Objective To investigate the expression of FoxP3 in nasopharyngeal non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma and the significance of regulationary T (Treg) cell in the occurrence and development of nasopharyngeal carcinoma .Methods The im-munohistochemistry staining method(SP) was used to detect the expression of FoxP3 in 57 cases of nasopharyngeal non-keratiniz-ing squamous cell carcinoma and 22 cases of nasopharyngeal mucosa with chronic inflammation ,and the expression of CD8 in naso-pharyngeal carcinoma .Results The number of Treg cell with positive FoxP3 in the nasopharyngeal carcinoma group was 105 .05 ± 52 .22 ,which was significantly higher than 6 .35 ± 6 .06 in the nasopharyngeal mucosa with chronic inflammation ,the difference be-tween them showed statistical significance(P<0 .05) .The number of T cells with positive FoxP3 was relevant to gender and the differentiation degree of carcinoma(P<0 .05) .Conclusion The proliferation of Treg cells with positive FoxP3 can inhibit the anti-tumor immunologic function of the patients with nasopharyngeal non-keratinizing squamous cell carcinoma and provide the favor-able environment for the immunologic escape of tumor cells .

The study on attitudes towards people with disabilities is one focus of special education, rehabilitation psychology and rehabilitation counseling. This article reviewed the measurement methods of the attitude towards people with disabilities from directed methods and indirect methods, and their limitation and future research tendency in this field were prospected.

To explore the accuracy of simple selection method of Fengshi (GB 31). Through the study of the ancient and modern data,the analysis and integration of the acupuncture books,the comparison of the locations of Fengshi (GB 31) by doctors from all dynasties and the integration of modern anatomia, the modern simple selection method of Fengshi (GB 31) is definite, which is the same as the traditional way. It is believed that the simple selec tion method is in accord with the human-oriented thought of TCM. Treatment by acupoints should be based on the emerging nature and the individual difference of patients. Also, it is proposed that Fengshi (GB 31) should be located through the integration between the simple method and body surface anatomical mark.
Acupuncture Points ; Acupuncture Therapy ; history ; methods ; China ; History, Ancient ; Humans ; Medicine in Literature ; Meridians

Abstract: Objective　To understand the characteristics of drug resistance and molecular transmission network of HIV/AIDS patients aged 50 years and above in Zhaotong City, Yunnan Province, from 2020 to 2022, who have failed antiretroviral therapy (plasma viral load≥1 000 copies/mL). Methods　The demographic data of HIV/AIDS patients aged 50 years and above with failed antiviral therapy in Zhaotong City from 2020 to 2022 were collected through the antiviral therapy database of Yunnan Province. The plasma of the patients was collected, and the HIV pol gene protease and reverse transcriptase regions were amplified by reverse transcriptase chain reaction, the fragments were spliced using ContigExpress, the sequences were determined, and drug resistance mutations were analyzed using the HIVdb database of Stanford University. Pairwise genetic distances between sequences were calculated using the HyPhy 2.2.4 software with the TN93 model, and a threshold of 1.7% was used to construct the HIV molecular network. Cytoscape 3.7.0 was used to visualize the network. Results　A total of 480 HIV/AIDS cases were included, with 417 positive amplifications of plasma samples. Among these, 196 cases were drug-resistant, resulting in a total drug resistance rate of 47.0%. The highest resistance rate was observed in NNRTIs at 45.6% (190/417), followed by NRTIs at 14.4% (60/417), and PIs at a lower rate of 0.2% (1/417). In NNRTIs resistance mutation sites, K103N/E/S mutation sites were dominant, with a mutation rate of 33.3% (139/417). Among the NRTIs resistance mutation sites, M184V/I mutation site was the main one, with a mutation rate of 13.9% (58/417). The mutation rate of PIs resistance sites was relatively lower, at 0.2% (1/417). Through the construction of the molecular transmission network, 88 patients entered the molecular transmission network, with an access rate of 21.1%, forming 21 transmission clusters, among which CRF01_AE formed a large cluster including 37 individuals. Conclusions　Compared with studies in other regions of Yunnan Province, the drug resistance rate among the elderly population with antiretroviral therapy failure in this study in Zhaotong City has decreased, and URFs have become the main subtype, suggesting that the transmission relationships among the elderly in Zhaotong City are gradually complicated. Through the construction of a molecular network, it is suggested that CRF01_AE and married or partnered males have the highest network access rate. Interventions should be strengthened among key populations, and diversified efforts in HIV/AIDS prevention and treatment for the elderly should be developed.

Objective To establish a simple ,stable acute liver injury model induced by CCl4 to observe effects of hepatocyte transplantation .Methods CCl4 plant oil with different concentration of 20% and 50% was used in mice by intraperitoneal injection , of which the dose was 2 mL/kg ,and then materials were taken at different time points respectively .Mice survival rate ,alanine amin-otransferase (ALT) ,aspartate aminotransferase (AST) and the pathological changes of the liver were detected .Results Mice sur-vival rate in 20% CCl4 intraperitoneal injection was significantly higher than that of 50% .ALT and AST in experiment group were significantly higher than that of control group ,but there was no significant difference between two experimental groups .Pathologi-cal examination showed that mice liver cells showed typical cytoplasmic ,ballooning ,scattered punctate ,piecemeal necrosis and in-flammatory cell infiltration in 20% CCl4 intraperitoneal injection ;while in 50% CCl4 ,there was obvious fibrosis ,in addition to the mentioned heavier lesions .Conclusion 20% -50% CCl4 intraperitoneal injection in 2 mL/kg dose can induce different degrees of relatively stable liver injury ,and its concentration determines the degree of liver injury .Acute liver injury induced by 20% -50%CCl4 was an ideal model for hepatocyte transplantation experiment .

