Objective: Attempt to use generalized graded unfolding model to analyze the item of "Autonomy in Learning Rating Scale for College Students " adequacy of the scale designing and evidence probability of the usage of unfolding model in costructing tests. Methods: Based on randomly selected 600 graduates’ response of the scale, item analysis was carried on in 497 potent subjects. Results: Subjects whose trait continuum were between 2.5-4.0 and -3.5～-3.0 were short, and all the item locations were negative; all the item discriminations were above 0.5; the item information functions of 2, 6, 7, 19, 21, 25, 49, 50, 51 were below 0.4098; the fit plots of the item and test satisfied the requirements. Conclu- sion: Fit index of the whole scale is good; some items need to be revised or deleted; GGUM could be used in constructing attitude scales.

Objective To investigate the protective effect of short-term moderate exercise on ischemic/reperfused myocardium and its correlation to the activation of protein kinase C(PKC).Methods Fourty Wistar rats were randomly divided into 4 groups(n=10 respectively): control group(CON group),exercise group(EXE group),exercise + PKC inhibitor group(E+C group) and PKC inhibitor group(CHE group).The occurrence of arrhythmia,the recovery of cardiac function,and infarct size were observed by using the Langendorff-ischemia/reperfusion model in isolated rat heart in vitro.Results Recovery rate of LVDP(on the 30th and 60th minute of reperfusion) and RPP(on the 20th,30th and 60 minute of reperfusion) of EXE group were higher than those of CON and E+C groups(P

Objective To improve the efficienct of bone defect reparing,we produced a new shaped bone substitude.And we study the result from repairing rabbit radial segmental defect.Method Twenty mature rabbits were made segmental radial defect on both sides.15 received allogenic bone powder/FS/BMP in the left,and allogenic bone powder/FS in the right.5 samples received no implant in the left as control and allogenic bone powder/FS in the right.4,8,12 weeks after operation,result were assessed by gross,radiographic and histologcal examination.Result the study showed that allgonic bone powder/FS/BMP was much faster and better than allogenic bone powder/FS in repairing the defect(P<0.05),Conclusion It is suggest that allogenic bone power/fs/BMP is a kind of high bone induce ability ,shaped,and absorbable bone substitute.

Objective To investigate the clinical therapeutic effect of acupuncture on pulmonary infection after acute cerebral infarction.Methods Seventy patients with pulmonary infection after acute cerebral infarction were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 35 cases each. The control group received routine medication and the treatment group, acupuncture in addition. Pre-treatment and post-treatment National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale (NIHSS) scores and clinical pulmonary infection scores (CPIS) were compared between the two groups. The correlation between the NIHSS score and the CPIS score was observed.Results There were statistically significant pre-/post-treatment differences in the NIHSS score and the CPIS score in the two groups (P<0.05,P<0.01). There were statistically significant post-treatment differences in the NIHSS score and the CPIS score between the treatment and control groups (P<0.05). The correlation between the NIHSS score and the CPIS score was low in the treatment group after treatment (r=0.417,P<0.05).Conclusions Acupuncture plus medication is an effective way to treat pulmonary infection after acute cerebral infarction. It can improve the NIHSS score and the CPIS score in the patients.

Objective To observe the effects of laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy in the treatment of polypoid lesions of gallbladder and the effects on postoperative rehabilitation of patients. Methods 78 cases of patients with polypoid lesions of gallbladder treated in our hospital from August 2011 to November 2014 were selected as the study object. According to the order of medical treatment and hospital admission , the patients were numbered and randomly divided into laparoscopy group and combined group , with 39 cases in each group. The laparoscopy group were treated by laparoscopic cholecystectomy while the combined group were treated by laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy gallbladder-protection surgery. The operation indicators , recovery of gastrointestinal function and incidence of postoperative complications in the two groups were observed. After discharge , the 2 groups of patients were followed up for 1 year. The improvement of postoperative digestive tract symptoms and rehabilitation of patients was observed. Results The intraoperative bleeding volume, postoperative fasting time, defecation time and hospitalization time of the combined group [(20.13 ± 7.48) mL, (0.51 ± 0.98) d, (1.20 ± 0.84) d, (1.98 ± 1.54)d] were less than those of the laparoscopy group (P <0.05); The incidence rate of complications in the combined group (10.26%) was lower than that in the laparoscopy group (33.33%) (P < 0.05); Immediately at the end of operation and 1 week after operation, VAS scores of the combined group [(4.23 ± 0.41), (2.46 ± 0.17) ] were lower than those in the laparoscopy group (P < 0.05); At the last follow-up, KPS score of the combined group increased to (89.98 ± 1.24), which was higher than that in the laparoscopy group (P < 0.05); GradeⅠpostoperative recovery in the combined group accounted for 87.18% which was higher than that in the laparoscopy group (64.10%). There was no case of grade III and the proportion was lower than that in the laparoscopy group (15.38%). The differences in proportions of grade I and III between the two groups were statistically significant (P < 0.05). Conclusion To adopt laparoscopy combined with choledochoscopy in the treatment of polypoid lesions of gallbladder , the curative effect is certain and the minimally invasive advantage is obvious. The long-term recovery effect is good and the safety is high.

