The X-ray computed tomography (CT) appearance of 4 cases with pulmonary cryptococcosis (PC) diagnosed by pathological examination in our hospital was retrospectively analyzed. The appearances of PC on CT were various: solitary lesion in 1 case, multiple lesions in single lobe in 2, and multiple lesions in multiple lobes in 1. There were total 52 lesions in 4 cases; the diameter of nodules or masses was 3 - 75 mm. Cavitations were found in 1 case; lesions appeared obviously enhanced and one lesion showed central necrosis. Two cases underwent pulmonary lobectomy; and 2 cases received core cutting needle biopsies, after antifungal therapy for 3 months to 1 year the lesions showed being absorbed. In summary, the CT appearance of PC is non-specific with various modes and forms. PC should be considered when multiple nodules or masses scattered in subpleural zone, accompanied with ground-glass opacity and obviously enhanced. The examination of pathogen and pathology at the beginning is crucial for improving diagnostic accuracy.

Objective To study the CT and MRI features of peripheral primitive neuroectodermal tumor(PNET).Methods CT and MRI appearances of 10 patients with PNET pathologically proved were analyzed retrospectively.All cases underwent CT scan and 2 cases underwent MR imaging examination.There were 5 men and 5 women,the age ranged from 11 years to 54 years old(mean 24 years).Results The tumors were located in the chest wall(n=4),abdomen and sinus(n=2,each),cervical vertebra and humerus(n=1,each).The lesions in the chest wall and abdomen appeared as larger masses(5~16 cm in diameter).The masses were circular and lobulated with heterogeneous density and in company with bone destruction or periosteal reaction.The solid masses were enhanced after contrast medium administration.The lesions in the sinus showed the soft tissue mass with bone erosion.The lesions in bone demonstrated local iso-intensity on T1WI,hyper-intensity on FSE T2WI and on FATSAT T2WI.There were distant metastasis in 3 cases.Conclusion The clinical and imaging features of pPNET in chest wall were more specific than in other locations.CT and MRI can showed intra-tumor structure,and are helpful in delineated the extent of tumor,predicting resectability and monitoring treatment.

Objective To evaluate the clinical value of dual-energy CT in the detection of monosodium urate crystals in patients with gout.Methods One hundred and eight patients who experienced unilateral arthrocele and (or) joint pain in the past two weeks were enrolled into our study.DECT were performed for the upper or lower extremity.Ninety-five patients were enrolled into the gout study group based on the American rheumatism association (ACR) classification standard;The 0.3 linear blended images group were regarded as conventional CT group,DE (80 kV and 140 kV) datasets were reconstructed via gout-recognition software,the pseudo-color images group as the postprocessed group.Imagings were reviewed independently by two senior radiologists.Chi-square test were used for statistical analysis with the SPSS 13.0software.Results In the conventional CT group,DECT scans revealed a total of 298 areas of urate deposition in 51 patients;The sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy were 53.7％,84.6％,and 57.4％.In the postprocessed group,401 areas of green urate deposition were detected in 69 patients,the sensitivity,specificity,and accuracy were 72.6％,100.0％,75.9％ respectively,the differences had statistical significance (x2 =7.329 and 8.333,P ＜ 0.05).Conclusions DECT gout recognition technology can detect smaller amount of monosodium urate in the other parts of the body,with a great potential in early diagnosis and treatment monitoring of patients with gout.

Objective To evaluate the CT features of the uncommon neoplasms of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity and related differentiate diagnosis.Methods CT manifestation of 26 cases with uncommon neoplasm of the paranasal sinuses and nasal cavity confirmed by histopathology were retrospectively analyzed and compared with 9 cases of common malignant neoplasm. Results All cases had soft-tissue mass with sinusitis in most cases (27/35).In benign group, 7 cases appeared as common benign tumor except for the hemangioma with marked enhancement and meningioma with calcification . In the malignant group, melanoma was small in volume and malignant granuloma was in infiltrative growth .The others had common appearances of malignancies.Conclusion CT signs are not characteristic in most cases compared with the common neoplasms. Surface configuration, bony change and circumstances are the main considerations in differentiate diagnosis and should be related to clinical and pathological materials..

Objective To explore the imaging characteristics of hepatic primary leiomyoma.Methods The CT and MR imaging findings of three pathologically proven primary leiomyoma of the liver were analyzed,and the correlation between the imaging features and pathological results was analyzed.Two patients underwent CT scanning.Two patients underwent MRI.Results The lesions appeared hypodense in CT images,and with elongated T_1 time and elongated T_2 time in MRI.One lesion was homogenous both in CT and MRI,with significant homogenous enhancement.The other two lesions were inhomogeneous,with inhomogeneous enhancement in one lesion.All the three lesions had the sign of pseudocapsule.Neither hepatic cirrhosis nor venous tumor emboli were present.Pathological examination showed proliferation of spindle- shaped neoplastic cells and hyperplasia of capillary.One tumor had central hyalinization and another tumor had central necrosis.Conclusion Primary leiomyoma of the liver is one kind of hypervascular tumors with pseudocapsule.CT and MR can provide helpful information to the diagnosis.

