Objective To investigate the effect and mechanism of Shouwu Yizhi Capsule (Capsule of Radix Polygoni Multiflori and Semen Coicis for dementia) on the Notch/Delta signal pathway in experimental rats with vascular dementia (VD). Methods The models were established with the modified Pulsinelli 4 vessel occlusion method. They were randomized into Shouwu Yizhi Capsule group,piracetam group,model group,and sham operation group with 14 rats in each group. Seven days after modeling,the Shouwu Yizhi Capsule group was administered intragastrically Shouwu Yizhi Capsule solution 0.08g/ml,the piracetam group was prescribed intragastrically piracetam solution 0.02g/ml,and the model and sham operation groups were given intragastrically normal saline. Twenty days later,the mRNA expression of HES1,Mash1,and ?-APP on Notch/Delta singal pathway was determined by real-time quantitative fluorescent PCR. Results Compared with the model and piracetam groups,the mRNA expression of HES1 the in Shouwu Yizhi Capsule group was significantly increased (P0.05). Conclusion Shouwu Yizhi Capsule could effectively activate the interaction of HES1,Mash1,and ?-APP on the Notch/Delta signal pathway,being the possible mechanism in the treatment of VD.

Objective:To study the effects of Jiaweitaohechengtang on expression of?-SMA protein in hepatic fibrosis rats induced by CCl4.Methods:Hepatic fibrosis models were induced by CCl 4 .All the experimental rats were divided into six groups:normal control group,model control group,colchicine positive treatment group,jiaweitaohechenqitang groups with high- dosage,medium-dosage and low-dosage.Drugs were given to rats for 8 weeks by intragastric administration.Scores of hepatic fibrosis were assessed with semiquantitive scoring system(SSS)through tianlanghong staining.Protein expression levels of ?-smooth muscle actin(?-SMA)were determined with immunohistochemical steining method.Results:SSS in model control group were higher than those in normal control group,but lower than those in three treatment groups with jiaweitaohechengqitang. Compared with nornal control group,the protein expression levels of?-SMA in liver tissues in model control group increased markedly,but decreased when it was compared to jiaweitaohechengqitang groups.There was a significant difference between model control group and three treatment groups.Conclusion:Jiaweitaohechengqitang has therapeutic effects on hepatic fibrosis.The mechanism may be ralated to the inhabitition of the activation of HSC.

Objective To evaluate the impact of the different organ preservation solutions on the outcome of islet transplantation, and possibility of using hypertonic citric potassium solution as the organ preservation solution. Methods Adult human pancreata was selected and hypertonic citric potassium solution and UW solutions were used as organ preservation solutions respectively to isolate and purify human islets. Islet number and IEQ as well as the functions of the two groups were compared. Results There was no significant difference in the islet number after isolation ( P values were 0.671 and 0.716 respectively), and there was no significant difference in the islet number after purification ( P values were 0.684 and 0.767 respectively) between the two groups. After purification, there was no significant difference in the concentration of insulin secreted by islets between the two groups both under the stimulation of high concentration and low concentration glucose ( P values were 0.275 and 0.546 respectively), and no significant difference in C pep secretion ( P values were 0.126 and 0.657 respectively). Survival rate of the islets in the two groups was over 85 % . Conclusion In pancreas transplantation, hypertonic citric potassium solution could be used as pancreas preservation solution.

Objective To evaluate the effect of pregnancy and delivery after renal transplantation (RT)on recipients,graft and offspring.Methods Clinical data of 6 pregnancies in 5 recipients were retrospectively studied and literature was reviewed.Results Among them,6 pregnancies and 4 deliveries occurred in 5 female RT recipients.The mean age at pregnancy was 31.1 years,with a mean interval between RT and pregnancy being 3.6 years.Preeclampsia developed in two pregnancies and hyperlipemia in one pregnancy.One RT recipient who discontinued immunosuppressant following pregnancy on her own exhibited subsequent renal failure.She underwent a second RT and delivered a healthy baby two years following the second RT.One RT recipient decreased the immunosuppressant dose to half after the pregnancy on her own and developed renal failure thereafter.Four patients underwent a Cesarean section at 38 th,35 th,35 th,and 38 th week,respectively.The mean birth weight was 3262.5 g with all Apgar scores of 10.Conclusion Our data coupled with prior reports suggest that for the recipients with normal renal function,successful pregnancy is achievable if immunosuppressant was taken correctly,but the pregnancy is at high risk,and careful monitoring is needed.

