OBJECTIVE:To study the improvement of Zea mays extract on cholestatic liver diseases.METHODS: Acute cholestatic liver injury model of rat was induced by bile duct ligation and cholestatic liver model of rats was established by ANIT.Model rats were given 6.2 g?kg-1 and 3.1 g?kg-1 dose of Z.mays extract for 5 days.The content of TBIL,DBIL,ALT,AST and TBA in serum and the secretion of bile were determined.RESULTS: The corn stigma extract decreased the content of DBIL,ALT and TBA in serum of ANIT-inducing cholestatic liver model,and increased the flow and speed of bile (P

Objective:To establish a method for the determination of chloramphenicol residue in Wuji Baifeng pills by liquid chro -matography tandem mass spectrometry with normal solid-phase extraction .Methods:A normal solid-phase extraction column was used for the sample pretreatment and enrichment , and high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry was used to deter-mine chloramphenicol residue in Wuji Baifeng pills .The analysis was performed on an Agilent-ODS C18 (250 mm ×4.6 mm,5 μm) column .The mobile phase was composed of methanol and water with gradient elution at 40℃ (0-7 min, 30% methanol;7-15 min, 30%-80%methanol;15-25 min, 80%-30%methanol).The flow rate was 1.0 ml· min-1 , and the quantitation ion was m/z 152.1 (the negative ionization) under the mode of multiple reaction monitoring .Results:The limit of detection was 0.016 ng.The calibra-tion curves were linear within the range of 0.187-3.749 ng.The method recovery was 94.3% with RSD of 3.19%(n=9).Conclu-sion:The method is simple with accurate results .It is suitable for the determination of chloramphenicol residue .

Objective To explore the effects of recombinant expression plasmid of human glucagon-like peptide-1 (hGLP-1) analog gene (2?Val2-hGLP-1) on blood glucose, serum insulin level and pancreatic island in diabetic rats. Methods The diabetic rat model was reproduced by intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin. The rats were then divided into 3 groups randomly (8 each): recombinant plasmid pIRES2-EGFP/Val2-hGLP-1 transfection group, empty plasmid pIRES2-EGFP transfection group, and diabetic rat model control group. Moreover, 8 untreated SD rats were set as normal control. Each rat in empty plasmid transfection group and recombinant plasmid transfection group was injected via tail vein with 110?g plasmid, whibe those in diabetic model control group and normal control group were treated with equal volume of normal saline solution. Blood glucose and serum insulin levels of rats were determined 30 days after experiment, and glucose tolerance test and insulin tolerance test were performed to estimate insulin sensitivity. The pathological changes in pancreatic island and insulin secretion were evaluated with HE and immunohistochemistry staining, respectively. Results Compare with normal group, diabetic model group and empty plasmid transfection group, the blood glucose level significantly lowered (P0.05). Meanwhile, the insulin secretion was increased and the pathological changes in pancreatic islands were alleviated in recombinant plasmid transfection group compared with that in diabetic model control group. Conclusions hGLP-1 analog gene transfection may be able to promote the proliferation of pancreatic islands and enhance sensitivity to insulin, thus significantly lower blood glucose level and ameliorate the lesion of pancreatic islets in diabetic rats.

Objective To investigate the venous drainage of lesser saphenous aural neurov enofasciocutaneous distally based flap through fluorescence tracing technique and discuss the pattern of venous drainage.Methods Venous blood for 0.1 ml was collected from every rabbit ear vein of 20 rabbits respectively for separation of the erythrocytes and labeling with FITC.The lesser saphenous sural neurovenofasciocutaneous distally based flaps were successfully established in hind limbs of 20 rabbits that were then allocated into four groups according to different inspection time points at 30 minutes ( Croup A) ,24 hours (Group B) ,72 hours (Group C) and 7 days (Group D) after operation.The labeled erythrocytes (5 μl) were injected into the flaps via lesser saphenous vein (in Groups A and B)or hypoderma (in Groups C and D).Then,the flaps were removed five seconds (in Groups A and B) or 10 seconds (in Groups C and D) after injection,immediately frozen and sectioned (5-7 μm in thickness) for microscopic analysis of fluorescent distribution in the pedicle.Results FITC-labeled red blood cells showed steady green fluorescence under inversion fluorescence microscope.Fluorescence was mainly distributed in the wall of lesser saphenous vein and peripheral vessels,as well as inner and outer membrane of perforator artery.There was only faint fluorescence around sural nerve in Groups B,C and D.HE staining showed that the lumina of lesser saphenous vein in Groups C and D were fully filled with thrombosis.Conclusions Vein of the lesser saphenous sural neurovenofasciocutaneous distally based flaps is refluxed mainly through wall of lesser saphenous vein and peripheral vessels as well as through inner and outer membrane of perforator artery in the pedicle.Thrombosis occurs in the lumina of lesser saphenous but there is no venous blood reflux through the valve of lesser saphenous vein.

