Objective To investigate the relevant risk factors for,clinical manifestation and treatment responses of symmetric acral keratoderma in 9 patients.Methods Clinical data were collected from 9 outpatients with symmetric acral keratoderma.Skin lesions were photographed,tissue specimens were obtained from the lesions and subjected to fungal and histopathological examinations.The patients were given topical treatment.Results There were 8 males and 1 female in these patients with an average age of 28.2 years and age at onset of 24.6 years.The disease duration varied from 2 months to 16 years.The lesions were predominantly distributed on the dorsum of both hands and wrists symmetrically and circularly.Ankles were the third popular site involved.Generally,the lesions were aggravated in summer,spontaneously cured in winter.Most of the patients had a history of occupational contact with plastics or rubber.Some patients suffered from ichthyosis vulgaris.Microscopic examination for fungal element was negative.Histopathology revealed epidermal hyperkeratosis,acanthosis and mild papillomatosis.The urea and Vitamin E cream mixed with clobetasol propionate cream at a ratio of 1 ∶ 1 proved to be effective.Conclusions Ichthyosis vulgaris may be a risk factor for symmetric acral keratoderma.The whitening of lesions after short exposure to water may be a kind of physical phenomenon with the involvement of water and air.Topical steroids may serve as the first-line treatment choice for symmetric acral keratoderma.

AIM To establish an HPLC method for the simuhaneous content determination of five flavonoids in Duchesnea indica (Andr.) Focke at five picking time (April,May,June,July and August).METHODS The analysis of D.indica methanol extract was performed on a 25 ℃ thermostatic Agilent ZORBAX SB-C18 column (250 mm×4.6 mm,5 μm),the mobile phase comprising of acetointrile-0.1％ methanoic acid flowing at 1.0 mL/min in a gradient elution manner,and the detection wavelength was set at 350 nm.RESULTS Rutin,hyperoside,isoquercitrin,celereoin and kaempferol showed good linear relationships within their own ranges (R2 ≥0.998 6),whose average recoveries were 97.1％-101.5％ with the RSDs of 1.37％-2.37％.The contents of five constituents in samples at different picking time exhibited obvious differences,among which lutin and hyperoside contents were the highest in June,isoquercitrin content was the highest in July,and celereoin and kaempferol contents were the highest in August.CONCLUSION The suitable picking time of D.indica is June and July.

Objective To study the expression of matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in the lung tissues of smoking cessation rat model. Methods Fifty Wistar rats were randomly divided into the normal control rats which were exposed to room air for 4 and 6 months respectively(groups A and C), the smoking rats which were exposed to cigarette smoke for 4 and 6 month respectively(groups B and D), and the smoking cessation group which was exposed to room air for 2 months after 4 months' smoke exposure.The expressions of mRNA and proteins of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the lung tissues were detected by in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry respectively. The collagen Ⅳ expression in the lung tissues was assessed by immunohistochemistry. Results Compared with groups A and C, the expression levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 in the lung tissues of groups B and D significantly elevated(P

Objective To evaluate of red blood cell as giving instruction in whole white blood cell immunological activity by new nature experimental system of hemaimmune reaction rood map. Methods Plasma 0.3ml were added to whole blood cells (including: red blood cell and white blood cells) or white blood cells 0.2ml, and incubated for 1h at 37℃. The content of IL-8 and IL-12 was determined by enzyme linked immunadsorbent assay (ELISA) method. The expression level of CD4, CD8, CD35 and CXCR4 on white blood cells was determined by method of Flow Cytometry. Results The content of IL-8 (5.96?4.26) and IL-12 (9.84?2.23) in whole blood and plasma nature group was significantly lower than that (13.59?3.69?B?pg~ -1 ?ml~ -1 ) and (15.09?9.86?B?pg~ -1 ?ml~ -1 ) in white blood cell and plasma isolation group (P

Objective To study the expression and role of galanin in the hypothalamus of rat with the drug-induced hyperprolactinemia.Methods Hyperprolactinemia was induced by daily intraperitoneal injections 50 mg/kg sulpiride solution.The protein in the hypothalamus of rat was extracted to determine the expression levels of galanin with Western Blot.The expression and colocalization of galanin and dopamine in model and control group were observed with immunofluorescence.Results The model group showed a significant increase of serum prolactin (PRL) level and a significant decrease of serum estradiol (E2) level,as compared to the control group ((15.74±2.49) ng/ml vs (10.25±1.29) ng/ml and (4.24±0.69)pg/ml vs (9.56±3.25) pg/ml,respectively,P＜0.05).Both the expression level of galanin and the number of neurons coexisting with galanin and dopamine were decreased in the hypothalamus of the hyperprolactinemia rat compared with the control group.Western Blot revealed that,compared to the control group,the sulpiride model group had a significant increase of galanin but not TH (0.405±0.112 vs 0.985±0.158,P＜0.05 and 0.871 ± 0.046 vs 0.890±0.054,P＞ 0.05,respectively).Conclusion Galanin expression level has decrease in the hypothalamus of the hyperprolactinemia rat,which contributes to the reduction of dopaminergic neurons.

0.05).Conclusion The results of pharmacokinetic study on salvianolate can guide the clinical trial design and reasonableuse of medicaments in clinic.