ObJective To discuss the causes,diagnosis,treatment and outcomes of renal artery aneurysm(RAA). Methods Duriog August 1998 and December 2004,1251 patients underwent rehal transplantation,and 5 men(mean age,43)who received end-to-end anastomose from renal graft artery to the internal iliac artery were found to develop RAA.The main complains included aggravated renal function,sudden oliguria or anuria,hypertension and allograft pain.Color Doppler flow and digital subtraction angiography were used to confirm aneurysm.Size of the RAA were 1.8 cm×2.0 cm×2.0 am to 4.0 cm×4.0 cm×5.0 cm. Results Two aneurysms were located at the anastomotic stoma.One patient who lost renal function 1 month after the aneurysm was diagnosed received nephrectomy,regular hemodialysis,and another renal transplantation 1 year later.The other patient successfully underwent cadaver transplantation without removing the original renal allograft after the renal dysfunction occurred.The renal function remained normal during 2 years'follow-up.Two renal artery aneurysm cases also accompanied with proximate renal artery stenosis.One patient was treated with balloon dilatation and stent implantation,and normal renal function was observed during 1 years followup. Another patient had graft removed and underwent retransplantation.The renal function was excellent during 3 years'follow-up.Atherosclerotic plaque within internal iliac artery anastomotic stoma,which lead to artery stenosis and aneurysm,was found in 1 patient.Two days after the renal allograft was removed,this patient died of brainstem embolism. Conclusions End-to-end anastomose from renal graft artery to the internal iliac artery seems to be related with postoperative complications.Patients with confirmed RAA should be cautiously managed.Retransplantation and interventional thera PY may be the choice.

Objectives:Dose-response effect of nicorandil cardioplegia at various concentrations was studied to optimize its myocardial protective effect.Methods:Forty-eight isolated working rat hearts were divided into 6 groups randomly.They were group A:control (depolarized cardiac arrest with St.Thomas solution No.2),group B,C,E,F and G:hyperpolarized cardiac arrest (nicorandil concentration were 25,50,100,125 and 150μmol/L respectively).The hearts underwent a 120-minute hypothermic arrest (15±1)℃ with cardioplegia (40 ml/kg) and reinfused with cardioplegia (40 ml/kg) at interval of 30 minutes.Mechanical arrest time,cardiac functional recoveries,myocardial content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and ultrastructure were measured.Results:The protective effect of nicorandil cardioplegia was dose-related.Conclusions:The optimal concentration of nicorandil in cardiplegia may be 100μmol/L for myocardial protection.

Objcetive To investigate the protective effects of the nitroxides R-1 on human liver cells exposed to ionizing radiation.Methods Human liver cells L-02 were cultured and irradiated with 60Co γ-rays at the doses of 0,1,2,4,and 8 Gy,in order to screen the proper irradiation dose.WR2721 at the terminal concentration of 4 mmol/L was used as positive control.L-02 cells irradiated with 4 Gy were added with R-1 at the terminal concentration of 0.25 μmol/L at 30 min before irradiation or immediately after irradiation.MIT method was used to screen the proper conditions for follow-up experiment 72 h later.L-02 cell culture fluid was added with R-1 at the concentrations of 0,0.125,0.25,0.5,and 1 μmol/L,respectively for 30 min before irradiation at the doses of 0,1,2,4,and 8 Gy to ealculate clone formation rate at 10 d post-irradiation.L-02 cells were cultured and divided into 4 groups:control group without any treatment.drug group pretreated by 0.25 μmol/L R-1 only,irradiation group,irradiated at 4 Gy only,and drug + irradiation group with combination of 0.25 μmol/L R-01 and 4 Gy irradiation.The inverted microscopy and Hoechst 33258 staining and flow eytometry were used to observe the apoptosis of the cells at 24,48,and 72 h later.Results Nitroxides R-1 did not inhibit the viability of L-02 cell when its concentration was less than 1 μmol/L and it inhibited the L-02 cell growth when the concentration wu higher than 2 μmoL/L.The A value and colony formation rate of different concentration of R-1 groups were all higher than those of the irradiation group,and the effect of the 0.25 μmol/L drug concentration group was the most significant.Consequently,the concentration 0.25 μmoL/L was selected for follow-up experiment.Compared with the irradiation group,the L-02 cells of the pretreatment group showed solid adherence, increased refraction,clear outline,less apoptotic and dead cells at 4 Gy post-irradiation.Conclusions Nitroxides R-1 can protect the human liver cells from 60Coγ-ray induced injury effectively.The mechanism of its protective effect may be the reduction of apoptosis.

