Cytokines involve in many diseases. It' s reported that reduction or increase of cytokines is an important factor to lead to immunological diseases in nervous system. Other studies have found that certain cytokines in the different stages of the same disease play a different role. Understanding the specific mechanisms of cytokines in autoimmune diseases of the nervous system is necessary for providing theoretical basis of new ways to treat these diseases. This article will review the progress of some main cytokines in nervous systemic immunological diseases.

The incidence of carotid stenosis disease increases with age,and it is one of the major causes of ischemic stroke.In recent years,with the rapid development of endovascular treatment technology,the therapeutic means,including carotid angioplasty and stenting,has been widely carried out both at home and abroad.This article reviews the advances in endovascular treatment of carotid stenosis.

Objective To introduce the recent studies about the lymph node-targeted chemotherapy for gastric carcinoma. Methods The literatures on the lymph node-targeted chemotherapy for gastric carcinoma in recent years were collected and reviewed. Results The lymph node-targeted chemotherapy for gastric carcinoma was effective because it couled improve the drug concentrations in regional lymph node. Conclusion As a part of multiple treatments for gastric carcinoma, lymph node-targeted chemotherapy will be further developed.

Objective To observe the effect and study intervenient action of Kuijieling Granules (KG) in treating ulcerative colitis (UC) during the active period by the clinical experiment. Methods The patients of active UC (damp-heat syndrome) were randomly divided into 2 groups (KG+SASP group and SASP group) to observe pathological changes of the mucosa,syndrome effect and main symptoms scores,and the protein expression of TLR4,CD14 and NF-?B p65 were detected by immunohistochemistry. Results KG+SASP group had better effect than SASP group in syndrome and mucosa (P0.05). There were outstanding differences among the pathologic grade of UC about IA of TLR4,CD14 and NF-?B p65. The expression of TLR4,CD14 and NF-?B p65 were decreased by treatment (P

Objective To establish the animal model of damp-heat syndrome(DHS) and explore the expression of aquaporin(AQP) 3,4 gene in gastric mucosa.Methods Thirty SD rats were randomized into 3 groups and observed for 20 days.Group A(normal group,NG) was fed with routine method.Group B(Pi deficiency syndrome group,PDS) was fed alternatively with routine method and aqua of cassia angustifolia Vahl.Group C(DHS) was fed with fat,honey liquid and treated with damp-heat environment.The expression of AQP 3,4 gene in the 3 groups were determined by fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction(FQ-PCR).Results The symptoms and signs in Group C were simiar to the clinical DHS.Expression of AQP3 gene in DHS was statistically significant higher than that in PDS and NG(P

Objective To investigate the inhibitory effect of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitor celecoxib alone and in combination with somatostatin (SST) analog octreotide on human gastric cancer. Methods Fifty one gastric cancer patients were randomly divided into 3 groups. The patients in control group(n=15)took no medicine before gastric cancer resection. Celecoxib group(n=18)patients took celecoxib orally 0.2 g/d for 7 days before surgery. Combination group(n=18) patients took celecoxib orally 0.2 g/d and were injected octreotide 100 ?g/d subcutaneously for 7 days before surgery. The resected specimens were examined histologically, including status of tumor necrosis, inflammatory cells infiltration and fibrous tissue proliferation. The microvessel density (MVD) and the expression of COX-2 in gastric cancer were evaluated by immunohistochemical methods. The apoptosis of tumor cells was measured by terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferse-mediated-dUTP nick end labeling. The expression of somatostatin receptor (SSTR) -1,SSTR-2 and SSTR-3 mRNA in gastric cancer tissue obtained by biopsy in all patients were detected by using real time fluorescence quantitative RT-PCR. Results Compared with control group, gastric cancer tissue necrosis increased significantly(P

