"Microbiological Examination" is an important core course for medical examination technology major with a strong attribute of practicality and operability. A method of "Cooperation between school and hospital" is employed in the teaching of the course. It is based on the standards for medical professional education required by the hospitals, coupled with our teaching program. In the course of teaching, emphasis is laid on the philosophy of work-learn combination, using methods such as the analysis of individual cases to broaden students’ thinking and develop a sound scientific attitude. By way of "training-on-job learn-ing-interning", we can cultivate students’ ability of working with their own hands, as well as that for analyz-ing and solving problems. In this way, our school will be able to provide "talents with medical examination skill that can be put to practical use" for clinical application.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of nitrate pollution and its affecting factors by analysis of the mon i-toring data on ni trate con tent in281specimens of ground water in Haidian District during1990-2000.Methods Nitrate con-tent in the water sam ples and its rela ted factors including area,year and hydrologic period were an alyzed using single factor variance analysis with the STATA4.0statis tic software developed by the Computer Resource Center in USA.Results Among the281specimens collected during1990-2000,nitrate con tent in24specimens were beyond the National Hygienic Standard,substandard rate was8.54%.There was significant difference in the nitrate con tent in the specimens collected from different ar-eas(F=10.02,P0.05).There was no statistically significant difference in the nitrate content of the specimens between low water season and high water season.Hydrologic period was not an influential factor on the changes the nitrate content.Conclusion Regional differ-ence was found in the nitrate pollution levels of water,which indicated that control measures on the nitrate pollution should be taken in some main areas with nitrogen-rich organic substance pollution.

Objective To investigate the cause of urethral stricture after resection of prostate.Methods 16 cases with urethral stricture after TURP or open surgery of benign prostatic hyperplasia from December 2010 to December 2014 were readmitted,and their data were analyzed retrospectively.Results According to their conditions, patients with bladder neck stenosis were treated with bladder neck wedge resection or incision of the bladder,and patients with urethral stricture were treated with urethral dilation or internal urethrotomy.2 cases were still with ure-thral stricture and need further treatment,14 patients were cured.Conclusion Bladder neck contracture and urethral stricture were the most common causes,the appropriate measures should be combined with the cause,thus contributing to early recovery in those patients.

Close relationship exists between normal bacteria flora in intestinal tract of human body with health. Health and outside enviroment conditions must maintain relative equilibrium to keep body healthy.Certain factors might destroy such equilibrium resulting the occurrence of some diseases. Following are general discussion of normal bacteria flora,their relationship with health and how to adjust dysbacteria into normal.

Objective To observe the postoperative analgesia effect of ultrasound-guided trans-versus abdominis plane block (TAP)in patients received lower abdominal surgery.Methods Ninety patients undergoing lower abdominal surgery were randomly divided into group A (received TAP), group B (received patient controlled intravenous analgesia with sulfentanil),and group C (received patient controlled epidural analgesia with sulfentanil and ropivacaine)for postoperative analgeda.All patients received combined spinal and epidural anesthesia.VAS score at postoperative 2,4,8,16 and 24 h,as well as the side effects related to postoperative analgesia,were observed and recorded for each patient.Results Comparing with group A,VAS scores of group B at postoperative 2,4,8,16 and 24 h were obviously higher (P< 0.05);Comparing with group A,VAS score of group C at post-operative 24 h was obviously lower (P< 0.05).Comparing with group A,nausea and vomiting,pru-ritus,and somnolence were more obvious in group B (P < 0.05);nausea and vomiting,sensory and motor abnormality of lower limbs and urinary retention occurred more frequently in group C (P <0.05).Conclusion Ultrasound-guided TAP can effectively relieve postoperative pain 24 hours,and has no obvious side effect in patients received lower abdominal surgery.

Objective To discuss the mechanism,procedures and effect of implantable intrathecal infusion system for intractable pain therapy. Methods Among the 4 patients with intractable pain,2 had cancer pain,2 had failed back syndrome.Before operation,Visual Analogy Scale(VAS) were 8～10.Three had bolus intrathecal injection screening trial,1 had bolus epidural injection screening trial.In the clinical trail,VAS all decreased to 75%～90%.(Results) They all had intrathecal infusion system implantation.After operation,Morphine was prescribed(intrathecally.) The dose was 1～(8 mg).They all had satisfied pain relief without serious drug adverse effects.Conclusion The effect of implantable intrathecal system for intractable pain was satisfied.The drug adverse effects were obviously alleviated.

10% at 24-hour later than the initial value.Conclusion In patients with refractory septic shock who achieved the goal of combiming CVP ≥ 8mmHg,MAP ≥ 65mmHg,SmVO2 ≥ 65% hyperlactemia was ameliorated.Lactate clearance rate can be used as a good marker to predict outcome of septic shock patients.

The bioterrorism-related anthrax, the general situation of anthrax prevalence in China and the latest advances in laboratory diagnosis of Bacillus anthracis were reviewed. The control and prevention measures on anthrax were also introduced and the measures responding to the possible bioterrorism-attack were proposed in this paper.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the curative efficacy of recombinate erythropoietin(r-HuEPO) administered through different route for patients receiving hemodialysis.METHODS: 40 patients undergoing maintenance hemodialysis(MHD) were randomized into subcutaneous injection group and intravenous injection group.The hemoglobin(Hb),hematokrit(Hct) and the adverse effect within 12 weeks were observed.RESULTS: The Hb/Hct level of the two groups increased with the prolonging of treatment,which increased significantly at 8 weeks and 12 weeks as compared with before treatment(P