p53 gene mutation was found in 6/20(30%).Over expression of Rb and p53 products was found in 62/85(72.94%) and 42/85(49.41%).Both the positive grades showed significant inverse correlation with patient survival( P