Objective To explore the changes and clinical significance of regulatory T cell/T help cell 17 (Th17) in the peripheral blood from patients with dermatomyositis (DM).Methods Thirty-six patients with DM were recruited and thirty-six healthy individuals were enrolled as normal controls.The percentage of regulatory T cell/Th17 cell was assessed by flow cytometry and the mRNA levels of Foxp3/RORγt were detected by real-time quantitative reverse wanscription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR).The plasma levels of TGF-β1/IL-17 were measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).T-test was used for statistical analysis and Pearson's linear analysis were used for correlation analysis.Results The percentage of CD4+ Foxp3+ T cell,the mRNA expression of Foxp3 and the plasma levels of TGF-β1 decreased significantly in patients with DM than in normal controls [(7.2±2.3)％ vs (9.1±3.2)％,(0.44±0.19) vs (0.62±0.25),(37 400±4814) pg/ml vs (41 200±6348) pg/ml,P＜0.05].The percentage of Th17 cell,the mRNA expression of RORγt and the plasma levels of IL-17 increased in patients with DM compared with normal controls [(1.22±0.41)％ vs (0.83±0.14)％,(0.85±0.34) vs (0.61±0.21),(77±32) pg/ml vs (58±20) pg/ml,P＜0.05].There was negative correlation between the percentage of regulatory T cell,the mRNA levels of Foxp3,the plasma levels of TGF-β1 and the serum levels of CK in patients with DM (r=-0.573,-0.593,-0.618,P＜0.05).There was positive correhtion between the percentage of Thl7 cell,the mRNA levels of RORγt,the plasma levels of IL-17 and the serum levels of CK in patients with DM (r=0.582,0.609,0.623,P＜0.05).Conclusion The imbalance of regulatory T cell/Th17 cell may exist in the peripheral blood of patients with DM.Regulatory T cell/Th17 cell may be associated with the pathology of DM.

Objective To study the variables of behavioral function and TUNEL (terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling) figure in Bcl-2 transgenic (TG) mice and control mice after spinal cord injury (SCI), thus to find new ideas and ways for diagnosing and treating SCI. Method The genesis of Bcl-2 overexpression transgenic (TG) mice were produced by injection of Bcl-2 plasmid into the fertilized ova of mice.Nine Bcl-2 TG mice and nine control mice were subjected to SCI of moderate severity at T10, with the use of weight dropping (WD) method (impact force 2.5～3.0 g·cm). Up to 1 day , 7 days, and 14 days after SCI,functional deficits were evaluated with BBB scales, and the apoptosis of neurons was investigated by using TUNEL method. Another three mice of control group were only treated with laminectomy without SCI for comparison. Results The mean functional scores in the control mice were lower than those in the Bcl-2 TG mice, although the unpaired T -test revealed no significant differences. On the other hand, the number of TUNEL positive neurons and IOD(Integrated Optical Density)score in the Bcl-2 TG mice were both significantly lower than those in the control mice. Conclusions This experiment suggests that overexpression of Bcl-2 may suppress neuronal apoptosis after SCI. The Bcl-2 may be an important factor in relieving the damage within CNS after trauma.

Objective To explore the role of matrix metalloproteinase 9(MMP-9)and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1(TIMP-1)in patients with acute exacerbation of severe chronic obstructive pulmonary diseases (AECOPD)treated with glucocorticoids.Methods The serum levels of MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were measured by ELISA in 41 patients with AECOPD before and after treatment with glucocorticoids and in 40 patients with regular methods(control group).Results ①After treatment with glucocorticoids,the serum levels of MMP-9(189.25±52.38)μg/L、TIMP-1(198.38±43.45)μg/L,ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1(0.92±0.37)were decreased significantly than before((246.10±68.64)μg/L,(217.63±62.34)μg/L,(1.09±0.23))(P<0.01,P<0.05,P<0.05);but there were no differences(P>0.05)in regular methods(control group);② After treatment with glucoeorticoids, FEV_1、FEV_1%((0.83±0.35)L,(46±17)%)were impmved than before((0.72±0.48)L,(34±15)%)(P<0.05).Conclusions After treatment with glucocorticoids,the serum levels of MMP-9、TIMP-1、ratio of MMP-9/TIMP-1 from patients with COPD were decreased significandy,and FEV_1、FEV_1%were improved significant;Glucocorticoids can alleviate severs AECOPD to some degrees,which might be related to improving the imbalance of MMP-9/TIMP-1.

Trehalose, a compatible solute, is widely used in food, cosmetics, pharmaceutical products and organ transplantation. Nowadays, trehalose is mostly produced by enzymatic synthesis with many secondary products and lowpurity. In this study, high amount of trehalose was produced by recombinant E. ccli fermentation. First, a bifunctional trehalose gene TPSP was amplified from genome of C. hutchinscoii. Second, an expression vector pTac-HisA containing TPSP was constructed and transformed into the host E. coli. Expression of this bifunctional enzyme-TPSP converted glucose to trehalose. The result suggested that TPSP from C. hutchinsonji has been successfully expressed in E. ccoi. High amount of extracellular trehalose generated from glucose by whole-cell catalysis and After optimization, the production of trehalose in shake flasks was improved to 1.2 g/L and the relative conversion rate reached 21%. The production in bioreactor reached 13.3 g/L and the relative conversion rate reached 48.6%. It is the first time to realize the functional expression of the bifunctional enzyme-TPSP of C. hutchinsonii in E. coli and achieved the conversion form glucose to trehalose. This study laid a foundation for industrial large-scale production of trehalose.
Bioreactors ; Catalysis ; Escherichia coli ; genetics ; Glucose ; Glucosyltransferases ; Industrial Microbiology ; Organisms, Genetically Modified ; Trehalose ; biosynthesis