Objective To investigate the effects of flurbiprofen axetil for preemptive analgesia on hemodynamics and stress levels in patients undergoing neurosurgery.Methods 60 patients undergoing neturosurgery were enrolled in the study.The patients were randomly divided into the flurbiprofen group (Group F,n =30) or the control group (Group C,n =30).HR,MAP and serum norepinephrine (NE),epinephrine (E) levels were measured at 30min before the end of operation (T0),immediately after the end of operation (T1),immediately after extubation (T2).Results The changes in MAP,HR and serum NE,E levels in Group F at T1 and T2 were less than those of Group C (all P ＜ 0.0 1).Conclusion Flurbiprofen axetil for preemptive analgesia may suppress the stress response during recovery period in neurosurgical patients,and keep the hemodynamic index stable.

Objective To study the effects of mild hypothemia therapy on coagulatic-fibrinolytic functions of the severe head injury patients.Methods 35 severe head injured patients from Jan 1998 to May 2000 were treated by mild hypothermia therapy and compared with past 30 patients.All patients's coagulate and fibrinolytic index was measured.Results All patients have coagulate- fibrinolytic disorders, mild hypothermia therapy can reduce consume of coagulate factors and inhibit secondary fibrinolytic function.Conclusion Mild hypothermia therapy is important to the severe head injury patients.

At present, an effective detecting method for brain function impairment for the patients with the glioma is urgently needed in clinic, because it may help us understand its pathogenesis. This paper proposes a method of combining diffusion tensor tracing technology and 'small world' network. It utilizes the degree of brain function network to study complex network topological properties of the patients with the glioma in temporal lobe area. The experimental results showed that the brain networks of the patients with the glioma of different grades were destroyed compared with those of the normal persons, but the destruction degree is independent of the tumor grades. The distribution of functional connections is index truncated power-law accompanied by significant heterogeneity. Meanwhile, the stronger functional areas of information in the glioma have transferred and there exists lack of language function area and sensory function area.
Brain ; physiopathology ; Diffusion Tensor Imaging ; Glioma ; pathology ; Humans ; White Matter ; pathology

Objective:To develop an experimental three-dimensional model by ECV304 cells(human umbilical vein endothelial cell line) for investigating the mechanisms of angiogenesis in vitro.Methods:ECV304 cells were seeded onto three-dimensional collagen gels made of rat-tail collagen.When the endothelial cells were cultured and grown to near confluence,treated with bFGF for 3 to 12 days,and then assessed with inverted phase contrast microscope.Results:The endothelial cells migrated into the gels,formed complex networks by cell cords at different levels through the bottom view,and sprouted capillary-like structures through the side view.Conclusion:ECV304 cells are capable of expressing some early events of angiogenesis in the three-dimensional collagen gels:proliferating,migrating and sprouting and so on.It should be useful for studying angiogenesis in vitro.

In recent years, lower and lower class attendance has plagued the quality of uni-versity teaching. To solve this problem, this study conducted a questionnaire survey in accordance with the concepts of the Education Reform microscopic systems engineering and the method of SIMPP. The results showed that factors affecting student classroom attendance included two aspects: the sub-jective and objective factors. Indicators related to the subjective factors were: the personal attitude when faced with failure exams, the personal learning interest and personal grasp of the main source of knowledge. Indicators related to the objective factors were: school and teachers. Also, this study gave some suggestions on how to improve students' classroom attendance to provide data basis and refer-ence for further study on class attendance.

College students' self cognition of the learning effectiveness influences their learning behavior greatly. Focusing on college students' self cognition of their learning effectiveness, and then standardizing their learning behavior is one of the important work of educators in colleges. Therefore this paper has designed the questionnaire of the influencing factors of learning effectiveness self cog-nition, used SIMPP analysis method to analyze it, and set up the relation model. The analysis shows that college students' self cognition of learning effectiveness is influenced not only by students' dili-gence level and the recognition degree of specialized subject, but also by the factors such as the attitude when you get the bad results. The result provides data basis and scientific basis for future practice and relevant research for educators in colleges.

Objective To explore the effects of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP)on the ratio of CD4+CD25+Treg/CD4+T cell and the expression of TGF-β1 in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE)rats. Methods We randomly divided 60 healthy female Wistar rats into normal control group,EAE control group,VIP low-dose group and VIP high-dose group.We used myelin basic protein (MBP)+ complete adjuvant (CFA)to establish EAE model. Since the day of model construction, the low- and high-dose VIP groups received intraperitoneal injection of 4 nmol/kg (0.2 mL)and 16 nmol/kg (0.8 mL)of VIP every other day,respectively;normal control group and EAE group received injection of saline of 0.8 mL for 10 days in a row.We recorded the peak of neurological dysfunction score (NDS)changes in the rats,observed the pathological changes and GFAP+astrocyte activation in the brain at the morbidity peak of rats with HE staining,and detected the ratio of CD4+CD25+Treg/CD4+T in the spleen with FACS and TGF-β1 cytokine level in brain tissue with ELISA.Results The peak nerve dysfunction score was decreased in each VIP dose group.In normal control group,there were decreased inflammatory cell infiltration and decreased number of active astrocytes in the brain tissue.The degree of infiltration of inflammatory cells and astrocyte activation in VIP control groups were significantly lower than those in EAE group.The CD4+CD25+Treg/CD4+T cell ratio of the spleen tissue in each dose VIP treated group rats was higher than that in EAE control group.The cytokine level of TGF-β1 in the brain tissue increased in each VIP dose group in the dose-dependent manner.Conclusion Through up-regulating the ratio of CD4+CD25+Treg/CD4+T cell in the spleen tissue,increasing TGF-β1 content in brain tissue,and inhibiting the infiltration of inflammatory cells and the astrocyte activation,VIP plays an important role in prevention and control of EAE.