Objective To observe the effects and mechanism of pretreatment in rats with prostaglandin E1 on liver after hemorrhagic shock and resuscitation(HSR).Method In total,32 male SD rats were randomly(random number)divided into four groups(n=8):group A(sham group),group B(shock group),group C(HSR group)and group D(Lipo-PGEl+HSR).In group B,rats were sacrificed 90 min after shock,and in group C,rats were anesthetized and then subjected to hemorrhagic shock followed by resuscitation.In group D,rats were pretreated with Lipo-PGEI one hour before HSR.Liver function,NO and ET.1 were measured,and pathological changes of liver tissue in each group were observed,and the expres8ions of iNOS and ET.1 of liver tissue were measured by using immunohistochemistry 6 hours after HSR.Data were analyzed by analysis of variance,and P<0.05 was considered as significantly different in statitistics.Results The levels of liver iNOS and ET-I increased in HSR group compared with shock group [(O.225±0.080)vs.(0.082±0.021)and(0.292±0.047)vs.(0.082±0.035),P<0.05].Pretreatment with Lipo-PGEl markedly reduced the damage of Liver function,and lowered the levels of NO and ET-I.which were consistent with decrease in iNOS and ET-16 hours after HSR[(0.116±0.034)vs.(0.225±0.080)and(0.198±0.041)vs.(0.292±0.047),P<0.05].Conclusions Pretreatment with Lipo-PGEl could reduce liver injury after HSR.The mechanisms might be attributed to inhibiting iNOS and ET-1,regulating the balance of NO/ET-I.

[Objective] To study the relationship between syndrome patterns of traditional Chinese medicine and bcl- 2 oncogene, p53 suppression gene mRNA expressions in precancerous lesions of gastric cancer (PIGC). [Methods] Forty PLGC cases were endoscopically and pathologically confinned, including 24 cases of moderate dysplasia of gastric mucosa, 9 cases of severe dysplasia, 7 cases of incomplete colonic intestinal metaplasia. Of the 40 cases, 10 were complicated with Qi stagnation, 12 with stomach-heat, and 18 with blood stasis, mRNA expression of bcl- 2 oncogene and p53 suppression gene were detected in situ by molecular hybridization method. [Results] The mRNA overexpression of bcl- 2 oncogene and p53 suppression gene were found in PLGC, and the expression was gradually increased with the progress of lesions. In the complicated cases, the mRNA expression of bcl- 2 oncogene and p53 suppression gene were the least in the cases with Qi stagnation and less in the cases with stomach- heat than in the cases with blood stasis. [Conclusion] Abnormal mRNA expression of bcl- 2 oncogene and p53 suppression gene were found in PLGC cases and related with different complicated cases, indicating the specificity of different syndrome patterns.

Objective: To investigate the effects and mechanism of microscrew implant anchorage (MIA) in speeding up the closure of extraction space by one step and retraction of anterior teeth. Methods: Twenty-three patients with teeth extraction and required strong posterior anchorage were treated with MIA to close the extraction space. The extraction spaces were closed by two methods respectively. The extraction spaces were closed by the method of one step and retraction of anterior teeth(Ni-Ti spring from MIA to the hook on the wire combined with the elastic pull from MIA to cuspid) on the experiment sides and by the traditional one step method(Ni-Ti spring from MIA to the hook on the wire alone) on the control sides. Which side treated as trial side or control side was selected at random. The period of the space closing, the way and position of anterior teeth movement were observed on each side and the period of the space closing of two sides were tested by paired t test. Results: ①The average period of the spaces closing which was (6.69±1.07) months on the trial side and (9.56±1.19) months on the control side was significantly different (P<0.05).② After the closure of extraction spaces, the cuspid achived better position on the trial side than the contral side on which cuspid presented distal-lingual rotation. Conclusion: The extraction spaces can be closed in all cases by two methods respectively. Using MIA to close the extraction space by one step and retraction of anterior teeth can not only shorten the period of space closing but also achieve nice outcome by moving the cuspid in spongy bone.