Objective To investigate the relationship between dynamic changes of plasma D-dimer and survival rate of the esophageal carcinoma patients pre-and post-operation.Methods 30 cases of normal control group,160 cases of esophageal cancer group( including operation cases n =112),with the gold standard method for the determination of plasma D-dimer.Results There was a link between the level of D-dimer,TNM staging,lymph node metastasis and tumor size in esophageal carcinoma patients.Compared with the preoperation,the plasma D-dimer is significantly elevated 2 years later( t =7.35,P ＞ 0.05 ).Conclusion Before or after the operation,dynamic changes of plasma D-dimer had a relationship with short-term survival rate.

ObjectiveTo observe the clinical effect of acupoint application on lipid metabolism in elderly diabetics with hyperlipidemia.Methods60 elder diabetics were divided into two groups.In the drugs group,patients were purely treated with simvastatin or lipanthyl.In the acupoint group, patients received acupoint application.The serum total cholesterol(TC), triglyceride (TG), low-density lipoprotein (LDL-C), high-density lipeprotein (HDL-C), aPoprotein A(ApoA) and apoprotein B(ApoB) ere measured respectively.Adverse events were observed.ResultsThe levels of TC、TG、LDL-C、ApoB were significantly dechned(all P ＜0.01 ～0.05).However,the rates of reduce lipid had no significant difference in two groups(P ＞0.05).The levels of HDL-C and ApoA were increased in the drugs group,but the homologous levels in the acupoint group showed no significantly change(all p ＞ 0.05).The adverse reaction in the acupoint group was significantly lower than that in the drugs group(P ＜0.05).ConclusionAcupoint application could decrease the blood lipid spectrum in the senile diabetics with hyperlipidemia.This therapeutics could reduce adverse drug reactions.

Objective To investigate the effect of phosphatidylinesitol-3 kinase/serine threonine kinase (PI3K/Akt) signaling pathway on expression of beta-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme-1 (BACE1) in the hippocampus neurons of rat brain. Methods Forty SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: blank control group, sham-operated group, insulin group and wortmannin group. Insulin or the specific inhibitor of PI3K, wortmannin was injected into hippocampus neurons to activate or inhibit the signaling pathway in insulin group or wortmannin group, respectively. Immunoprecipitation and Western blot were used to analyze the proteins levels of PI3K/Akt and BACE1. Results In insulin treatment group,among the proteins downstream of signaling pathway, expression of Akt increased (0. 952±0.060 vs 0.835±0.029,t=4.9150, P=0.0001), phospho-Akt set473 increased (0.800±0.075 vs 0.657± 0.025,t=4.5598, P=0.0002), phospho-GSK-3α decreased (0.604±0.062 vs 0.726±0.041, t= 3.5871, P=0.0018 ), and the expression of mature BACE1 and β-CTF significantly decreased. In wortmannin group, the expression of Akt and phospho-Akt ser473 were inhibited; phospho-GSK-3α increased ; mature BACEI (1.004±0.096) and β-CTF (1.031±0.048) increased (t=11.5980, P= 0.0000 and t =4.2194, P =0.0004, respectively). Conclusions PI3K/Akt signaling pathway might effect the expression of BACE1, in which impaired signaling pathway may cause the amyloid precursor protein to be easily processed by BACE1, and thus involves the pathology of Alzheimer' s disease.