ObjectiveTo investigate the efficacy of superficial surround needling plus quadriceps femoris training in treating knee osteoarthritis and observe electromyographic amplitude variations by knee osteoarthritis.MethodNinety patients diagnosed with knee osteoarthritis were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 45 cases each. The treatment group received superficial surround needling plus quadriceps femoris training and the control group, acupuncture alone. Both groups were treated for two weeks. Pre-treatment and post-treatment knee joint functions were scored and compared using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), the Lysholm Knee Score Scale and the electromyographic integral value. Meanwhile, electromyography was performed and electromyographic amplitude variations by knee osteoarthritis were compared between the two groups of patients.ResultThe total efficacy rate was 88.9% in the treatment group and 60.0% in the control group. It was higher in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05). After treatment, the VAS score, the Lysholm score and the electromyographic integral value were significantly better in the treatment group than in the control group (P<0.05).ConclusionSuperficial surround needling plus quadriceps femoris training has a marked therapeutic effect on knee osteoarthritis.

Objective To evaluate the performance of trilobed flaps for reconstruction of nasal tip defects. Methods Totally, 23 patients with nasal tip defects after tumor resection were enrolled into this study. Skin defects varied from 1.5 cm × 1.5 cm to 2.5 cm × 2.5 cm in size. According to the location and size of skin defects, trilobed flaps were designed, and the angle between two lobes ranged from 45° to 50°. The size of the first lobe was approximately equal to that of the skin defect, while the size of the second and third lobes decreased successively. During flap design, the integrity of nasal subunits was sufficiently considered, and the incision lines were placed along the boundary lines of the nasal subunit as far as possible, so as to conceal the incision scar with natural skin folds. Results After the operation, skin flaps survived with primary healing of incisions in all the patients. After 6 - 24 months of follow up, the color, texture and thickness of flaps were similar to those of their surrounding skin, and incision scars were inconspicuous. No malformation occurred in the nasal ala, nostril, nasal columella or surrounding organs, and satisfactory nasal appearance and function were achieved. Conclusion Trilobed flaps can be used to effectively repair relatively large skin defects of the nasal tip with satisfactory nasal appearance and function.

Objective To investigate the optimal operative approach for esophageal and cardiac carcinoma,in order to obtain favorable exposure and to diminish trauma.Methods A method of median-rib-Section were performed in 207 cases of esophageal and cardiac carcinoma:the 6th and 7th ribs were cut intermediately,then we peeled and cut the rib periosteum.stretching the costal interspace with a prop until the exposure was optimal.Items including traumatic degree,exposure extend and conditions of thoracic cavity closure were compared with that of traditional antemposterior-rib-section method.Results The exposure result was similar in the two methods,but the traumatic de-grce WaS less when anteroposterior-rib·section was applied,due to its avoiding cutting intercostal muscles which caused more blood loss.The median-rib-section method led to more satisfactory anatomy paratope and external appearance,less trawma and incision pain.Conclusion The method of median-rib-section is worthy of generalization because of its satisfactory exposure,less trauma,better paratope and absence of postoperative costal malformation.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of bromhidrosis with botulinum toxin A by needle free injection.Methods A total of 40 patients with bromhidrosis were collected and divided into needle free group and needle group.A comparative study was carried out in those subjects.Patients in needle free group received needle free injection of botulinum toxin A by INJEX30;Needle group received traditional injection by 26 G needles.Results In needle free group,16 cases were cured,3 cases were effective,1 case was ineffective,no significant pain,hematomas or necrosis were found.In needle group,15 cases were cured,4 cases were effective,and 1 case was ineffective;localized hematoma occurred in 2 cases.And cases in group needle experienced pain more intensely than cases in needle free group.Conclusions The INJEX30 improves the security,comfort and therapy compliance of botulinum toxin A injection in the bromhidrosis patients,with similar efficacy with traditional injection.

Seat lumbar rotation technique is a commonly used technique,and the clinician is also a kind of clinical curative effect more apparent bone-setting reduction technique.However,the power of spinning technique,direction and position selection is based on the personal experience of the clinician,the lack of a unified,standardized scientific basis for support.Now the article reviews the studies of the rotation of the seat,including lumbar anatomy,biomechanical characteristics,clicks,mechanism of action,and safety.It will provide new ideas for standardizing operations research techniques.