OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the curative efficacy of recombinate erythropoietin(r-HuEPO) administered through different route for patients receiving hemodialysis.METHODS: 40 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis(MHD) were randomized into subcutaneous injection group and intravenous injection group.The hemoglobin(Hb),hematokrit(Hct) and the adverse effect within 12 weeks were observed.RESULTS: The Hb/Hct level of the two groups increased with the prolonging of treatment,which increased significantly at 8 weeks and 12 weeks as compared with before treatment(P

20% lymphocytes)was documented in all patients who underwent bronchoalveolar lavage(BAL).In addition,inversion of the CD4/CD8 ratio(mean value:0.64?0.21)was observed in the patients.Non-specific IgM and IgG antibodies to antigens were documented in 13/14(92.9%)of BAL patients.Ten patients were cured by glucocorticoid,others by anti-infective therapy.We rechecked the HRCT which displayed the shade of lung in 12 patients(85.7%)vanishing completely,2 patients'(14.3%)partly.Conclusion There is no specificity in the clinical manifestations,change of mageology,pulmonary function and the immunologic test.However,compared with other methods,we find the test of BAL is more valuable to the diagnosis.It is critical to avoid the antigen,and we find the curative effect of the glucocorticoid is significant.

Although there are many drugs for the treatment'of cerebral infarction, no satisfactory efficacy has achieved. Mesenehymal stromal cells (MSCs) have multilineage differentiation potential and self-renewing capability, and can differentiate into neurons. The transplanted MSCs can improve neurological deficit after cerebral infarction, promote the recovery of neurological function, and thereby reduce the disability of cerebral infarction through the mechanisms such as releasing nutritional factors and growth nutritional factors, promoting angiogenesis. The use of MSCs for cell transplantation is likely to be an ideal means in the treatment of cerebral infarction.

Objective To study the relevant factors of malignant change of colorectal adenoma. Methods The clinical data of 276 cases of colorectal adenoma admitted in our hospital in recent 14 years were analyzed retrospectively . Results Malignant change rate of the adenoma in the left colon was significantly higher than that in right colon(P

Objective To explore the efficacy and the safety of oxycodone hydrochloride injection in the induction and maintenance of general anesthesia in breast cancer patients.Methods A total of 200 female patients,aged 25-65 years,ASA physical status Ⅰ or Ⅱ,scheduled for elective breast-conservative surgery,were randomly divided into 2 groups (n=100 each): oxycodone hydrochloride group (group O) and sufentanil group (group S).Oxycodone 0.2 mg/kg (group O) or sufentanil 0.2 μg/kg (group S) with propofol 2 mg/kg and cisatracurium 0.15 mg/kg were administered intravenously for general anesthesia induction.Propofol target-controlled infusion combined with remifentanil were used for maintenance of general anesthesia during the operation.Anesthesia time,awake time,extubation time,total consumption of propofol and remifentanil were recorded.The adverse events and VAS scores after surgery were observed.Results There was no significant difference between groups in anesthesia time,awake time,extubation time,consumption of propofol and remifentanil.Compared with group S,group O had lower VAS score at 2 h after surgery (P<0.05),but with no significant difference at other time points.There was no significant difference at the incidence of moderate pain between group.The incidence of dizziness was 18% in both groups.The incidence of nausea was 11 (11%) in group S and 9 (9%) in group O with no significant difference.Conclusion Taken together,oxycodone hydrochloride used for general anesthesia in breast cancer patient is practicable.

Objective:To study the effect of erythromycin(EM) on cigarette smoke-induced histone deacetylase-3(HDAC3) protein expression in human macrophages in vitro .Methods:The Aqueous cigarette smoke extract ( CSE) was always prepared fresh on the day of the experiment .The U937 monocytic cells were differentiated into macrophages by using phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA) according to standard procedures .The U937 differentiated cells were treated with either CSE (1%) or EM (1 μg/ml) pre-treatment, and HDAC inhibitor trichostatin A (TSA;100 ng/ml) for 24 h.HDAC activity was measured with a colorimetric assay kit and Western blot was used for HDAC3 and factor nuclear-kappaB (NF-κB) protein assays.The levels of tumor necrosis factor-α(TNF-α) release in the supernatant were determined by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Results:CSE(1%) significantly de-creased HDAC activity and HDAC 3 protein levels at 24 h.Preincubation with EM (1μg/ml ) for 24 h significantly inhibit CSE (1%) induced decrease of HDAC3 protein expression.Furthermore, Preincubation with EM(1 μg/ml) for 24 h significantly inhibit NF-κB activity and TNF-αrelease in human macrophages .Conclusion:EM is able to restore HDAC3 levels decreased by cigarette smoke and inhibit NF-κB activity resulting in decreasing CSE-mediated TNF-αrelease, which has shown an important explanation that EM possess the anti-inflammatory effect induced by cigarette smoke .

