Chronic kidney disease ( CKD) has become a pandemic.Laboratory assay takes the important role in early diagnosis of CKD.We should develop these assays correctly on the basis of full understanding of CKD and guide clinical use for them in laboratory medicine.

Objective To investigate the prevalence of dyslipidemia,hyperglycemia,hypertension and metabolic syndrome(MS)and compare the prevalence rate of dysilipidemia obtained in this study with the previous study during 1984--1986.Methods A total of 16 344 adults in Beijing who attended for the medical examinations were recruited in the study.Subjects were asked to complete questionnaires regarding personal health,lifestyle and family health history.The physical examination emphasized measurement of height,weight and blood pressure.Blood samples were collected after an overnight fast and subjected to serum glucose,TC,HDL-C,LDL-C and TG measurements.MS was diagnosed according to Diabetes Society of Chinese Medical Association(CDS)criteria.Results Dyslipidemia occurred in 36.9%(6 034)of subjects.948 hyperglycaemia cases were found.The prevalence rate of high blood glucose was 5.8%. Hypertension occurred in 17.1% of subjects.Obesity/Overweight occurred in 5 252 subjects with the prevalence rate of 32.1%.On the basis of the diagnostic criteria for MS in China.MS occurred in 12.2% of subjects(14.2% for males and 10.0% for females).In both genders,the rate increased along with the increment of age.65.5% participants had at least one of the metabolic disorders.The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia,hypertriglyceridemia,and abnormally low HDL-C were higher than previous analysis during 1984-1986 in all age groups.Conclusions The prevalence of MS in this large occupational population in Beijing was quite high. The prevalence of hypeflipemia had increased considerably over the past 20 years.Balanced nutrition and reasonable consumption should be undertaken to modify these situations.

Objective To investigate the role of HMGB 1 in epithelial-mesenchymal transition .Methods Specific siRNA of HMGB1 was designed and synthesized .Cultured typeⅡalveolar epithelial cell line-A549 cells were divided into 4 groups:1)control group, 2)model group induced by TGF-β1, 3)HMGB1 RNAi group, 4)RNAi negative con-trol group .Cellular morphology changes were observed by phase-contrast microscope .HMGB1 andα-SMA expression in A549 cells was detected by RT-PCR and Western blotting respectively .Results mRNA and protein expression of HMGB1 andα-SMA in TGF-β1 group increased significantly than that in control group (P<0.01).HMGB1,α-SMA mRNA and protein expression in siRNA-treated cells decreased significantly as compared with that in TGF -β1 group (P<0.01).Conclusions HMGB1 may be involved in the TGF-β1 induced EMT.

Objective To investigate the level of human cytomegalovirus(HCMV)specific CD8+ T lymphoeytes in peripheral blood and the immune reaponae of HCMV reactivation after kidney transplantation.Methods Thirty-eight HCMV seropesitive HLA-A*0201 kidney transplant recipients(9 with HCMV infection and 29 without HCMV infection)and 54 healthy individuals were enrolled.The levels of total HCMV specific CD8+ T cells were measured using HLA-A2 pentamer folded with HCMV-peptide NLVPMVATV.The levels of IFN-γ secreting CD8+ T cells were measured by intracelluhr IEN-γ staining pulsed with the same peptide.Results The median levels of pentamer stained CD8+ T cells were 1.19%(0-19.42%),1.20%(0-18.40%)and 3.2%(0.51%-18.90%)in healthy group,negative HCMV group and positive HCMV group(H=5.34,P＞0.05),respectively.The median levels of IFN-γ secreting CD8+ T cells were 0.72%(0-0.70%),0.47%(0-5.61%)and 0.67%(0.07%-4.00%),respectively(H=0.58,P＞0.05).However,the mean proportions of IFN-γ secreting pentamer stained T cells relative to total HCMV specifc CIL were(60.18±19.16)%,(39.19±17.22)% and(20.02±13.26)%,respectively.There were significant differences among the groups(P＜0.01).Condusiorm There was no significant difference of levels of HCMV specific CD8+ T lymphocytes in peripheral blood between the kidney transplant recipients and healthy individuals.However,the proportion of HCMV-specific IFN-γ producing CD8+ T cells in pentamer stained cells was reduced in the kidney transplant recipients especially in those with active HCMV infection,which may contribute to the inability to control HCMV reactivation.