Objective: To clone hGLP-1 cDNA in the pBS SK(+/-)vector and construct the expression vector of pGEX-4T-3/hGLP-1cDNA to express GST-hGLP-1 fusion protein. Methods: The hGLP-1 cDNA was constructed by 6 synthetic oligonucleotides fragments, followed by the procedure of annealing and ligation with oligonucleotides fragments. The hGLP-1 cDNA was cloned into the pBS SK(+/-) vector, and was selected by α-complementation. It was confirmed by DNA sequening, then inserted into the MCS of the fusion expression vector pGEX-4T-3. The recombinant vector was transformed into E. coli TG1. Results: The recombinant plasmid DNA was digested with restrictive endonuclease BamHⅠand XhoⅠ. The result demonstrated that the hGLP-1 cDNA was successfully inserted into the pGEX-4T-3 vector and fusion protein GST-hGLP-1 had been expressed in SDS-PAGE. Conclusion： Expression of GST-hGLP-1 fusion protein can provide foundation for obtaining a larger quantity of recombinant hGLP-1 for experimental and clinic studies.

[ ABSTRACT] AIM:To investigate the cardiac AMP-activated protein kinase ( AMPK) activity and the effects of AMPK activator on cardiac structure and function in the mice with different β-adrenoceptor (β-AR) stimulation patterns . METHODS:Male BALB/c mice were subcutaneously injected with AMPK activator ( AICAR, 250 mg· kg -1 · d-1 ) or saline, and infused with β-AR agonist isoproterenol (ISO, 5 mg· kg-1· d-1) for 14 d.The cardiac functions were evalu-ated by echocardiography or hemodynamic method , and the hearts were harvested after infusion cessation immediately or 3 d later.Phosphorylated AMPK ( p-AMPK) was measured by Western blot .RESULTS:Sustained ISO infusion increased p-AMPK level.AICAR did not further increase p-AMPK but attenuated ISO-induced increase in heart weight .Sustained ISO infusion increased cardiac systolic function as indicated by left ventricular fractional shortening ( FS) and maximum rate of pressure rise (+dp/dtmax).The cardiac systolic function was not further increased by AICAR .The cardiac diastolic func-tion as indicated by left ventricular end-diastolic pressure (LVEDP) was not different in each group .In contrast, cardiac p-AMPK level was similar between the control mice and the mice with sustained ISO infusion and ceased infusion for 3 d. In this model, AICAR improved the cardiac systolic and diastolic functions , which were impaired by ISO.Moreover, the increased pattern of p-AMPK level was similar with that of heart rate upon ISO stimulation .CONCLUSION: Sustained ISO infusion increases p-AMPK.After ISO infusion cessation for 3 d, p-AMPK is decreased to the basal level .β-AR-in-duced inotropic effects should be avoided to investigate the cardioprotective role of AMPK activation in the β-AR stimulation models.

Objective To analyze the effect of PDCA cycle quality management model on multi-drug resistant organism (MDROs) infec-tion control in a tertiary rehabilitation hospital. Methods From March, 2013 to December, 2015, targeted surveillance of MDROs infection control was performed with PDCA cycle quality control. The MDROs detection rate, the awareness rate of MDROs prevention and control, the rate of doctor issuing isolation orders and execution rate of medical sanitation disinfection and isolation were analyzed. Results The de-tection rates of methicillin-resistant staphylococcus aureus and Carbapenem-resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa decreased (χ2>3.922, P<0.05), while no significant difference was found in the detection rate of multidrug-resistance Acinetobacter baumanii (χ2=8.775, P=0.071). The awareness rate of MDROs prevention and control, the rate of doctor issuing isolation orders and execution rate of medical sanitation dis-infection and isolation significantly improved (χ2>399.17, P<0.001). Conclusion PDCA cycle quality management model played an impor-tant role in the prevention and control of MDROs in rehabilitation hospital.