Objective To analyze the features of intracrayze the features of intracranial cystic diseases on ~1H MRS,and to evaluate the applicable value of ~1H MRS.Methods Fifty-two patients were examinated by single voxel ~1H MRS,included Ⅰ-Ⅱ graded astrocytomas(n=8),glioblastomas(n=9),metastasis(n=13),brain abscesses(n=10),epidermoids(n=4),anachnoid cysts(n=5),brain Cysticerciasis(n=3).Results(1)There was only Lac in Ⅰ-Ⅱ graded astrocytomas.But in glioblastomas,as were as all showed Lac,4 cases showed low Cho and NAA and 2 cases Lip.(2) In(13 metastasis) patients,7 cases only presented Lac,6 cases showed Cho,3 cases showed low NAA and(6 ones) Lip.(3) In brain abscesses,all showed Lac,9 cases displayed AA,6 cases showed Ace,5 cases appeared Suc and Ala,2 cases had Lip.(4) Four cases of epidermoid showed Lac,one showed Lip.In(4 arachnoid) cysts,2 cases had low Lac,one showed Lip.Three cases of cysticerciasis showed Lac,Ace,Suc,Ala and no AA,Cho,NAA.Conclusion Lac is the most common resonance peak on ~1H MRS in intracranial cystic diseases and for no diagnostic specificity.AA combined Ace,Suc,and Ala are highly specificity for brain abscess.Ace,Suc and Ala appearance cues the the possible existence of cysticerciasis.~1H MRS is helpful for the qualitative diagnosis of intracranial disease.

ObjecfiveTo investigate clinical features and imaging manifestation in patients with posterior reversible eneephalopathy syndrome (PRES) to improve its recognition.MethodsSix patients with PRES were enrolled,four women with history of end-stage renal disease,kidney transplantation,eclampsia,or systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and two men with history of chemotherapy or hypertension.All of them underwent multi-serial MR imaging (T1 WI,T2 WI,FLAIR) and post-contrast T1 WI.Three cases also underwent CT scan and gadolinium enhancement. ResultsAll the six cases of PRES had different inducing causes such as acute hypertension,preeclampsia or eclampsia, taking immunosuppressive agents or steroids.and their clinical symptoms were characterized by sudden occurrence of headache,eclampsia or seizure of epilepsy,altered melltal status,visual disturbances.Clinical symptoms were died out in about one week after prompt and appropriate treatments for high blood pressure.or removal of precipitating factors,or treatment for epileptic seizures or status epilepticus.MRI and CT scanning demonstrated multifocal subcortical white lesions in bilateral parieto-occipital lobes (six cases), bilateralfrontal lobes (two cases),bilateral post temporal lobes (two cases) and left cerebellum (one cases).and cortical involvement (two cases).All lesions appeared unenhanced with gadolinium enhancement. FoHow-up by MRI showed decreased abnormal signs and small infarct foci were left in the cortex-subeortex of one case.ConclusionsPRES is a clinico-neuroradiologieal transient condition, usually benign and reversible in nature.Completely clinical and radiographic recovery Can be achieved with prompt antihypertensive treatment or removal of precipitating factors and supportive care,but delayed diagnosis and therapy Can result in cerebral infarct with neurological sequelae.

Objective To analyze the DWI characteristics of intracranial epidermoid cyst (ECs),and to evaluate “T2 shine-through” effect. Methods There were 15 cases of ECs confirmed by pathology, in which 3 cases had the residual tumor after surgery. The ADC value was measured in ECs,deep white matter and CSF,and the comparison was made between DWI and FLAIR in showing the tumors. Results (1) The lesions in 15 cases were high intensity on DWI, their ADC value was from 0.80?10 -3mm2/s to 1.23?10 -3mm2/s, the average was (1.05?0.14)?10 -3mm2/s. But the ADC value of deep white matter was from 0.74?10 -3mm2/s to 1.09?10 -3mm2/s, the mean was (0.88?0.09)?10 -3mm2/s. The ADC value of CSF was from 2.98?10 -3mm2/s to 3.78?10 -3mm2/s,the mean was (3.31?0.21)?10 -3mm2/s. The ADC value of ECs was significant lower than that of CSF ( P

Objective To analyze the imaging characteristics of gastric lipoma.Methods The clinical appearances and imaging characteristics such as size,margin,density or intensity,ulceration and so on of gastric lipomas in 13 cases were retrospectively analysed.Results 13 gastric lipomas were all solitary and intracavitary growth,origined from submucosal of every part of stomach.6 gastric lipomas showed submucosal filling defect and soft gastric wall,3 cases with ulcer presenting "bull eye sign" on barium meal.8 gastric lipomas on CT showed variable-size round or oval low-density masses with-50~-120 HU CT value.2 gastric lipomas on MRI were high intensity on T1/T2WI and low intensity on fat supression T2WI.Conclusion X-ray,CT and MRI are of respective value in diagnosing the gastric lipoma.

Clinical data and manifestations on muhi-slice spiral CT (MSCT) of 11 patients with disseminated peritoneal adenomucinosis (DPAM) were retrospectively reviewed.The CT manifestations were also compared with surgical and histopathological findings.MSCT findings showed a large amount of gel-like ascites in 9 cases and local cystic masses in 2 cases.Among 9 cases with a large amount ascites,abdominal multiple cystic masses were shown in 5 case,and infiltration of the greater omentum and mesentery in 5 cases.Hepatic scalloping was found in 6 cases ; parenchymal invasion of the liver or spleen were showed in 5 cases; calcification of the cystic masses in 5 cases.Ovary mueinous cystadenoma was presented in 3 female patients.Enlarged lymph nodes and omental cake were not found in all cases.The results indicate that the characteristic MSCT manifestations of DPAM include diffuse gel-like ascites,multiple cystic masses with or without calcification,hepatic scalloping and parenchyma invasion.