Objective To explore the effects of corticosteroids on the recurrence of atrial fibrillation (AF) after radio fre-quency catheter ablation (RFCA ) .Methods A total of 50 patients with paroxysmal AF who underwent RFCA and then treated with corticosteroids from January 2011 to April 2014 were enrolled in this study .At the same period ,37 patients with paroxysmal AF who also underwent RFAC but without corticosteroids treatment were selected as control group .The follow-up was carried out by the fixed physician at 1st week ,1st month ,3rd months ,6th months ,12th months after RFCA through a telephone visit or a hos-pital visit ,including the 12-lead electrocardiogram (ECG) and the HOLTER examination ,symptom of heart-throb inquiry and the interpretation of ECG ,AF recurrence were analyzed and compared between hormone treatment group and control group .Results After 1 week treatment ,the maintenance rates of sinus rhythm in treatment group and control group were 80 .0% and 54 .1% ,re-spectively ,there was statistic difference(P < 0 .05) ,the recurrence of AF in treatment group was significantly decreased ;after 1 month treatment ,the maintenance rates of sinus rhythm in treatment group and control group were 80 .0% and 67 .6% ,respective-ly ,there was no statistic difference(P = 0 .187) ;after 12 months treatment ,the recurrence of AF in treatment group and control group ,was not found statistic significance(P= 0 .711) .Kaplan-Meier survival rate was drew to conduct Log-rank test ,the difference of AF recurrence between the two groups was no statistic significance(P= 0 .711) .Conclusion Transient use of small amounts of corticosteroids after AF ablation may be effective for preventing AF recurrences within 1 week after ablation but it is not effective for preventing AF recurrences at 1st month and 12th months after ablation .

Objective Curcumin and MS-275,an inhibitor of histone deacetylase (HDAC),are promising anti-tumor agents. The aim of present study was to investigate the mechanisms of apoptosis induced by combined use of MS-275 in low dosage and curcumin in prostate cancer cell line DU145. Methods MTT assay was used to evaluate the lethal effect on DU145 cells by solitary use of MS-275 and or combined with curcumin. The changes in cell life cycle was detected by flow cytometry. The expressions of the survival signaling pathways were determined by Western blotting. Results Solitary application of MS-275 or curcumin may inhibit the growth of DU145 cells in a time and dose-dependent manner. The combination of MS-275 (1?mol/L) and curcumin (20?mol/L) exhibited obvious cytotoxic effect on cell viability,which was only 45.9% 48h after the combined treatment. Cell cycle assay showed that the combination of MS-275 and curcumin resulted in obvious appearance of sub-G1 phase in DU145 cells,implying that the cell apoptosis had been induced. The results of Western blotting showed that after treatment of MS-275 or curcumin singly,the phosphorylation level of Akt and ERK kinase declined slightly,however,when MS-275 and curcumin were used together,there appeared a prominent inhibitory effect on Akt and ERK kinase,indicated by a sharp decline of their phosphorylation level,and at the same time,the level of cleaved PARP,a hallmark of apoptosis,was increased in DU145 cells. Conclusion Combined use of MS-275 and curcumin may exert a synergistic cytotoxic effect on the viability of DU145 cells,and exhibit an inhibitory activity on Akt and ERK kinases to induce apoptosis.

Objective To use tetraploid embryo complementation combined with gene transfer to produce genetically modified embryonic stem cells (EsCs) clones. Methods In this study, EGFP was introduced into ESCs by electroporation, and transfected positive cells were selected by G418 resistance. The tetraploid embryos were obtained from diploid blastomere electrofusion which preformed at 2-cell stage. Afterwards, 19-21 EGFP-ESCs were inserted into each tetraploid blastocyst cavity by piezo drilled microinjection,then the injected blastocysts were transferred into the uterus of pseudo-pregnancy at 2.5-day or the oviduct of 0.5-day female mice. Results The transfected ESCs maintained normal karyotype even after long-term passage (2n=40). The rate of fusion was 95.07%, and the developmental rate of tetraploid blastocyst was 95%.Totally 410 injected blastocysts were obtained. Unfortunately, we have not got any vital offsprings, except 151 implantation sites (pseudo-pregnancy 2.5 days:29.41%;the oviduct of half one day:64.37%). Furthermore, scattered EGFP expressions in transgenic fetus were observed under invert fluorescent microscope. Conclusion The transfected ESCs were observed in transgenic fetus, and the implantation rate in oviduct was higher than that in uterine.