To study the correlation between traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) syndrome type and the ultrasound imaging changes in patients with limb lymphedema, and to provide evidence for TCM syndrome differentiation.

Objective To investigate the changes in the expression of Nogo-A protein in the dorsal root ganglion (DRG) and spinal dorsal horn in a rat model of neuropathic pain (NP) .Methods Seventy-two male SD rats weighing 250-300 g were randomly divided into 3 groups ( n = 24 each) : control group (group C) , sham operation group (group S) and NP group. NP was induced by ligation and severance of tibial and common fibular nerves according to the technique described by Isabelle et al. The mechanical withdrawal threshold (MWT) to von Frey filament stimulation was measured at 1, 7, 14 and 21 days after ligation. Six rats in each group were randomly selected at each time point and sacrificed (3 for determination of Nogo-A protein expression by immunofluorescence, 3 for determination of Nogo-A protein expression by Western blot) . The L5 DRG and L4,5 segment of spinal cord on the injured side were removed for determination of Nogo-A protein expression by immunofluorescence and Western blot. Results Compared with the groups C and S, MWT was significantly decreased at 7, 14 and 21 days after ligation, the expression of Nogo-A protein in the DRG was down-regulated at 7 and 14 days after ligation and the expression of Nogo-A protein in the spinal dorsal horn was up-regulated at 14 and 21 days after ligation ( P ＜0.05) .Conclusion The Nogo-A protein in the DRG and spinal dorsal horn may play an important role in peripheral nerve injury-induced NP in rats.

AIM: To compare the effects, adverse reactions and emotion change of venlafaxine vs furazolidone for harmful alcoholics.　METHODS: Sixty-eight patients with harmful alcoholics were divided into two groups. Thirty-four patients (M34; age 37 a± s 6 a) were treated with venlafaxine, 25-50 mg, po, tid, for 8 wk. The other thirty-four patients (M34;age 38 a±6 a) with furzolidone, 0.1-0.2 g, po, tid, for 8 wk, with drinking alcohol at regular intervals during treating with furazolidone.　RESULTS: The total effective rate was 79% in venlafaxine group at 3 mo. There were no obvious adverse reactions, the anxiety disorder and depressive disorder during treating with venlafaxine. And the total effective rate was 65% in furazolidone group (P<0.05). There were obvious adverse reactions such as hypotension, myocardial ischemia, anxiety disorder and depressive disorder after treating with furazolidone.　CONCLUSION: Adverse reaction of venlafaxine on harmful alcoholics is smaller than furazolidone and the effect of venlafaxine on alcoholics is better than furazolidone.

Objective To compare the changes in nitric oxide (NO), total ability of anti-oxidize antioxidase, superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathion peroxidase (GSH-PX), catalase (CAT) and maleic dialdehyde(MDA) in rats after single and accumulative 60Co γ-irradiation . Methods 48 rats were randomly divided into two groups of single and accumulative irradiation. Each group was irradiated by 60Co gamma-rays. The total irradiation doses were 0.4, 0.8, 1.6, 3.2 and 6.4 Gy, respectively in each group. The NO, total ability of anti-oxidize antioxidaze, SOD, GSH-PX, CAT and MDA in serum were measured at day 1 after last irradiation. Results Compared with the single irradiation group, the NO (52.6-117.9 μmol/ml), total ability of anti-oxidize antioxidaze (3.3-26.2 U/ml), the antioxidase activity of the SOD (26.3-167.5 U/ml), GSH-PX (740.8-2462.4 U/ml), CAT (3.3-29.4 U/ml) and the content of MDA(29.3-155.1 nmol/ml) of mt serum in accumulative irradiation group were increased after irradiation, which was related with the accumulative irradiation dose. For instance, total ability of anti-oxidize antioxidase (26.2 U/ml), antioxidase activity of the SOD (167.5 U/ml) and CAT (29.4 U/ml) in 0.4 Gy group of accumulative irradiation were significandy increased when compared with those of control group. However, the content of MDA in accumulative irradiation group was obviously higher than that in single radiation group when the irradiation doses delivered over 3.2 Gy, which might be correlated with higher antioxidase activity. Conclusions Low dose of accumulative gamma-rays irradiation can induce the stimulative effect of antioxidase activity. However, higher dose of accumulative gamma-rays irradiation can damage the activity of antioxidase.

Objective To observe the effects of T-lymphocyte function subsets,IL-4 and IFN-γ cell factor in different dose and stage after irradiation.Methoda The C57BL/6j mice were divided into shammed irradiation group and model groups.The radiation hurt model was induced by 60Co gamma rays(0.7,1.4,2.8 and 5.6 Gy).The changes of T-lymphocyte subsets CD3,CD4,CD8,IL-4 and IFN-γ in spleen cells were analyzed by flow cytometry in acute injury stage and recovery stage after irradiation.Results The lymphocyte subsets CD3 +,CD4+ and CD8 + decreased after irradiation,which were related to the irradiation dose.At 1 day after irradiation,the decreasing level of IFN-γ was higher than that of IL-4.When irradiation dose was over 2.8 Gy,IL-4 / IFN-γ showed a markedly increased compared with control group.At 25 days after irradiation,CD3 +,CD4+,CD8 +,CD4 +/CD8 +,IL-4 and IFN-γ recovered obviously,but they did not recover to the normal level of shammed irradiation group.Conclusions The depression of mouse immune function induced by γ-irradiation might be caused by changes of CD3,CD4,CD8 and CD4/CD8 ratio,especially the imbalance of IL4 and IFN-γ.