Objective To evaluate the safety and effective dose of oxycodone hydrochloride in-jection for postoperative analgesia in breast cancer patients undergoing modified radical mastectomy under general anesthesia in a prospective,randomized controlled clinical trial.Methods One hundred fe-male patients at ASAⅠ or Ⅱ,aged 29-69 years,BMI< 30 kg/m2 ,scheduled for elective modified radical mastectomy under general anesthesia,were randomly divided into two groups (n =50):low dose oxycodone hydrochloride injection group (group OL),and high dose oxycodone hydrochloride injection group (group OH).Oxycodone 0.03 mg/kg (group OL)and 0.09 mg/kg (group OH)was intravenous injected 30 mi-nutes before the end of the operation,respectively.Anesthetics usage was terminated when skin was sutured.Pain at rest and during movement was assessed using VAS score at 5 min,0.5,2,4,8,12 and 24 h after extubation of laryngeal mask.Total consumption of analgesic for rescue analgesia in the ward and the adverse events were recorded.Results Compared with group OL,group OH had lower VAS scores,There were significant differences in the VAS scores between groups at 8 and 12 h after surgery (P <0.05).No serious adverse event occurred in each group postoperatively.The most common adverse event was nausea, followed by vomiting and dizziness.There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse event be-tween the two groups.Conclusion 0.09 mg/kg oxycodone hydrochloride injection is safe and effective in re-ducing pain after breast cancer radical operation.

The relationship between thyroid diseases and cerebrovascular diseases is getting increasingly attention. Studies have shown that thyroid diseases are associated with many kinds of cerebrovascular diseases, such as ischemic cerebrovascular disease, moyamoya disease, cerebral venous thrombosis, and artery dissection. This article review the advances in research on the correlation between thyroid diseases and cerebrovascular diseases.

Objective To explore the significance of multiple microelectrode guided technique in determining the sensory?motor area of the sub?thalamic nucleus(STN)in deep brain stimulation(DBS)surgeries. Methods A total of 22 electrophysiological recording data of STNs recorded by multiple microelectrode was retrospectively analyzed ,while another 20 electrophysiological recording data of STNs recorded by a single micro?electrode was recruited as the control group. Results A total of 64 microelectrodes were used in 22 STNs guided by multiple electrophysiological recording electrodes. Sensory or motor activated potentials were recorded in 21 sides(95.5%),while regular discharge was recorded in one side. The average length of typical STN activity on the optimal channel of multiple electrophysiological recording electrodes was 5.58±0.53 mm,and the average length of sensory or motor activated potentials was 3.27±1.54 mm. In contrast,the average length of typical STN activity recorded by single microelectrode was 5.02±1.01 mm. However,sensory or motor activated potentials were recorded in 13 sides(65.0%)with the average length of 1.36±0.98 mm. Among the 22 STNs guided by multiple electrophysiological recording electrodes,the final implanted target was consistent with the initially selected anatomic target in 13 sides(coincidence rate,59.1%). In 9 sides,the electrophysiological target was inconsistent with the initially selected anatomic target. Conclusion STN DBS performed with multiple electrophysiological recording electrodes resulted in better outcomes of recording of the average length of typical STN activity or the average length of sensory or motor activated potentials of STN ,final confirmation of STN sensory motor area and determination of the optimal channel of implantation. Application of multiple electrophysiological recording electrodes provides a premise for the precise electrode placement in STN DBS surgeries.

The adenosine triphosphate (ATP)-binding cassette transporter G1 (ABCG1),a member of the superfamily of ATP-binding cassette transporters,is involved in the efflux of cholesterol and phospholipids from cells,and it maintains the intracellular hpid homeostasis.ABCG1 deficiency results in foam cell formation,endothelial dysfunction,and inflammatory reaction,and it further leads to the development and progression of atherosclerosis.However,the role of ABCG1 in atherosclerosis in animal experiments and human studies is still a debatable matter.In this paper,the recent findings on the role of ABCG1 in atherosclerotic disease are reviewed.