Objective:To study the effects of sulforaphane(SFN)on the proliferation and apoptosis of salivary adenoid cystic carci-noma ACC-Mcells in vitro.Methods:ACC-Mcells were treated with SFN at the doses(μmol/L)of 5,10,20,30,40,60,80 and 100 for 24,48 and 72 hours,respectively.The growth inhibition was examined with MTT assay and typan blue exclusion assay.Morpholo-gy of ACC-M cells was observed with phase contrast microscope,giemsa staining and transmission electron microscope.Flow cytome-try with Annexin-V-FITC/PI double staining was used to detect the apoptosis of ACC-M cells.Results:SFN inhibited the prolifera-tion of ACC-Mcells,the IC50 values(μmol/L)after 24,48 and 72 h treatment were 75.6,21.3 and 16.5 respectively.The highest inhibition rate was 89.2%.The growth inhibition rate of SFN on ACC-Mcells was positively correlated with concentrations of SFN and treatment time.SFN induced the apoptosis of ACC-Mcells in a dose and time dependent manner(P<0.01).Conclusion:SFN can inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of salivary adenoid cystic carcinoma ACC-M cells time and dose-dependently.

At present, navigation path deviation caused by brain shift is the main factor that affects the accuracy of neurosurgical navigation. A new method of near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) based neurosurgical navigation is presented in the paper. The correlation between NIRS optical parameters and medical image is used and the gray information of navigation path is regarded as the priori knowledge, sample-points curvatures are calculated by Hermite interpolation and the Mean Hausdorff distance as measurement criterion is used to match feature segments, then the real-time correction model is established. The algorithm of the given model is simple and can realize the best match within the error, it provides an effective method for real-time navigation path correction.
Algorithms ; Artificial Intelligence ; Calibration ; Humans ; Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted ; methods ; Neuronavigation ; methods ; Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared ; methods ; Surgery, Computer-Assisted ; methods

Objective To evaluate the clinic effect of leaflet enlargement with autologous pericardium in repairing mitral valve disease and to describe the technique and discuss its indications. Methods Between July 2004 and June 2008, 45 pa-tients with isolated mitral valve disease, included stenosis in 10 and regurgitation in 35. The causes were congenital heart dis-ease in 8, rheumatic in 21, degenerative in 7 and endecarditis in 9. The procedures were: posterior leaflet enlargement with autologuus pericardium in 14, anterior leaflet enlargement in 8, both anterior and posterior leaflet enlargement in 23. In addi-tion, eye to eye technique was in 12, artificial chordal in 12, chordal transfer in 6, papillary muscle vepesitioning in 4. Mitral anuuloplasty was performed in all cases. Before and after surgery, cardiac function parameters were compared. Results No operative deaths occurred. One case wastransfered to mitral valve replacement due to regurgation, lntraoperative transesophageal echocardiography showed no mitral regurgitation in 38 and small regurgitation in 6 cases. The mean mitral valve effective orifice area(MVEOA) was (2.8±0.6) cm~2, with a mean gradient pressure of (6.21±1.34) mm Hg after operation. The mean followed up was ( 18.0±2.1 ) months. Echocardiography study showed that no mitral regurgitation in 35 cases, slight regurgi-tation in 9, mean mitral effective orifice area was (2.5±0. 8 ) cm~2, mean gradient pressure of (7.21±0. 45 ) mm Hg, no one need reoperation. Postoperative cardiac functions were significantly improved: the average left ventricular end-diastolic diameter (LVEDD) was (48±7) mm [ preoperative (56±6) nun, P <0.05], ejection fraction (EF) was 0.51～0.24( preoperative 0.45± 0.23, P < 0.05 ), the average left atrium diameter ( LA ) was ( 50±11 ) mm [ preoperative ( 62±23 ) mm, P <0. 05 ]. The function of mitral valves was well performed. Conclusion Leaflet enlargement with autologous pericardium com-bined with mitral annuloplasty was effective in repairing of diseased mitral valve. The advantages of the procedure including simplicity, good compatibility, avoiding foreign body and no need for anticoagulation.