[Abstract ] Objective The purpose of this study was to construct a short hairpin RNA (shRNA) interference lentiviral vector targeting the humanβ-COP gene and to evaluate its inhibitory effect on β-COP in THP-1 cells. Methods We designed and synthesized 4 humanβ-COP-specific oligonucleotide sequences and inserted them into the pGMLV-SC1 vector to construct a recombinant vector fol-lowed by transfection of HEK 293T cells with the recombinant vector and Lenti-HG Mix to produce lentiviruses and detect the viral con-tent.After infecting the THP-1 cells with the packaged lentiviruses , we analyzed the inhibitory effect of β-COP-shRNA on the β-COP gene by quantitative PCR and Western blot . Results Sequencing confirmed that the β-COP-specific oligonucleotide sequences were in-serted into the lentiviral vector and the lentiviruses were packaged in the transfected HEK 293T cells, with the final viral content of 1 × 109 TU/mL.Quantitative PCR showed that the 4 β-COP-shRNA vectors significantly decreased the mRNA expression of β-COP (P<0.01), with interference rates of 16.9 %,32.5%, 74.0%, and 50.3%, respectively.Western blot also indicated their inhibitory effect on the protein expression of β-COP, with an inhibition rate of 76.4% onβ-COP-shRNA3. Conclusion Lentiviral shRNA interference vectors targeting human β-COP were constructed successfully , which could suppress the expression of the human β-COP gene.

Objective: To analyze the clinical application of manual therapy (MT) to tumor-related adverse reactions via summarizing the research at home and abroad, in order to provide more theoretical evidence for the clinical promotion of MT. Methods: We searched 7 Chinese and English databases, including China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Wanfang Academic Journal Full-text Database (Wanfang), Chongqing VIP Database (CQVIP), PubMed, Excerpta Medica Database (EMBASE), Ovid and EBSCO. The publication date was between the establishment date of the database and December 31, 2020. We screened the literature according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, and then sorted and analyzed the selected information. Results: A total of 46 papers were analyzed. Most studies focused on the adverse reactions in breast cancer patients. MT interventions demonstrated the best efficacy for fatigue, followed by pain, depression and anxiety. In different MT interventions, Tuina (Chinese therapeutic massage) was mainly adopted for fatigue, pain, anxiety, depression, and limb dysfunctions. Acupoint pressing was mainly adopted for gastrointestinal and psychological problems such as abdominal bloating, insomnia, depression and anxiety. The application of reflexotherapy was similar to that of Tuina. Conclusion: MT can alleviate various adverse reactions by effectively relieving patients' somatic symptoms and improving their psychological states and overall functions. It can be popularized as a significant non-drug therapy. Currently, however, the clinical application of MT is neither extensive nor has sufficient basic research. Consequently, we should attach importance to this application.

Objective:To evaluate the efficacy and safety of pegylated recombinant human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (PEG-rhG-CSF) therapy in the primary prevention of concurrent chemoradiotherapy-induced neutropenia.Methods:In this single-center, open-label, single-arm clinical observation, the efficacy of PEG-rhG-CSF in the primary prevention of neutropenia after concurrent chemoradiotherapy in 58 patients admitted to Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital from June 2018 to June 2019 was evaluated.Results:During the whole concurrent chemoradiotherapy, chemotherapy delay occurred in 6 patients (10%). Three patients (5%) had delayed concurrent chemotherapy due to leukopenia or neutropenia. The completion rate of chemotherapy cycle was 94.6%(106/112). Radiotherapy delay occurred in 10 patients (17%) including 2 patients (3%) of delayed radiotherapy due to leukopenia or neutropenia. No patient developed febrile neutropenia (FN). Subgroup analysis found that after completing 1 cycle of concurrent chemoradiotherapy, the incidence rates of grade 4 leukopenia and neutropenia were both 0. After completing 2 cycles of concurrent chemoradiotherapy, the incidence rates of grade 4 leukopenia and neutropenia were 0 and 2%.Conclusion:During the chemoradiotherapy, application of PEG-rhG-CSF in the primary preventation can significantly reduce the incidence of FN, grade 4 leukopenia and neutropenia, which is beneficial to ensure the smooth progress of concurrent chemoradiotherapy.