Objective To analyze the characteristics of TCM syndromes of children abnormal sweating;To investigate the correlation between diseases and primary and secondary syndromes. Methods Through a multi-center epidemiology investigation, 400 cases were collected to statistically analyze the five TCM syndromes of children abnormal sweating, and characteristics of each syndrome were analyzed. Results In the 400 cases of children abnormal sweating, there were 129 cases (32.25%) of dysfunction of lung-wei pattern, 50 cases (12.50%) of nutrient qi and defensive qi discordance, 84 cases (21.00%) of qi and yin deficiency pattern, 57 cases (14.25%) of dampness heat forced steamed pattern, and 80 cases (20.00%) of qi and yang deficiency pattern. Spontaneous sweating and night sweating were found in the four patterns besides qi and yin deficiency pattern, and night sweating can be mainly found in qi and yin deficiency. Each type is consistent in the syndrome differentiation and cluster analysis. Conclusion Spontaneous sweating and night sweating, each has the certification of yin and yang. Spontaneous sweating can be caused by yin deficiency while night sweating can be caused by yang deficiency. Each pattern of children abnormal sweating has its own syndrome characteristic, which can provide the basis for clinical diagnosis and treatment.

Objective To investigate the characteristics of quality of life (QoL) and self-awareness in girls with idiopathic central precocious puberty (ICPP) and the correlation between QoL and the self-awareness.Methods The inventory of subjective life quality (ISLQ) and Children's self-concept scale (PHCSS) were employed to evaluate the level of QoL and self-awareness in 24 ICPP girls with ICPP (ICPP group) and 24 normal control girls (control group),and the correlation analysis between QoL and the self-awareness in the ICPP group was made.Results The score of overall (70.85±14.11 vs 80.21±6.07) and emotion component satisfaction (62.61± 12.91 vs 73.74±5.02),dimensions satisfaction on school life (5.80± 1.44 vs 6.69±0.65),depression experience (6.55± 1.14 vs 7.29±0.45),anxiety experience (5.93± 1.35 vs 6.96±0.82) and physical emotion (6.33±1.17 vs 7.12±0.83) in ICPP group was respectively lower than control group (P＜0.05).There was no difference in cognitive component between control group and ICPP group,as well as for other dimension satisfaction.Moreover,the score in total self-awareness,physical appearance and anxiety in ICPP group was respectively lower than those in control group (P＜0.05).In addition,a positive correlation was found between the subjective QoL and the children self-concept in ICPP group (P＜0.01).Conclusion The girls with ICPP show a lower subjective QoL and self assessment than normal girls.It is important to take care of the psychological feature of the girls with ICPP to improve the self-assessment and overall QoL during the medication.

Objective To investigate the clinical efficacy of acupuncture plus TDP in treating stageⅡ-Ⅲ pressure sore.Methods Thirty-three patients with pressure sore meeting the inclusion criteria were randomly allocated to treatment and control groups, 17 cases each. Both groups were first given routine clean care. The control group received routine surgical asepsis dressing change and the treatment group, fire needling, surrounding electroacupuncture and TDP irradiation to the affected part. The pressure sore area was observed and the PUSH score was recorded in the two groups before and after treatment. The clinical therapeutic effects were compared between the two groups of patients. Results The total efficacy rate was 88.0% in the treatment group and 71.0% in the control group; there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). The total efficacy rate was 88.0% in the treatment group and 71.0% in the control group; there was no statistically significant difference between the two groups (P>0.05). The cure and marked efficacy rate was 58.8% in the treatment group and 23.5% in the control group; there was a statistically significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). There was a statistically significant pre-/post- treatment difference in the pressure sore area in the two groups at one, two and three weeks after treatment (allP<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the pressure sore area between the two groups at two and three weeksafter treatment (bothP<0.05). There was a statistically significant pre-/post-treatment difference in the PUSH score in the two groups at two and three weeks after treatment (bothP<0.05). There was a statistically significant difference in the PUSH score between the two groups at three weeks after treatment (P<0.01).Conclusions Acupuncture plus TDP can markedly relieve the clinical symptoms and accelerate the sore healing in treating stageⅡ-Ⅲ pressure sore.