Humans ; Neoplasms ; pathology ; therapy ; Pathology, Molecular ; methods ; Precision Medicine

Objective To explore a method that restrain and dispel motion artifacts of MRI examination for better image quality and higher working efficiency.Methods The sponge package of CT tube was used to design and make sponge cushions in types of 2 cm?7.5 cm?22 cm,3 cm?7.5 cm?22 cm and 4 cm?7.5 cm?22 cm,which were used to MRI examination by quadrature coil of brain.Results The method of"adding cushion" was adopted to examine brain of MRI in 2 638 cases.Among them,2 633 cases were successfully scanned,which accounts for 99.81%;5 cases failed,accounts for 0.19%.For the failed cases,4 cases were successfully scanned in the second time by using medical bandage in cooperation,while 1 case failed.Conclusion The method of"adding cushion" in routine MRI examination of brain can restrain and dispel motion artifacts,improving image quality and work efficiency.It is an easy,reliable,ideal method for restraining and dispelling motion artifacts in brain MRI examination.

Angiogenesis Inhibitors ; therapeutic use ; Animals ; Gene Transfer Techniques ; Genetic Therapy ; trends ; Genetic Vectors ; Humans ; Immunotherapy ; Oligonucleotides, Antisense ; therapeutic use ; Pancreatic Neoplasms ; drug therapy ; therapy ; Prodrugs ; therapeutic use ; RNA, Catalytic ; therapeutic use

Objective To evaluate the urethra lengthening technique in the management of stricture of the external orifice and navicular fossa of urethra. Methods From June 1995 to April 1999,15 cases of severe stricture of the external orifice and navicular fossa of urethra were treated by the urethra lengthening technique and the therapeutic effect was evaluated. Results The patients have been followed up for 3～36 months with a mean of 21 months.Satisfactory results with normal voiding and good apearence of the penis have been observed in all but 2.Slight stricture of the external orifice has been noted in 2 patients and has been relieved after 3～6 times of urethral sounding. Conclusions Urethra lengthening technique yields a high success rate with consistant normal voiding and is compliant with the normal anatomy and physiology of the urethra.

Objective To evaluate liver transplantation for patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).Methods From Feb,1999 to Mar,2002 a total of 95 cases underwent liver transplantation(LTX) in our centre, among them there were 23 cases of HCC.SPSS 10 0 software was used to evaluate the risk factors on the tumor recurrence after LTX.Results The tumor recurrence rate was 65% during the period of follow up. The patients' tumor free survival rate at 6 and 12 months was 75 0% and 58 3%, respectively. Multi variants analysis revealed that there was a statistical relationship between pretransplant tumor size and tumor recurrence( P =0 024).Statistical relations between preoperative demograplaic, clinical features and post LTX recurrence were not found.Conclusion Large hepatocellular carcinoma is a relative contraindication for LTX.

The application of molecular biological technique provides opportunity to pancreatic cancer patients since the cancer is resistant to routine treatment. Clarifying the molecular mechanism in the genesis and development of pancreatic cancer is the first thing to do. Recent researches found that there were different signaling pathways activated in different stages of pancreatic cancer. The important signal pathways included mitosis pathways, growth factor pathways, developing pathways and mucin pathways. This article will review the relationship between molecular pathways and pancreatic cancer.

Objective To determine diazepam, nitrazepam, oxazepam, estazolam, and al-prazolam simultaneously in human plasma by reversed phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Methods Ten microliter carbamazepine (50 mg/L)as the internal standard was added into 1 mL sample, which contained the 5 mixed sedative hypnotics as standard substance and human plasma as ground substance. They were extracted with acetoacetate from plasma samples, and then were dissolved by 100 μL mobile phase. The blood drug levels were analyzed by high perform-ance liquid chromatograph with 20 μL sample injection on a chromatographic column C 18 (4.6 mm×250 mm)at 30℃. The mobile phase consisted of methanol and water (65:35) , and the flow rate was 1.0 mL/min. The ultraviolet detection wavelength was 230 nm. Results The linearity range of the 5 drugs was 5～1 200 μg/L(r≥0.9966, P<0.05). The recovery rate was 95.5%～105.6%. The extraction recovery rate was more than 75%. The relative standard deviation (RSD) of intra-day and inter-day was less than 10% (n=5). Conclusion RP-HPLC method is convert-ient, accurate and sensitive for simultaneous determination of the concentration of diazepam, nitraze-pam, oxazepam, estazolam, and alprazolam in human plasma.

Objective:To investigate the effects of enteral nutrition assisted therapy in preventing postoperative anastomotic fistula in patients with esophageal cancer and its influence on immunity,healing process and nutritional recovery.Methods: The clinical data of 90 cases of patients with esophageal cancer who underwent surgical treatment were retrospectively analyzed.According to the mode of postoperative nutritional support,the patients were divided into group A(n=34),B(n=30)and C(n=26)three groups.Group A was treated by immune-enhancing enteral nutrition(Supportan)assisted therapy.Group B was treated with routine enternal nutrition(Nutrison Fibre)assisted therapy.Both of the two groups were treated with 25%,50% and 100% of the full dose on the 1st,2nd and 3rd-7th day after surgery.Later,the dose was reduced day by day till normal diet.Group C was treated by parenteral nutrition assisted therapy.Since the 1st day after surgery,patients in group C were intravenously injected with glucose,vita min and a mino acid mixed liquid calculated by 125.52 kJ/kg.8-10 d later,patients gradually transited to the normal diet.The incidence rates of anastomotic fistula,pulmonary infection and incision infection,wound healing time,total hospitalization time and initial exhaust time were observed and compared between the three groups.The changes of immune index [T lymphocytes and its subsets(CD3+,CD4+,CD8+)],inflammatory factors[C reactive protein(CRP),IL-6]and nutrition indexes[serum total protein(TP),albumin(ALB)]before surgery,on the 1st and 8th day after surgery were recorded.Results: ①There were significant differences in the incidence rates of postoperative anastomotic fistula and pulmonary infection between the three groups(P<0.05),and the incidence rates in group C were significantly higher than those in the other two groups(P<0.05).②There were significant differences in wound healing time,total hospitalization time and initial exhaust time between the three groups(P<0.05)and that of group C group was longer than that of the other two groups(P<0.05).③On the 1st day after surgery,the levels of immune indexes such as CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+ and nutrition indexes such as TP and ALB in the three groups were significantly lower than those before surgery.CD8+ levels and levels of inflammatory indexes such as CRP and IL-6 were significantly higher than those before surgery(P<0.05).However,there was no significant difference between the groups(P>0.05).On the 8th day after surgery,the nutrition indexes in the three groups were still significantly lower than those before surgery.However,those in group A and B were significantly higher than those in group C(P<0.05);the inflammatory factors were still significantly higher than those before surgery(P<0.05)but those in group A and B were significantly lower than those in group C(P<0.05).Among the three groups,there was no statistical significance in comparing the immune indexes with those in group A(P>0.05).The levels of CD3+,CD4+,CD4+/CD8+ in the other two groups were lower than those before surgery while CD8+ level was higher than that before surgery(P<0.05).Conclusion: To apply enteral nutrition assisted therapy in patients with esophageal cancer after surgery can effectively improve the prognosis.It has positive effects on shortening the healing process,improving the immune function and improving the nutritional status.

Objective Nasal administration,as a common means of treatment of respiratory diseases,may normally cause bronchospasm,cough and other adverse reactions,the efficiency of nasal nebulizers has been criticized as well.This paper aims to develop a medicine atomizing device,pharmaceutically atomized in solving the existing problems,providing a modern instrument for treatment of respiratory diseases by traditional Chinese medicine.Methods The device could prepare medicine by decoction and filtration,which means this unit is divided into two functional modules,medicine preparation and herbal atomization.1 200 W heating plate is placed in decoction unit and is programmed to fit traditional decoction protocol.Steam and ultrasonic nebulised medicine are combined in atomizing unit.Another non-contact infrared heating unit also located in to control the temperature precisely.Different forms of traditional Chinese medicine and different filtration methods were selected to optimize the atomizing effect.Results An implementation of two sequence of filtration enabled optimization of atomizing.After 15 volunteers'trial,this device functioned well on Bama nasal medical protocol,and could effectively avoid the adverse reactions of the traditional way of cold fog atomizing.Conclusions The nasal nebulizer equipment on which Chinese herbal medicine treatments could directly performed,produced atomized mist particle size suitable for nasal treatment,and by generating warm steam to avoid the common clinical administration caused choking to hypoxia and other adverse reactions.Meanwhile,instrument has a friendly interactive feature to meet the clinical requirements for medicine nebulizer treatment.

Objective To investigate the influencing factors and prognosis of early and late recurrence after radical resection of primary hepatocellular carcinoma(HCC).Methods The clinical data of 117 patients who received radical resection of HCC at the Tongji Hospital of Huazhong University of Science and Technology from January 2003 to December 2006 were retrospectively analyzed.Tumor recurrence occurred within 2 years after operation was defined as early recurrence,and tumor recurrence occurred latter than 2 years after operation was defined as late recurrence.Relationship between postoperative tumor recurrence and level of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP),AFP/V,tumor diameter,tumor number,blood vessel invasion,tumor differentiation,hepatic cirrhosis,hepatic function,hepatitis B surface antigen,procedure of hepatic resection and blood transfusion was analyzed.The overall survival and disease-free survival rates were determined by Kaplan-Meier method,and the survival rate was analyzed by Log-rank test.Results Eighty-five(72.6％)patients were found with tumor recurrence,including 59(50.4％)with early tumor recurrence and 26(22.2％)with late tumor recurrence.Levels of AFP,AFP/V,tumor diameter,tumor number,blood vessel invasion,tumor differentiation and blood transfusion were the influencing factors of early recurrence(x2 = 12.78,13.40,5.79,9.98,10.26,9.48,8.32,P ＜ 0.05).Level of AFP and hepatic cirrhosis were the influencing factors of late recurrence(x2 =4.46,7.75,P ＜ 0.05).AFP/V,tumor number and blood vessel invasion were the independent risk factors of early recurrence(RR = 0.170,0.172,0.064,P ＜ 0.05).Hepatic cirrhosis was the independent risk factor of late recurrence(RR = 2.809, P ＜ 0.05).The 1-,3-,5-year overall survival rates and tumor-free survival rates were 82.6％,60.8％,54.9％ and 65.0％,38.5％,23.1％.There were significant differences in overall survival and disease-free survival rates among patients with AFP ＜20 μg/L,AFP/V ＜ 14 μg/(L · cm3)or AFP/V ≥ 14 μg/(L · cm3)(P ＜ 0.05).The 1-,3-,5-year overall survival rates of patients with early tumor recurrence were 64.9％,23.0％ and 20.5％,respectively,and the 1-,3-,5-year overall survival rates of patients with late tumor recurrence were 100.0％,88.5％ and 72.5％,respectively.A significant difference in the 1-,3-,5-year overall survival rates between patients with early or late tumor recurrence was observed(x2 = 26.918,P ＜0.05).Conclusions AFP/V,tumor number,blood vessel invasion were independent risk factors of early tumor recurrence,and hepatic cirrhosis was the independent risk factor of late tumor recurrence.There is a significant difference in the survival rate between patients with early or late tumor recurrence.